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1.
J Zoo Wildl Med ; 52(1): 145-156, 2021 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33827171

RESUMO

The objective of this 20-yr retrospective study was to review and summarize causes of mortality in the North American (NA) snow leopard population to inform and enhance animal health and husbandry practices. Pathology reports were requested from all NA zoological institutions housing snow leopards that died between 01 January 1999 and 31 December 2019. Data were reviewed and cause of death (COD) and concurrent diseases were summarized and compared by age group, organ system, and disease process. The 241 snow leopards in this report include 109 males, 130 females, and two of undetermined sex. Among them were 116 geriatric snow leopards (>15 yr), 72 adults (15-3 yr), 16 juveniles (3 yr to 2 mo), 32 neonates (2 mo to 0 days), and five fetuses (<0 days). Overall, noninfectious diseases were the most common COD across all age groups (73%). In adult and geriatric snow leopards, chronic renal disease (CRD) (38.8%) and malignant neoplasia (19.7%), including oral squamous cell carcinoma (6.4%), were a common COD. In juveniles and neonates, perinatal death and congenital diseases, including ocular coloboma (15.6%), were a common COD. Individuals with CRD were 13.5 and 4.36 times more likely to have veno-occlusive disease and cardiac fibrosis, respectively. Snow leopards with urolithiasis were 5.27 times more likely to have CRD. Infectious (14.1%) and inflammatory diseases (8.7%) for which no specific etiology was identified were less common overall and more common in juveniles and neonates (25% and 21%, respectively). Neoplasms not previously reported in snow leopards or that are generally uncommon in the veterinary literature included transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (n = 7) and mesothelioma (n = 1).


Assuntos
Animais de Zoológico , Doenças Transmissíveis/veterinária , Felidae , Inflamação/veterinária , Mortalidade , Envelhecimento , Animais , Doenças Transmissíveis/mortalidade , Feminino , Inflamação/mortalidade , Masculino , Doenças não Transmissíveis , América do Norte , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 253(12): 1623-1629, 2018 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30668260

RESUMO

CASE DESCRIPTION A 7-year-old sexually intact female snow leopard (Panthera uncia) was examined because of blepharospasm, periocular discharge, ventral deviation of the upper eyelid cilia, third eyelid prolapse, and corneal opacity of the right eye. CLINICAL FINDINGS An ophthalmic examination performed with the patient anesthetized revealed a 3 × 3-mm ulcer that extended approximately 60% of the depth of the right cornea and was accompanied by perilesional and intralesional cellular infiltrates and active vascularization. The upper eyelid of the right eye also had a previously repaired coloboma resulting in trichiasis. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Surgical intervention was elected after 5 weeks of medical management including topical administration of autologous serum and topical, subconjunctival, and systemic administration of antimicrobials failed to yield any improvement in the ulcer. Equine amniotic membrane free-island graft placement and eyelid revision surgeries were performed. Two and a half weeks later, a descemetocele was diagnosed ventrolateral to the original ulcer, and a second equine amniotic membrane free-island grafting procedure was performed. Both grafts healed without further intervention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Equine amniotic membrane free-island grafts were used to successfully repair a corneal ulcer and descemetocele in a snow leopard. The grafting procedure spared the affected globe and resulted in satisfactory cosmesis and functional vision. This procedure should be considered as an option for corneal repair in nondomestic species for which postoperative care and medical treatment options are limited.


Assuntos
Âmnio/transplante , Úlcera da Córnea/veterinária , Felidae , Animais , Úlcera da Córnea/cirurgia , Feminino , Cavalos
3.
J Zoo Wildl Med ; 48(1): 224-227, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28363069

RESUMO

An adult male Bornean orangutan ( Pongo pygmaeus ) was diagnosed with invasive, poorly differentiated grade 9/9 mammary gland adenocarcinoma from a subcutaneous mass that was surgically removed during a routine preventative health examination. The tumor was tested for estrogen and progesterone receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (HER2 FISH). Whole blood was tested for breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) genes. The orangutan was treated orally with two common human breast cancer drugs; tamoxifen and anastrozole. The orangutan lived for 4.5 yr postdetection, dying from an unrelated cause. This is the first reported case of mammary gland adenocarcinoma in a male great ape.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/veterinária , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico , Pongo pygmaeus , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Anastrozol , Animais , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/patologia , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/cirurgia , Masculino , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/patologia , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/patologia , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/terapia , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/veterinária , Nitrilas/uso terapêutico , Tamoxifeno/uso terapêutico , Triazóis/uso terapêutico
4.
J Zoo Wildl Med ; 45(1): 143-7, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24712173

RESUMO

An adult male Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) with confirmed inflammatory bowel disease developed acute severe icterus, bilirubinuria, bilirubinemia, and elevated bile acids after a diet change. Liver biopsies showed moderate lymphoplasmacytic cholangiohepatitis (lymphocytic cholangitis). The tiger developed neurologic signs including ataxia, tremors, and seizures, as well as epistaxis. Therapy consisted of antibiotics, a steroid anti-inflammatory, vitamins, pro-coagulants, and liver-supportive medicines. The tiger improved from acute liver failure within 3 wk, while the epistaxis began at 3.5 wk and did not resolve until 10.5 wk. The long-term maintenance plan consists of oral prednisolone, metronidazole, ursodiol, and an all muscle-meat beef diet.


Assuntos
Colangite/veterinária , Falência Hepática/veterinária , Tigres , Animais , Animais de Zoológico , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Colagogos e Coleréticos/uso terapêutico , Colangite/complicações , Colangite/patologia , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Falência Hepática/etiologia , Falência Hepática/patologia , Masculino , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico/uso terapêutico
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