Development of relationship with patient self efficacy scale: Gender, department, and grade level differences.

BACKGROUND: Self-efficacy has become a cross-disciplinary concept. In the field of healthcare, this concept is considered crucial for nurses; who play an important role in improving the health and well-being of the community. AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop a "Relationship-with-the-patient self-efficacy scale" (RPSES). METHODOLOGY: A sample of 331 university students (310 females and 21 males; 168 from the midwifery and 162 from the nursing departments) were enrolled in the study. Out of 24 items, 8 behavior items with the highest factor loadings were selected regarding the nurse-patient-relationship self-efficacy according to the results of the preliminary exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS: The final exploratory factor analysis revealed that the selected 8 items of RPSES had a single factor, explaining 83.28% of the total variance. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was c alculated as 0.97. CONCLUSION: This scale has beendemonstrated to be a valid and reliable instrument.The analyses unfolded that RPSES scores of the students were not different between men and womenand did not differ by the departments the students attended; however, the RPSES scores were different by the grade levels of the students (juniors and seniors). The fourth graders' RPSES scores were higher than those of third graders.

Examination of the personalities and anxiety levels of children in prison: a sample of crime in Mugla, Turkey.

Child crime and their feelings of guilt have special importance because of their impact on children's development and future life. In the last few years, the number of young and child criminals has increased in Turkey. The sample for this study is from Dügerek prison in Mugla, one of the cities of the Aegean region of Turkey, from 18 February 2007 to 22 February 2007. The sampling group was randomly chosen and consisted of 41 boys aged 15-18 from the child section of the prison. There were no girls in that section. After a one-to-one oral interview with the children, a questionnaire containing the Cornell Index, Inertial Anxiety Inventory and demographic questions was administered. There was a highly positive, meaningful relationship (r: 0.771, P < 0.05) between state anxiety and trait anxiety levels. Our recommendation is that juvenile delinquents need more psychological support than their peers with normal lives, so in order to rehabilitate them, the number of the psychologists should be increased in this prison.