RESUMO
BACKGROUND: CrossFit is known as a functional fitness training high-intensity exercise to improve physical performance. The most studied polymorphisms are the ACTN3 R577X gene, known for speed, power, and strength, and ACE I/D, related to endurance and strength. The present investigation analyzed the effects of training on ACTN3 and ACE gene expression in CrossFit athletes for 12 weeks. METHODS: the studies included 18 athletes from the Rx category, where ACTN3 (RR, RX, XX) and ACE (II, ID, DD) characterization of genotypes and tests of maximum strength (NSCA), power (T-Force), and aerobic endurance (Course Navette) were performed. The technique used was the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for the relative expression analysis. RESULTS: the relative quantification (RQ) values for the ACTN3 gene increased their levels 2.3 times (p = 0.035), and for ACE, they increased 3.0 times (p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS: there is an overexpression of the ACTN3 and ACE genes due to the effect of training for 12 weeks. Additionally, the correlation of the expression of the ACTN3 (p = 0.040) and ACE (p = 0.030) genes with power was verified.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Polimorfismo Genético , Humanos , Actinina/genética , Atletas , Genótipo , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/genética , PrevalênciaRESUMO
The health benefits of physical activity (PA) are widely recognized; however, biological maturation contributions are a subject that has been little studied, which is why the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a six-week training program at moderate-intensity on the muscular strength and aerobic capacity in children between nine and 13 years (13 ± 1.0 years) according to their maturation state. Twenty-six schoolchildren (15 girls) participated in a six-week physical exercise program based on aerobic/anaerobic capacity and coordination skills. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), trunk-lift, push-ups, curl-ups, and handgrip strength (both hands) were measured as response variables. Body mass index (BMI), skeletal maturity indicator (SMI), peak height velocity (PHV), age on peak height velocity (APHV) and sex were considered as covariates. The results of VO2max, push-ups, curl-ups, and handgrip strength were higher after the exercise program in the whole group (p < 0.05). The VO2max showed a greater increase in the normal-weight than in the overweight-obesity children (p = 0.001). Higher results in dominant handgrip strength were observed in girls (p = 0.003). The PHV before intervention presented a positive correlation with the dominant handgrip strength in all kids (r = 0.70, p = 0.001). As a conclusion, the six-week training program improved the physical fitness of children independent of the maturation state. Somatic maturation increases the physical abilities in schoolchildren.
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RESUMEN La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación de la actividad física realizada sobre la aptitud física, composición corporal y calidad de vida en una población de mujeres adultas mayores de México. Estudio retrospectivo correlacional en el cual se clasificó a las mujeres según su estilo de vida activo de acuerdo a si cumple o no con las directrices publicadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud [OMS] en 2020 sobre actividad física y comportamiento sedentario. La evaluación de la actividad física se registró a través del Cuestionario IPAQ, la aptitud física a través de la batería Senior Fitness Test, la composición corporal se estimó mediante impedancia bioeléctrica y la calidad de vida con el Cuestionario SF36. Los resultados de aquellas mujeres mayores que tienen un mayor gasto energético y que cumplen con las recomendaciones del tiempo destinado a la actividad física, muestran una mejor aptitud física, composición corporal y mayor percepción de la calidad de vida, sin embargo, la mayoría no cumple con estas recomendaciones.
ABSTRACT The present research aimed to determine the relation of the physical activity carried out (active or inactive lifestyle) on physical fitness, body composition, and quality of life in a population of older adult women in Mexico. Retrospective correlational study in which women were classified according to their active lifestyle according to whether or not they comply with the guidelines published by the World Health Organization [WHO] in 2020 on physical activity and sedentary behavior. The evaluation of physical activity was recorded through the IPAQ Questionnaire, physical fitness through the Senior Fitness Test battery, body composition was estimated using bioelectrical impedance, and quality of life with the SF36 Questionnaire. As a result, we find that those elderly women who have a higher energy expenditure and who comply with the recommendations of the time allocated to physical activity, show better physical fitness, body composition, and greater perception of quality of life, however, most do not comply with these recommendations.
RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a relação da atividade física realizada na aptidão física, composição corporal e qualidade de vida em uma população de mulheres idosas no México. Estudo retrospectivo correlacional em que as mulheres foram classificadas de acordo com seu estilo de vida ativo de acordo com as diretrizes publicadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde [OMS] em 2020 sobre atividade física e comportamento sedentário. A avaliação da atividade física foi registrada através do Questionário IPAQ, a aptidão física através da bateria Senior Fitness Test, a composição corporal foi estimada através da bioimpedância elétrica e a qualidade de vida com o Questionário SF36. Os resultados daquelas idosas que possuem maior gasto energético e que cumprem as recomendações do tempo destinado à atividade física, evidenciam melhor aptidão física, composição corporal e maior percepção da qualidade de vida, porém, a maioria não cumpre, com estas recomendações.
Assuntos
Humanos , Mulheres , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Estilo de Vida , Qualidade de Vida , Composição Corporal , Exercício Físico , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
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