General Dentist's Knowledge and Attitude Towards Non-Surgical Endodontic Retreatment in Tunisia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Root canal retreatment is carried out in cases where previous endodontic therapies failed and involves the removal of root canal filling materials, followed by cleaning, shaping, and obturating of the canals. Aims: : The objective of this study was to collect information regarding attitudes, methods, and materials employed during the non-surgical endodontic retreatment (NSER) by general dentists working in Sousse Governorate, Tunisia. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 147 general dentists working in the Sousse Governorate, Tunisia, from May to November 2021. Data were collected by sending a structured questionnaire to the dental practitioners through email. All the data were analyzed by using the SPSS 10 computer software. Results: A total of 96 dentists responded to this survey. The response rate was 63.5%, with a female predominance (53.2.3%). 81.2% of the respondents performed at least one non-surgical endodontic retreatment (NSER) weekly. Our study revealed that the mandibular first molar is the tooth that most often requires endodontic retreatment (83.5%). Half of the participants never used the rubber dam during this procedure. Moreover, the majority of respondents (61.9%) simultaneously used manual files and rotary nickel-titanium instruments for root canal desobturation. Most of the dentists (69.57%) systematically use solvents during root canal desobturation. Conclusion: Our survey highlights that the majority of general dentists have adequate knowledge about endodontic retreatment. Nevertheless, dentists are yet to start the application of these newer strategies towards the management of endodontic failures.

Impact of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Brazilian Schoolchildren Aged 8 to 10 Years

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and confounding factors on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) according to the perception of 8 to 10-year-old children and their parents/caregivers. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study including 403 students aged 8-10 years was carried out, in which OHRQoL was measured using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire administered to both children and parents/caregivers. The diagnosis of MIH was performed according to the previously proposed index. Dental caries experience, malocclusion, and sociodemographic factors were evaluated as confounders. Cluster analysis and Poisson regression with robust variance (p<0.05) were performed. Results: The prevalence of MIH was 13.4%. Parents/caregivers of children with MIH in incisors showed a higher impact prevalence in the emotional well-being domain (PR=1.92; 95%CI=1.16-3.19). Children with hypoplasia had a higher prevalence of negative impact on OHRQoL in the oral symptoms domain (PR=1.51; 95%CI=1.03-2.23). According to the perception of parents/caregivers, dental caries experience had a negative impact on the quality of life of students in the emotional well-being domain (PR=4.19; 95%CI=1.06-16.49) and in the total questionnaire score (PR=3.21; 95%CI=1.06-9.71). Conclusion: According to the perception of parents/caregivers, children with MIH in incisors showed a greater impact on OHRQoL. Additionally, the presence of hypoplasia affected the self-perception of OHRQoL in children, and caries experience influenced the OHRQoL of children, as perceived by parents/caregivers.

Did Perceived Stress Influence Possible Sleep Bruxism and Awake Bruxism in Dentistry Students During COVID-19 Pandemic? A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the influence of perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic over awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB). Material and Methods: Observational web-based research carried out in a state in the Brazilian Northeast. The sample was composed of dental students from seven faculties, divided into three groups: beginning (1-4 semesters), middle (5-7), and end (8-10). An online questionnaire was constructed: Socio-demographic, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Self-reported AB and SB, and COVID-19 Fear Scale. Data were collected from April to June 2021 by sending the questionnaire through WhatsApp®, e-mail, and Instagram®. After bivariate analyses, a multiple logistic regression model was performed to discriminate variables for perceived stress and AB and SB. Hosmer and Lemeshow and chi-square tests were used to check the model's goodness of fit. Results: A total of 391 dental students participated in this research - most women (69.8%), unmarried (69.8%), family income less than three minimum wages (60.9%), self-reported physical activity (63.3%). Perceived stress was low to moderate (72.1%), SB was 39.6%, AB was 49.6%, and low COVID-19 fear was 81.1%. COVID-19 fear (3.03), being female (2.47), and using psychotropic (2.53) increases the chance of being stressed. Perceived stress can predict AB in models 1 (p=0.008) and 4 (p=0.039). There was no significance for perceived stress and SB. Conclusion: Perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced awake bruxism.

Difficulties of dental practice among left-handed Tunisian students: a cross-sectional survey.

In dentistry, most equipment is designed for right-handed (RH) individuals. Thus, left-handed (LH) individuals are often forced to adapt to demanding RH working conditions, and therefore, experience difficulties in their practice. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of left handedness among dental students at the Dental Clinic of Monastir, Tunisia, and to investigate the difficulties for LH individuals during clinical practice. A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students during the academic year from September 2019 to March 2020. An adaptation of the Grad-Corllet Diagram and a specific questionnaire on clinical practices were administered to 221 participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 statistical software for descriptive statistics and the chi-square test was performed (with a 5% significance level). The study revealed that 18.1% of dental students were LH. Among which, 82.5% of LH students had difficulties using instruments designed for RH dentists, 47.5% of LH students preferred the 3 o'clock working position, and 77.5% of LH students preferred to work in a sitting position. Most LH students (70%) reported that endodontic treatment was the most difficult procedure to perform. All students, whether RH or LH, presented a higher percentage of pain in the lumbar and neck/cervical regions; however, LH students presented higher values (77.5%) with statistically significant differences being reported for lower back pain (p = 0.026) and neck pain (p = 0.012). This study highlights the difficulties that LH dental students face in performing dental work. Dental Schools should provide LH students with appropriate equipment and a proper learning environment.

Prevalence of Dental Fear and its Association with Painful Oral Conditions in Adolescents

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence of dental fear and evaluate its association with dental caries and with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren aged 11-14 years. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 375 adolescents in Campina Grande, Brazil. Socioeconomic and oral health information was collected, while dental fear was measured using the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). The diagnosis of dental caries and MIH was performed by three trained examiners (κ ≥ 0.61) using the International Caries Detection & Assessment System - ICDAS II and a previously validated index, respectively. Data were descriptively analyzed using the Chi-Square, Fisher's Exact, and Poisson regression tests with robust variance (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of dental fear was 18.4%, and the mean CFSS-DS total score was 28.96 ± 8.92. After adjusting for covariates family structure, schooling of parents/guardians, type of dental health service and dental pain in the last six months, the prevalence of dental fear was associated with dental pain in the last six months (PR=2.03; 95%CI=1.31-3.16; p=0.002). Conclusion: Although no association was found between dental fear, dental caries and MIH in adolescents, those who experienced dental pain in the last six months had a higher prevalence of dental fear.

Difficulties of dental practice among left-handed Tunisian students: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract In dentistry, most equipment is designed for right-handed (RH) individuals. Thus, left-handed (LH) individuals are often forced to adapt to demanding RH working conditions, and therefore, experience difficulties in their practice. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of left handedness among dental students at the Dental Clinic of Monastir, Tunisia, and to investigate the difficulties for LH individuals during clinical practice. A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students during the academic year from September 2019 to March 2020. An adaptation of the Grad-Corllet Diagram and a specific questionnaire on clinical practices were administered to 221 participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 statistical software for descriptive statistics and the chi-square test was performed (with a 5% significance level). The study revealed that 18.1% of dental students were LH. Among which, 82.5% of LH students had difficulties using instruments designed for RH dentists, 47.5% of LH students preferred the 3 o'clock working position, and 77.5% of LH students preferred to work in a sitting position. Most LH students (70%) reported that endodontic treatment was the most difficult procedure to perform. All students, whether RH or LH, presented a higher percentage of pain in the lumbar and neck/cervical regions; however, LH students presented higher values (77.5%) with statistically significant differences being reported for lower back pain (p = 0.026) and neck pain (p = 0.012). This study highlights the difficulties that LH dental students face in performing dental work. Dental Schools should provide LH students with appropriate equipment and a proper learning environment.

Profile of Hospitalizations of Children and Adolescents Victims of Transport Accidents: A Retrospective Study

Abstract Objective: To present the profile of hospitalizations due to transport accidents in individuals aged 0-19 years in a reference hospital for urgent and emergency traumatology care. Material and Methods: This retrospective study is grounded on analyzing medical records of children and adolescents hospitalized due to transport accidents in 2016 and 2017. The bivariate analyses included Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests and binary logistic regression, with a 5% significance level. Results: Four hundred and seventy-five (43.7%) of the 1,088 medical records investigated corresponded to transport accidents, and accidents involving motorcycles were the most frequent (68.3%), affecting adolescents (81.3%), while children were more involved in accidents as pedestrians (57.1%). Advancing age increases the likelihood of the outcome, with a significant association in the multivariate analysis (p<0.001). The mandible was most frequently affected in maxillofacial fractures. Conclusion: Transport accidents predominantly affect male adolescents, involving motorcycles, and the lower limbs are the most affected. The mandible was the most affected bone in maxillofacial fractures.

Pattern of oral and maxillofacial trauma and associated factors: An 8-year prospective study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Oral and maxillofacial trauma (OMFT) is a public health problem due to its high occurrence and demand for resources for its management and the financial and social impact of OMFT victims on the health system. The aim of this study was to conduct an 8-year prospective analysis of OMFT cases from an emergency service. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based 8-year prospective study on OMFT and associated factors was performed on data from December 2011 to December 2019. Data regarding sociodemographic (gender, age, and skin color) and socio-economic profiles (educational level, family income, and occupation), OMFT profile (etiology, OMFT type, and treatment), associated factors [alcohol consumption and personal protective equipment (PPE) use], OMFT occurrence (injury day and hour), length of hospital stay, and cost were collected. Descriptive and inferential analyses of data were performed. RESULTS: Most OMFT cases involved men with low schooling and family income, resulting from traffic accidents. OMFT severity was associated with longer hospital stay, higher hospital costs and nonuse of PPE, midface fractures (mainly orbital-zygomatic fractures), closed reduction, and open reduction/internal fixation. Traffic accidents were the main cause of longer hospital stays for victims aged 41-60 years with better socio-economic status compared with cases that had higher hospital costs. In general, higher hospital costs were associated with victims of violence under 40 years of age, with low schooling and farmers. Alcohol consumption and non-use of PPE also contributed to increasing the length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Oral and maxillofacial trauma severity was associated with longer hospital stay and higher hospital costs. Associated factors such as alcohol consumption and non-use of PPE contributed to increase the length of hospital stay and OMFT severity.

Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding child abuse and neglect among dentists in Turkey.

Limited research attention has been paid to Turkish dentists' perceptions of child abuse and neglect (CA/N). This study aimed to examine Turkish dentists' knowledge about, attitudes toward, and perceptions of CA/N. A total of 229 Turkish dentists responded to the self-administered, valid and reliable questionnaire. It consisted of 34 questions that could be classified into the following conceptual categories: a) sociodemographic data, b) knowledge about legal procedures and the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N, and c) self-efficacy and attitudes toward CA/N. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted and partial eta squared coefficients were used statistically. Knowledge about legal obligations was associated with occupational experience, highest CA/N education, frequency of child dental treatment. Prior experience with case of suspected CA/N demonstrated the greatest effects. Knowledge about the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N was associated with prior experience with at least one case of suspected CA/N. The most frequently provided reasons for failure to report cases of suspected CA/N were fear that the child would be harmed. Turkish dentists demonstrated moderate levels of knowledge about their legal obligations and the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N. Dentists should receive detailed education on CA/N in their undergraduate and postgraduate education. In addition, it is necessary to increase awareness and knowledge about CA/N by providing in-service trainings at the institutions where they work.

Do ensino presencial ao ensino remoto emergencial: o impacto da COVID-19 na estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem de um estágio curricular supervisionado / From face-to-face education to emergency remote education: the impact of COVID-19 on the teaching-learning strategy of a supervised curricular internship

O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar um relato de experiência relacionado às mudanças impostas pela COVID-19 na dinâmica de funcionamento de um estágio supervisionado em uma instituição pública do estado da Paraíba. No período que antecedeu a pandemia, ainda estavam sendo implementadas as determinações propostas no Projeto Pedagógico instituído em 2016, o qual estabeleceu um novo paradigma para definição das atividades curriculares, sobretudo daquelas relacionadas ao estágio supervisionado. Das 480h destinadas às atividades em ambientes extramuros, 37,5% deveriam ocorrer no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Desse modo, para o Estágio na Estratégia Saúde da Família II, ficou estabelecido para o semestre 2021.1, a retomada de forma remota. Criou-se o "Ambulatório Virtual Conexão Odonto", um espaço virtual para o compartilhamento de casos clínicos, representando situações fictícias, mas elaborados a partir da experiência clínica do corpo docente e condizentes com situações reais vivenciadas no âmbito da APS. Doze situações clínicas, que envolveram distintos níveis de complexidade e retrataram condições que acometeram usuários de diferentes idades e condições de vida foram trabalhadas. Constatou-se que a experiência, apesar de desafiadora, foi exitosa, pois o ensino remoto emergencial foi capaz de despertar em cada um dos envolvidos a necessidade de superar esse novo modelo de ensino. O fluxo de mudanças promoveu a inclusão de ferramentas digitais que contribuíram com a ampliação e/ou reconstrução do saber,tudo isso, sem distanciamento da prática de incentivo ao raciocínio crítico e autonomia do corpo discente (AU).

The aim of the present study is to present an experience report related to changes imposed by COVID-19 on the dynamics of a supervised internship in a public institution of the state of Paraíba, Brazil. In the period before the pandemic, the determinations proposed in the Pedagogical Project established in 2016 were still being implemented, which established a new paradigm for defining curricular activities,especially those related to supervised internship. Of the 480 hours allocated to activities carried out in extramural environments, 37.5% should take place within the scope of Primary Health Care (PHC). Thus, for the "Internship in the Family Health Strategy II" curricular component, the resumption of the remote form was established for the 2021.1 semester. The "Ambulatório Virtual Conexão Odonto" was created, which is a virtual space for the sharing of clinical cases, representing fictitious situations, but elaborated from the clinical experience of the faculty and consistent with real situations experienced in the scope of PHC. Twelve clinical situations, which involved different levels of complexity and presented conditions that affected users of different ages and living conditions, were addressed. It was found that the experience, although challenging, was successful, as emergency remote education was able to awaken in each of those involved the need to overcome this new teaching model. The flow of changes promoted the inclusion of digital tools that contributed to the expansion and/or reconstruction of knowledge, all this, without distancing from the practice of encouraging critical thinking and student autonomy (AU).

Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding child abuse and neglect among dentists in Turkey

Abstract Limited research attention has been paid to Turkish dentists' perceptions of child abuse and neglect (CA/N). This study aimed to examine Turkish dentists' knowledge about, attitudes toward, and perceptions of CA/N. A total of 229 Turkish dentists responded to the self-administered, valid and reliable questionnaire. It consisted of 34 questions that could be classified into the following conceptual categories: a) sociodemographic data, b) knowledge about legal procedures and the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N, and c) self-efficacy and attitudes toward CA/N. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted and partial eta squared coefficients were used statistically. Knowledge about legal obligations was associated with occupational experience, highest CA/N education, frequency of child dental treatment. Prior experience with case of suspected CA/N demonstrated the greatest effects. Knowledge about the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N was associated with prior experience with at least one case of suspected CA/N. The most frequently provided reasons for failure to report cases of suspected CA/N were fear that the child would be harmed. Turkish dentists demonstrated moderate levels of knowledge about their legal obligations and the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N. Dentists should receive detailed education on CA/N in their undergraduate and postgraduate education. In addition, it is necessary to increase awareness and knowledge about CA/N by providing in-service trainings at the institutions where they work.

Systemic Manifestations, Tooth Eruption and Enamel Defects in Children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: 36-Month Follow-up Case Series

Abstract Objective: To describe systemic manifestations, the characteristics related to tooth eruption, and the occurrence of enamel defects in children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome (CZS). Material and Methods: Prospective case series based on nine children with confirmed CZS diagnosis assisted at a reference center in a municipality in the Northeast Region of Brazil. Through a structured interview directed to mothers, information related to prenatal, delivery, and postpartum periods was collected. Tooth eruption was monitored through clinical examinations for 36 months. The modified developmental defect of enamel index (DDE) was used to identify opacities and hypoplasia. Data were presented using descriptive statistics. Results: A high proportion (77.8%) had microcephaly, and 55.5% had low birth weight. Musculoskeletal disorders, swallowing difficulty, and self-injury practices were present in all children. Among the systemic findings, visual impairment (77.8%) and seizures (77.8%) were widely reported. Concerning disorders related to the stomatognathic system, bruxism (66.7%) and difficulty in sucking (33.3%) were present. For most children (77.8%), the deciduous right lower central incisor was the first tooth to erupt (minimum 8 months and maximum 17 months). Enamel defects were diagnosed in only two children (22.2%). Conclusion: A wide range of systemic manifestations was observed in children with CZS, including visual impairment and musculoskeletal disorders. Delayed eruption of the first deciduous tooth was also observed. Enamel defects were present in a small proportion of children.

Craniofacial trauma in Brazilian child victims of traffic accidents: A single-trauma center analysis.

BACKGROUND: Road traffic accidents are a significant public health problem and a major cause of economic loss globally. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological profile of child victims of traffic accidents and the prevalence of craniofacial trauma in a municipality in the northeastern region of Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A documentary study was carried out through the analysis of the medical records of the traffic accident victims hospitalized in emergency wards in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, from January to December 2016. A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, among which 85 (4.5%) referred to children aged 0-12 years. The information related to the sociodemographic profile of the victims, traffic accidents and clinical variables was collected. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and a 5% level of significance was adopted. RESULTS: The victims were predominantly males (64.7%) and 9-12-year-old children (43.5%). Most accidents were recorded in the evening (48.2%) and on the weekend (32.9%). Among the victims, 37.6% were involved in motorcycle accidents. Craniofacial injuries were found in 44.7% of the children. Most victims were not admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (80.0%). Craniofacial trauma was significantly associated with motorcycle (p = 0.043) and automobile accidents (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that motorcycles are the vehicles most frequently involved in traffic accidents, which predominantly affect males and children aged 9-12 years, and result in a high prevalence of craniofacial trauma.

Head and Face Injuries in Brazilian Homicide Victims - A Retrospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: Violence is a serious problem in view of its magnitude and impact on the health of the population in several countries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of head and face injuries among homicide victims in a municipality in the Northeastern region of Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study carried out at the Police Station for Crimes against Persons of the Civil Police, which evaluated 168 police inquiries of homicide victims notified from January 2015 to December 2018. Variables analyzed were related to the Victim's sociodemographic profile, homicide characteristics and body region involved. Descriptive data analysis and Pearson's Chi-square test (P < 0.05) were performed. RESULTS: There was greater involvement of men (92.9%) aged 20-29 years (36.3%), drug users (70.7%) and with a criminal record (65.9%). There was a predominance of simple homicides (92.3%), with greater occurrence on Sundays (16.7%), in the night shift (40.1%), revenge was the main reason for the crime (32%), and firearms as the main means used (89.2%). Regarding the number of body regions affected, victims were more frequently affected in 2 regions (36.5%). Head injuries were identified in 68.3% of victims, while face injuries represented 35.3%. There was an association between the presence of head injuries and number of injuries (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The prevalence of head and face injuries resulting from homicide was high and victims are predominantly young men, drug users and those with a criminal record. The association was found between the presence of head injuries and number of injuries.

Estão os estudantes de odontologia com medo do Coronavírus? Um estudo piloto utilizando a escala de medo da COVID-19 / Are dental students afraid of the Coronavirus? A pilot study using the fear of COVID-19 Scale

Introdução: a pandemia da COVID-19 acarretou mudanças em todos os segmentos da sociedade, inclusive com impacto na educação odontológica. Objetivo: avaliar o medo frente à COVID-19 em estudantes de Odontologia. Metodologia: estudo transversal composto por 40 estudantes de Odontologia de uma universidade privada. Foram coletados dados referentes a questões sociodemográficas e aplicada a Escala de Medo da COVID-19 (EMC-19). Os dados foram tabulados utilizando-se o software IBM SPSS e analisados descritivamente (frequências absoluta e percentual, medidas de tendência central e de variabilidade). Resultados: a maioria dos estudantes era do sexo feminino (60,0%), tinha entre 16 e 20 anos (50,0%) e 45,0% possuía renda familiar mensal de mais de um e menos de três salários mínimos. A média do escore total na EMC-19 foi de 18,45 (DP = 6,08), com escore mínimo de 7 e máximo de 30. A maior parte dos estudantes apresentou "pouco medo" da COVID-19 (55,0%). Os itens "Eu tenho muito medo da COVID-19", "Eu tenho medo de morrer por causa da COVID-19", e "Eu fico nervoso ou ansioso quando vejo notícias nos jornais e nas redes sociais sobre a COVID-19" obtiveram os maiores valores médios. Conclusão: a maioria dos estudantes apresentou pouco medo da COVID-19, apesar dos itens "Eu tenho muito medo da COVID-19", "Eu tenho medo de morrer por causa da COVID-19" e "Eu fico nervoso ou ansioso quando vejo notícias nos jornais e nas redes sociais sobre a COVID-19" terem obtido os maiores valores médios.

Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic brought changes in all segments of society, including with impact on dental education. Objective: to evaluate the fear of COVID-19 in dental students. Methodology: cross-sectional study composed of 40 dental students from a private university. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic issues and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was applied. The data were tabulated using the IBM SPSS software and analyzed descriptively (absolute and percentage frequencies, measures of central tendency and variability). Results: most students were female (60.0%), between 16 and 20 years old (50.0%) and 45.0% had a monthly family income of more than one and less than three minimum wages. The average of the total score on the FCV-19S was 18.45 (SD = 6.08), with a minimum score of 7 and a maximum of 30. Most students showed "little fear" of COVID-19 (55.0 %). The items "I am very afraid of COVID-19", "I am afraid of dying because of COVID-19", and "I get nervous or anxious when I see news in the newspapers and on social media about COVID-19" obtained the highest average values. Conclusion: most students showed little fear of COVID-19, despite the items "I am very afraid of COVID-19", "I am afraid of dying because of COVID-19" and "I get nervous or anxious when I see news in newspapers and social media about COVID-19" having obtained the highest average values.

Incisor Molar Hypomineralization and Quality of Life: A Population-Based Study with Brazilian Schoolchildren.

AIM: To assess the impact of incisor molar hypomineralization (MIH) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) according to the perception of students and their parents/caregivers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional population-based study with 463 Brazilian students aged 11-14 years. OHRQoL was measured using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (B-CPQ11-14ISF: 16) applied to students and the short version of the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (B-P-CPQ) applied to parents/caregivers. The diagnosis of MIH followed the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria modified in 2019. Caries experience (ICDAS II), malocclusion (DAI), and socioeconomic and demographic factors were assessed as confounding factors for impact on OHRQoL. Cluster analysis was carried out to dichotomize the negative impact into greater and lesser impact. The chi-square test and Poisson regression were performed (p < 0.05) to verify associations between quality of life and MIH, adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH was 10.8%. Multivariate regression demonstrated that caries experience was the only oral disease that impacted OHRQoL according to students' self-perception in the functional limitation domain (PR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.20-2.77) and in the total questionnaire score (PR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.00-2.51). However, according to the perception of parents/caregivers, in addition to caries experience, which affected OHRQoL in the oral symptoms (PR = 3.57; 95% CI = 1.71-7.414) and emotional well-being domains (PR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.08-2.69), as well as in the total B-P-CPQ score (PR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.01-2.76), malocclusion also affected OHRQoL in the social well-being domain (PR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.07-2.10) and in the total questionnaire score (PR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.11-2.15). CONCLUSION: According to students and their parents/caregivers' perception, incisor molar hypomineralization did not influence OHRQoL of the studied sample.

Presence of molar-incisor hypomineralization is associated with dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren.

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren and its association with dental caries experience. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 471 children aged 8 to 10 years. Data were collected via a sociodemographic questionnaire. Intra-oral clinical examination was done to identify and diagnose MIH (EAPD Criteria) as well as dental caries (ICDAS Index). Statistical analyses were performed with Person's Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Mann-Whitney tests, and Poisson regression models were built. Statistical significance was set at an alpha-level of 0.05. The prevalence of MIH in our participants was 9.8%, with lesions being mostly of the mild form (65.2%) and affecting the first permanent molars but not the incisors in 54.2% of the children. Dental caries was observed in 88.1% of subjects. We observed a significant association between dental caries and the following variables: presence of MIH (p < 0.01; PR = 1.13), dental visit (p < 0.02; PR=0.92), and parents or legal guardians' education level (p < 0.05; PR = 1.07). A MIH diagnosis was also significantly associated with family income (p < 0.05; PR = 4.09). Children with MIH had more caries lesions on molar surfaces (p < 0.01; PR = 4.05). The prevalence of MIH was found to be moderate, based on previous studies, and the presence of enamel defect was associated with dental caries. The teeth most affected by MIH lesions were the first permanent molars.

Considerations on endodontic care in times of SARS CoV-2 pandemic / Considerações sobre o atendimento endodôntico em tempos de pandemia SARS CoV-2

ABSTRACT The severe acute respiratory syndrome of the new coronavirus, SARS CoV-2, which became a pandemic, was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019. It can cause mild symptoms, but in some cases, it can cause serious complications, leading to death. The disease spreads through aerosol droplets and has an estimated incubation period between 2 and 14 days (a period in which the patient has high potential to infect other people). Endodontists have a high risk of exposure to COVID-19 when compared to other health professionals, since most of the work involves the generation of aerosols and care for patients in emergency situations, such as symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, symptomatic apical periodontitis, acute apical abscess and traumatic dental injuries, is imperative. Thus, this critical review addresses considerations about endodontic care in times of pandemic, whose emergencies imply a real need for treatment, as well as the care that must be adopted to minimize risks for both professionals and patients who seek the resolution of their clinical pain conditions.

RESUMO A síndrome respiratória aguda grave do novo coronavírus, SARS CoV-2, que se tornou uma pandemia, foi relatada pela primeira vez em Wuhan, Hubei, China em dezembro 2019. Pode acarretar sintomas leves, porém em alguns casos pode provocar graves complicações levando o indivíduo ao óbito. A doença se espalha através de gotículas de aerossol e tem um período de incubação do coronavírus estimado entre 2 e 14 dias (período este no qual o paciente tem alto potencial de infectar outras pessoas). Os endodontistas apresentam alto risco de exposição ao COVID-19 quando comparado a outros profissionais de saúde, pois a maior parte do trabalho envolve a geração de aerossóis e os atendimentos a pacientes em situações emergentes, como pulpite irreversível sintomática, periodontite apical sintomática, abscesso apical agudo e lesões dentárias traumáticas são imperativos. Dessa forma, essa revisão crítica aborda considerações sobre o atendimento endodôntico, nesta época de pandemia, cujas emergências imprimem necessidade real de tratamento, bem como os cuidados que devem ser adotados visando minimizar riscos tanto para o profissional quanto para os pacientes que buscam a resolução dos seus quadros clínicos de dor.

Presence of molar-incisor hypomineralization is associated with dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren

Abstract This study aimed to identify the prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren and its association with dental caries experience. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 471 children aged 8 to 10 years. Data were collected via a sociodemographic questionnaire. Intra-oral clinical examination was done to identify and diagnose MIH (EAPD Criteria) as well as dental caries (ICDAS Index). Statistical analyses were performed with Person's Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Mann-Whitney tests, and Poisson regression models were built. Statistical significance was set at an alpha-level of 0.05. The prevalence of MIH in our participants was 9.8%, with lesions being mostly of the mild form (65.2%) and affecting the first permanent molars but not the incisors in 54.2% of the children. Dental caries was observed in 88.1% of subjects. We observed a significant association between dental caries and the following variables: presence of MIH (p < 0.01; PR = 1.13), dental visit (p < 0.02; PR=0.92), and parents or legal guardians' education level (p < 0.05; PR = 1.07). A MIH diagnosis was also significantly associated with family income (p < 0.05; PR = 4.09). Children with MIH had more caries lesions on molar surfaces (p < 0.01; PR = 4.05). The prevalence of MIH was found to be moderate, based on previous studies, and the presence of enamel defect was associated with dental caries. The teeth most affected by MIH lesions were the first permanent molars.