Corrigendum to "Second round statewide sentinel-based population survey for estimation of the burden of active infection and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the general population of Karnataka, India, during January-February 2021" [IJID Regions Vol 1(2021) pages 107-116].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2021.10.008.].

Second round statewide sentinel-based population survey for estimation of the burden of active infection and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the general population of Karnataka, India, during January-February 2021.

Objective: Demonstrate the feasibility of using the existing sentinel surveillance infrastructure to conduct the second round of the serial cross-sectional sentinel-based population survey. Assess active infection, seroprevalence, and their evolution in the general population across Karnataka. Identify local variations for locally appropriate actions. Additionally, assess the clinical sensitivity of the testing kit used on account of variability of antibody levels in the population. Methods: The cross-sectional study of 41,228 participants across 290 healthcare facilities in all 30 districts of Karnataka was done among three groups of participants (low, moderate, and high-risk). The geographical spread was sufficient to capture local variations. Consenting participants were subjected to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing, and antibody (IgG) testing. Clinical sensitivity was assessed by conducting a longitudinal study among participants identified as COVID-19 positive in the first survey round. Results: Overall weighted adjusted seroprevalence of IgG was 15.6% (95% CI: 14.9-16.3), crude IgG prevalence was 15.0% and crude active infection was 0.5%. Statewide infection fatality rate (IFR) was estimated as 0.11%, and COVID-19 burden estimated between 26.1 to 37.7% (at 90% confidence). Further, Cases-to-infections ratio (CIR) varied 3-35 across units and IFR varied 0.04-0.50% across units. Clinical sensitivity of the IgG ELISA test kit was estimated as ≥38.9%. Conclusion: We demonstrated the feasibility and simplicity of sentinel-based population survey in measuring variations in subnational and local data, useful for locally appropriate actions in different locations. The sentinel-based population survey thus helped identify districts that needed better testing, reporting, and clinical management. The state was far from attaining natural immunity during the survey and hence must step up vaccination coverage and enforce public health measures to prevent the spread of COVD-19.

Comparative Evaluation of Five Different Methods of Anti-ABO Antibody Titration: An Aid for ABO-Incompatible Organ Transplants.

The accurate estimation of ABO antibody titers is of the utmost importance in organ transplants involving ABO incompatibility. We aim to compare five different methods of titration and analyze the data. Samples of 48 O group blood donors who donated during the month of December 2015 to January 2016 in our institution were subjected to ABO antibody titration by five different methods: immediate spin (IS) tube titer, antihuman globulin phase tube titer, Coomb's gel card titer, gel card titer after dithiotreitol (DTT) treatment of plasma, and the solid phase red cell adherence method. The mean number of titer serial dilution steps in the different titer estimation methods was compared using the paired t-test and McNemar test. A correlation between the methods was tested using Spearman's rho and kappa statistics. The median antiglobulin (AHG) phase tube titers were found to be the highest anti-A (128) and anti-B (192) titers. Significant differences in the ABO antibody titer readings among the five different methods were noted. Titers were reduced by DTT treatment in nearly 50% samples tested for both anti-A and anti-B titers. Average agreements between the DTT-applied AHG phase gel card titers and the solid phase red cell adherence (SPRCA) titers was observed for anti-A (κ = 0.473) and anti-B (κ = 0.530). The AHG phase tube and gel cards titers showed poor agreements. There are differences in the interpretability of the ABO antibody titer among different techniques. Consistent and uniform application of the method for titration throughout the treatment of a patient is highly essential.

Synthesis of substituted acridinyl pyrazoline derivatives and their evaluation for anti-inflammatory activity.

A rapid preparation of compounds (1-24), with the objective of discovering novel and potent anti-inflammatory agent. All the compounds exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities at the dose 50 mg/kg p.o. The compound 1-(2',4'-Chloroacridine-9'-yl)-3-(5'-pyridine-4-yl)-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl-thiomethyl)-pyrazole-5-one 24 showed better anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities at the three graded dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o.

Synthesis and evaluation of some new substituted benzothiazepine and benzoxazepine derivatives as anticonvulsant agents.

A new series of 4-(4'-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-substitutedphenyl)-3-(4-substitutedphenylamino methylene)-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepines (3a-3j) and 4-(4'-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-substituted phenyl)-3-(4-substitutedphenylaminomethylene)-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepins (3a'-3j') were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity. All these compounds were screened in vivo, for their anticonvulsant activity and acute toxicity. Compound 3g was found to be most potent compound of this series and was compared with the reference drug phenytion sodium. The structures of these compounds have been established by IR, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR spectroscopic data.