RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Transgelin, an actin-binding protein, is associated with cytoskeleton remodeling. Findings from our previous studies demonstrated that transgelin was up-regulated in node-positive colorectal cancer (CRC) versus node-negative disease. Over-expression of TAGLN affected the expression of 256 downstream transcripts and increased the metastatic potential of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to explore the mechanisms through which transgelin participates in the metastasis of colon cancer cells. METHODS: Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analysis were used to determine the cellular localization of endogenous and exogenous transgelin in colon cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation and subsequently high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry were performed to identify the proteins that were potentially interacting with transgelin. The 256 downstream transcripts regulated by transgelin were analyzed with bioinformatics methods to discriminate the specific key genes and signaling pathways. The Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information (GCBI) tools were used to predict the potential transcription factors (TFs) for the key genes. The predicted TFs corresponded to the proteins identified to interact with transgelin. The interaction between transgelin and the TFs was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Transgelin was found to localize in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of the colon cancer cells. Approximately 297 proteins were identified to interact with transgelin. The overexpression of TAGLN led to the differential expression of 184 downstream genes. Network topology analysis discriminated seven key genes, including CALM1, MYO1F, NCKIPSD, PLK4, RAC1, WAS and WIPF1, which are mostly involved in the Rho signaling pathway. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) was predicted as the unique TF for the key genes and concurrently corresponded to the DNA-binding proteins potentially interacting with transgelin. The interaction between PARP1 and transgelin in human RKO colon cancer cells was further validated by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that transgelin binds to PARP1 and regulates the expression of downstream key genes, which are mainly involved in the Rho signaling pathway, and thus participates in the metastasis of colon cancer.
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The sugarcane shoot borer Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) is known for causing severe damage to sugarcane yield in China. Methods have been developed to control this pest, including Cry toxin pesticide and transgenic Bt plants. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of the Cry toxin binding process and provide a basis for understanding the insect's resistance mechanism, we used a high throughput sequencing platform to perform a de novo transcriptome assembly across different larval developmental stages and analyzed Cry toxin receptors based on our assembled transcripts. We cloned twelve Cry toxin receptor genes including 1 cadherin (Cad), 7 aminopeptidase-Ns (APNs), 3 alkaline phosphatases (ALPs), and 1 ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily C2 (ABCC2), and three of them with full length. The sublethal dosage of Cry1Ac toxin was applied to sugarcane shoot borer and identified some Cry toxin receptor genes that were significantly induced after 48â¯h of exposure. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR was conducted to detect the expression profiles of these genes. Our transcriptome sequence data provided a valuable molecular resource for further study and the identified Cry toxin receptor data gave insights for improved research into the mechanism of Bt resistance.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas Hemolisinas/metabolismo , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/metabolismo , Saccharum/metabolismo , Animais , Toxinas de Bacillus thuringiensis , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Endotoxinas/genética , Endotoxinas/metabolismo , Proteínas Hemolisinas/genética , Resistência a Inseticidas/genética , Mariposas , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética , Saccharum/genéticaRESUMO
Glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls) mediate inhibitory synaptic transmission in invertebrate nervous systems, and only one GluCl gene has been found in insects. Therefore, insect GluCls are one of the major targets of insecticides including avermectins. In the present study, a 1347â¯bp full-length cDNA encoding a 449-amino acid protein (named MsGluCl, GenBank ID: MK336885) was cloned from the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, and characterized two alternative splicing variants of MsGluCl. The protein shares 76.9-98.6% identity with other insect GluCl isoforms. Spatial and temporal expression analysis revealed that MsGluCl was highly expressed in the 3rd instar and adult head. Dietary ingestion of dsMsGluCl significantly reduced the mRNA level of MsGluCl and decreased abamectin mortality. Thus, our results reveal that MsGluCl could be the molecular target of abamectin and provide the basis for further understanding the resistance mechanism to abamectin in arthropods.
Assuntos
Processamento Alternativo/genética , Canais de Cloreto/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular/métodos , Mariposas/genética , Animais , Canais de Cloreto/genética , DNA Complementar/genética , DNA Complementar/metabolismo , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Ivermectina/análogos & derivados , Ivermectina/farmacologia , Mariposas/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismoRESUMO
The ryanodine receptors of insects are the main target sites of diamide insecticides, which show highly selective insecticidal activity relative to toxicity in mammals and provide a novel option for managing lepidopteran pests. The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker), is a destructive pest of agricultural crops, and great efforts have been undertaken to control this pest including repeated insecticide applications. In this study, full-length cDNA of a ryanodine receptor gene from M. separata (MsRyR) was cloned and characterized. The cDNA of MsRyR had a 15,372â¯bp open reading frame and encoded 5124 amino acids (GenBank ID: MG712298). MsRyR shares 78-97% identity with RyR isoforms of other insects, and <50% identities with Homo sapiens RyRs 1-3. Temporal and spatial expression analysis detected MsRyR at all developmental stages and in all tissues. The highest relative levels of MsRyR were detected in the second instar and head. Exposure to chlorantraniliprole after 24â¯h significantly increased the expression levels of whole body MsRyR mRNA. In addition, dietary ingestion of dsMsRyR significantly reduced the mRNA level of MsRyR and greatly decreased chlorantraniliprole-induced mortality. Our results revealed that the MsRyR could be the molecular target of chlorantraniliprole, and provided the basis for further understanding the resistance mechanism of chlorantraniliprole.
Assuntos
Inativação Gênica , Genes de Insetos , Resistência a Inseticidas/genética , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Lepidópteros/efeitos dos fármacos , Canal de Liberação de Cálcio do Receptor de Rianodina/genética , ortoaminobenzoatos/farmacologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Clonagem Molecular , Produtos Agrícolas , DNA Complementar , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Lepidópteros/genética , Lepidópteros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Homologia de Sequência de AminoácidosRESUMO
Six female patients with bilateral medial knee OA and 6 healthy controls were recruited. Patients with knee OA received a 6-week physiotherapist-supervised and home-based exercise program. Outcome measures, including the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Short Form-36 Health Survey as well as objective biomechanical indices were obtained at baseline and follow-up. After treatment, no significant difference was observed in the knee abductor moment (KAM), lever arm, and ground reaction force. We, however, observed significantly improved pain and physical function as well as altered gait patterns, including a higher hip flexor moment and hip extension angle with a faster walking speed. Although KAM was unchanged, patients with bilateral knee OA showed an improved walking speed and altered the gait pattern after 6 weeks of supervised exercise. This finding suggests that the exercise intervention improves proximal joint mechanics during walking and can be considered for patients with bilateral knee OA. Non-weight-bearing strengthening without external resistance combined with stretching exercise may be an option to improve pain and function in individuals with OA who cannot perform high resistance exercises owing to pain or other reasons.
Assuntos
Artralgia/prevenção & controle , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Marcha , Articulação do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/terapia , Adaptação Fisiológica , Idoso , Artralgia/etiologia , Artralgia/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Treinamento Resistido , Resultado do Tratamento , Suporte de CargaRESUMO
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) brings benefits to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Negative pressure ventilation (NPV) increases ventilation and decreases hyperinflation as well as breathing work in COPD. We evaluated the long-term effects of a hospital-based PR program coupled with NPV support in patients with COPD on clinical outcomes.One hundred twenty-nine patients with COPD were followed up for more than 5 years, with the NPV group (n = 63) receiving the support of NPV (20-30âcm H2O delivery pressure for 60 min) and unsupervised home exercise program of 20 to 30 min daily walk, while the control group (n = 6) only received unsupervised home exercise program. Pulmonary function tests and 6 min walk tests (6MWT) were performed every 3 to 6 months. Emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalization with medical costs were recorded.A significant time-by-group interaction in the yearly decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 s in the control group analyzed by mixed-model repeated-measure analysis was found (P = 0.048). The 6MWT distance of the NPV group was significantly increased during the first 4 years, with the interaction of time and group (P = 0.003), the time alone (P = 0.014), and the quadratic time (Pâ<â0.001) being significant between the 2 groups. ER exacerbations and hospitalizations decreased by 66% (Pâ<â0.0001) and 54% (Pâ<â0.0001) in the NPV group, respectively. Patients on PR program coupled with NPV had a significant reduction of annual medical costs (P = 0.022).Our hospital-based multidisciplinary PR coupled with NPV reduced yearly decline of lung function, exacerbations, and hospitalization rates, and improved walking distance and medical costs in patients with COPD during a 5-year observation.
Assuntos
Volume Expiratório Forçado/fisiologia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitalização/tendências , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/reabilitação , Respiração Artificial/instrumentação , Respiradores de Pressão Negativa , Idoso , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/economia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Testes de Função Respiratória , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
HS-1-associated protein X-1 (Hax-1) has been suggested to be expressed in various rodent and human tissues. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that Hax1 exerts an antiapoptotic effect in neurological diseases. Furthermore, it has also been reported that Hax1 interacts with various apoptosisassociated proteins, including high temperature-regulated A2 (HtrA2) and caspase3. Previous studies have indicated that abnormal expression of Hax1 may be associated with the development of the nervous system and with the pathophysiology of neurological diseases, including traumatic brain injury and cerebral ischemia. The present study reported temporalspatial patterns of Hax1 in rat retina following optic nerve crush (ONC). Using western blotting and doubleimmunofluorescence, significant upregulation of Hax1 was observed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the retina following ONC. Increased Hax1 expression was demonstrated to be accompanied by upregulation of activecaspase3 and HtrA2 following ONC. In addition, Hax-1 colocalized with active caspase3 and HtrA2 in RGCs following ONC. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated biotinylated-dUTP nickend labeling staining suggested that Hax1 was involved in RGC apoptosis following ONC. Thus, these results suggested that Hax1 may participate in regulating RGC apoptosis via interacting with caspase3 and HtrA2 following ONC.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Retina/metabolismo , Animais , Apoptose , Biomarcadores , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Expressão Gênica , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular , Masculino , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Traumatismos do Nervo Óptico , Ratos , Células Ganglionares da Retina/metabolismo , Fatores de Processamento de Serina-Arginina/genética , Fatores de Processamento de Serina-Arginina/metabolismoRESUMO
Asthmatic patients with fixed airway obstruction (FAO) and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share similarities in terms of irreversible pulmonary function impairment. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) has been documented as a marker of airway inflammation in asthma, but not in COPD. To examine whether the basal eNO level and the change after exercise may differentiate asthmatics with FAO from COPD, 27 normal subjects, 60 stable asthmatics, and 62 stable COPD patients were studied. Asthmatics with FAO (nâ=â29) were defined as showing a postbronchodilator FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ≤70% and FEV1 less than 80% predicted after inhaled salbutamol (400âµg). COPD with dynamic hyperinflation (nâ=â31) was defined as a decrease in inspiratory capacity (ΔIC%) after a 6 minute walk test (6MWT). Basal levels of eNO were significantly higher in asthmatics and COPD patients compared to normal subjects. The changes in eNO after 6MWT were negatively correlated with the percent change in IC (râ=â-0.380, nâ=â29, Pâ=â0.042) in asthmatics with FAO. Their levels of basal eNO correlated with the maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF % predicted) before and after 6MWT. In COPD patients with air-trapping, the percent change of eNO was positively correlated to ΔIC% (rsâ=â0.404, nâ=â31, Pâ=â0.024). We conclude that asthma with FAO may represent residual inflammation in the airways, while dynamic hyperinflation in COPD may retain NO in the distal airspace. eNO changes after 6MWT may differentiate the subgroups of asthma or COPD patients and will help toward delivery of individualized therapy for airflow obstruction.
Assuntos
Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/metabolismo , Asma/metabolismo , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores , Feminino , Volume Expiratório Forçado , Humanos , Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Testes de Função RespiratóriaRESUMO
The malaria epidemics in Laza city of Myanmar and Yingjiang county in Yunnan province of China in 2012 and 2013 was reviewed retrospectively, and a survey on malaria infection was conducted in residents in the border areas. A total of 179 malaria cases were reported in Yingjiang county from 2012 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 2.9 per 10,000. Of the 179 cases, 77.7% were imported cases and 22.3% were local cases; 79.3% were infected with Plasmodium vivax, 20.1% with P. falciparum, and 0.6% unidentified. In Laza city of Myanmar, 2,069 malaria cases were reported, with an average annual incidence of 322.5 per 10,000. Of them, 73.4% cases were infected with P. vivax, 20.1% with P. falciparum and 6.5% unidentified. In addition, the microscopic results revealed that the malaria parasite rate in the residents in Yingjiang county was 0%, while that in Laza city was 1.5%.
Assuntos
Malária Vivax , Malária , China , Humanos , Incidência , Malária Falciparum , Mianmar , Plasmodium vivax , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Exercise intolerance is a major issue affecting many people with COPD. Six-minute walking distance (6MWD) is a widely used indicator of exercise capacity in patients with COPD. The process is strenuous and time-consuming, especially for patients who have muscle wasting. Anthropometric indicators that reflect body lean mass, such as body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), and calf circumference (CC), may have value in predicting exercise intolerance. PURPOSE: This study attempted to determine the abilities of simple anthropometric indicators including BMI, MAC, and CC in reflecting the exercise intolerance of COPD patients. METHODS: We recruited 136 nonhospitalized ambulatory COPD patients without acute conditions from a general hospital in Taiwan. Each subject's BMI, MAC, and CC were measured, and they were examined with pulmonary function tests and a 6-minute walk test. RESULTS: Among the three anthropometric indicators examined, CC showed the strongest correlation with the 6MWD, followed by MAC and BMI. CC was also strongly associated with functional capacity, followed by MAC, according to the receiver operating characteristic curves. CC and MAC, but not BMI, were significantly associated with exercise intolerance according to logistic regression models that controlled for potential confounders. CONCLUSION: Among the three variables examined, CC and walking distance may have the strongest association in COPD patients. CC may have value in serving as an adjunct to 6MWD in evaluating exercise intolerance of patients with COPD.
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Índice de Massa Corporal , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Caminhada/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Curva ROCRESUMO
COPD patients have an increased prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) compared with healthy people. Physical inactivity in COPD patients is a crucial risk factor for OP; the COPD assessment test (CAT) is the newest assessment tool for the health status and daily activities of COPD patients. This study investigated the relationship among daily physical activity (DPA), CAT scores, and bone mineral density (BMD) in COPD patients with or without OP. This study included 30 participants. Ambulatory DPA was measured using actigraphy and oxygen saturation by using a pulse oximeter. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. OP was defined as a T-score (standard deviations from a young, sex-specific reference mean BMD) less than or equal to -2.5 SD for the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck. We quantified oxygen desaturation during DPA by using a desaturation index and recorded all DPA, except during sleep. COPD patients with OP had lower DPA and higher CAT scores than those of patients without OP. DPA was significantly positively correlated with (lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck) BMD (r=0.399, 0.602, 0.438, respectively, all P<0.05) and T-score (r=0.471, 0.531, 0.459, respectively, all P<0.05), whereas CAT scores were significantly negatively correlated with (total hip and femoral neck) BMD (r=-0.412, -0.552, respectively, P<0.05) and (lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck) T-score (r=-0.389, -0.429, -0.543, respectively, P<0.05). Low femoral neck BMD in COPD patients was related to high CAT scores. Our results show no significant difference in desaturation index, low SpO2, and inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8/CXCL8, CRP, and 8-isoprostane) between the two groups. Chest physicians should be aware that COPD patients with OP have low DPA and high CAT scores.
Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Atividade Motora , Osteoporose/diagnóstico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , Comportamento Sedentário , Inquéritos e Questionários , Absorciometria de Fóton , Actigrafia , Atividades Cotidianas , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Colo do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Volume Expiratório Forçado , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose/epidemiologia , Osteoporose/fisiopatologia , Oximetria , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Capacidade VitalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The current study aimed to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of laterally-wedged (LW) insoles on the knee loadings, the knee abductor moment (KAM) in particular, and the compensatory changes at other lower limb joints in patients with bilateral medial knee osteoarthritis during level walking with and without LW insoles. METHODS: Older adults with bilateral medial knee OA (age 66 ± 5.3 years; height 156 ± 4.9 cm; mass 60 ± 5.1 kg; leg length 83.72 ± 3.64 cm) were studied using computerized gait analysis initially (Baseline) and 6 weeks after using LW insoles (Follow-up) during barefoot walking and walking with LW insoles (7° of lateral inclination, with medial arch support). The three-dimensional angles and internal moments at the lower limb joints, as well as the ground reaction forces, were obtained using a motion analysis system and two forceplates. Key features of all the variables were compared using paired t tests for immediate effects (barefoot vs. LW) and for long-term effects (Baseline vs. Follow-up). The symptomatic severity (WOMAC Index) was also evaluated (Baseline vs. Follow-up). RESULTS: The KAM with LW insoles at Baseline was significantly reduced when compared to the barefoot condition (p < 0.05), suggesting that the LW insoles were effective in reducing unfavorable loadings at the knee immediately upon wearing the insoles. After 6 weeks of wearing LW insoles (Follow-up), no significant changes were found in most of the biomechanical variables, including KAM (p > 0.05), when compared to Baseline with LW insoles. However, a specific gait adaptation with reduced knee loading was revealed when walking without LW insoles, i.e., for the barefoot condition (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: After long-term use of LW insoles, the pain and physical function were improved with decreased peak KAM. A specific gait adaptation with reduced KAM was also found when walking without LW insoles. These results indicate a positive long-term effect in persons with bilateral medial knee OA, both as an orthosis to assist walking, and as a treatment intervention to facilitate gait adaptations in favor of reduced KAM.
Assuntos
Órtoses do Pé , Osteoartrite do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Caminhada/fisiologia , Idoso , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Marcha/fisiologia , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Fatores de Tempo , Suporte de CargaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Moderate-intensity exercise training improves skeletal muscle aerobic capacity and increased oxidative enzyme activity, as well as exercise tolerance in COPD patients. METHODS: To investigate whether the home-based exercise training program can reduce inflammatory biomarkers in patients with COPD, twelve patients using mobile phone assistance and 14 with free walk were assessed by incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), spirometry, strength of limb muscles, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS: Patients in the mobile phone group improved their ISWT walking distance, with decrease in serum CRP after 2 months, and sustained at 6 months. Patients in the control group had no improvement. Serum IL-8 in the mobile phone group was significantly reduced at 2, 3 and 6 months after doing home exercise training compared to baseline. IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly elevated at 3 and 6 months in control group, while there were no changes in mobile phone group. The strength of limb muscles was significantly greater compared to baseline at 3 and 6 months in the mobile phone group. CONCLUSIONS: A mobile-phone-based system can provide an efficient home endurance exercise training program with improved exercise capacity, strength of limb muscles and a decrease in serum CRP and IL-8 in COPD patients. Decreased systemic inflammation may contribute to these clinical benefits. (Clinical trial registration No.: NCT01631019).
Assuntos
Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Telefone Celular , Citocinas/sangue , Terapia por Exercício , Inflamação/sangue , Condicionamento Físico Humano , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/reabilitação , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Teste de Esforço , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação/terapia , Interleucina-6/sangue , Interleucina-8/sangue , Masculino , Aplicativos Móveis , Força Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Resistência Física , Projetos Piloto , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Espirometria , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Caminhada/fisiologiaRESUMO
We developed two efficient protocols for the synthesis of feruloyl and caffeoyl derivatives from commercial vanillin and veratraldehyde. Pharmacological activities were assessed against a panel of human cancer cell lines in vitro. Most synthesized compounds demonstrated attractive cytotoxicity. Several new compounds demonstrated significant antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities against HeLa and Bewo tumor cell lines. In particular, 5-nitro caffeic adamantyl ester showed broad spectrum of tumor inhibition in 10 cell lines, and reduced tumor weight by 36.7% in vivo when administered at a dose of 40 mg kg(-1).
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Ácidos Cafeicos/farmacologia , Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Cafeicos/síntese química , Ácidos Cafeicos/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácidos Cumáricos/síntese química , Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Células HL-60 , Células HeLa , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immediate efficacy of laterally wedged insoles with arch support (LWAS) on gait in persons with bilateral medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: A prospective case-control intervention study. SETTING: A gait laboratory with a 6-camera motion analysis system and 2 forceplates. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen women with bilateral medial knee OA and 15 healthy control subjects (N=30). INTERVENTIONS: LWAS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Subjective knee pain and objective biomechanical indices, namely, joint angles and moments in the frontal plane, frontal plane ground reaction force and lever arm, as well as medial/lateral center of mass and center of pressure during gait. RESULTS: When wearing the LWAS, knee pain during gait in persons with medial knee OA decreased (P=.01). Peak internal knee abductor moments were also reduced (P<.001) with increasing foot progression angles, laterally shifted center of pressure, and a shortened frontal plane lever arm (all P<.05). However, ankle invertor moments were increased (P<.05) when wearing the LWAS. CONCLUSIONS: Although peak internal knee abductor moment and knee pain were immediately reduced during gait when wearing the LWAS, increased ankle invertor moments were found, suggesting that the LWAS should be used with caution. Strengthening and monitoring the condition of the ankle invertor muscles may be necessary if the LWAS is used as an intervention for persons with bilateral medial knee OA.
Assuntos
Órtoses do Pé , Marcha/fisiologia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/reabilitação , Caminhada/fisiologia , Idoso , Tornozelo/fisiopatologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatologia , Dor Musculoesquelética/etiologia , Dor Musculoesquelética/reabilitação , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Osteoartrite do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this cross-sectional observational study was to determine whether asymmetric hip mobility was associated with neck pain in young adults. METHODS: Three hundred twenty-seven freshmen students were recruited from an urban university and underwent the Patrick's flexion, abduction, external rotation, extension (FABERE) test for comparison of the functional mobility of bilateral hip joints during the health examination. A logistic regression model was constructed to determine whether the asymmetry measured by the Patrick's FABERE test was associated with neck pain after adjusting for factors of sex and exercise habits. RESULTS: The frequency of asymmetric results of the Patrick's FABERE test among the students who reported neck pain was significantly higher than that of those without neck pain (54.2% vs 26.5%; P < .001). After adjusting for the above confounders, the odds ratio of asymmetric results of a Patrick's FABERE test was 2.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.57-5.72; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Imbalanced mobility of the hip joints might be associated with an increased incidence of neck pain.
Assuntos
Articulação do Quadril/fisiopatologia , Cervicalgia/etiologia , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Movimento , Cervicalgia/epidemiologia , RotaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Bronchiectasis is characterized by an irreversible dilatation of bronchi and is associated with lung fibrosis. MMP-1 polymorphism may alter its transcriptional activity, and differentially modulate bronchial destruction and lung fibrosis. DESIGN: To investigate the association of MMP-1 polymorphisms with disease severity in non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis patients, 51 normal subjects and 113 patients with bronchiectasis were studied. The associations between MMP-1 polymorphisms, lung function, and disease severity evaluated by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were analyzed. RESULTS: The frequency of MMP-1(-1607G) allele was significantly higher in patients with bronchiectasis than normal subjects (70.8% vs 45.1%, p<0.01). Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was decreased in bronchiectasis patients with 1G/1G (1.2±0.1 L, nâ=â14) and 1G/2G (1.3±0.1 L, nâ=â66) genotypes compared to the 2G/2G genotype (1.7±0.1 L, nâ=â33, p<0.01). Six minute walking distance was decreased in bronchiectasis patients with 1G/1G and 1G/2G compared to that of 2G/2G genotype. Disease severity evaluated by HRCT score significantly increased in bronchiectasis patients with 1G/1G and 1G/2G genotypes compared to that of 2G/2G genotype. Bronchiectasis patients with at least one MMP-1 (-1607G) allele showed increased tendency for hospitalization. Serum levels of pro-MMP-1, active MMP-1 and TGF-ß1 were significantly increased in patients with bronchiectasis with 1G/1G and 1G/2G genotype compared with 2G/2G genotype or normal subjects. Under IL-1ß stimulation, peripheral blood monocytes from subjects with 1G/2G or 1G/1G genotype secreted higher levels of TGF-ß1compared to subjects with 2G/2G genotype. CONCLUSION: This is the first report to address the influence of MMP-1 polymorphisms on lung function and airway destruction in non-CF bronchiectasis patients. Bronchiectasis patients with MMP-1(-1607G) polymorphism may be more vulnerable to permanent lung fibrosis or airway destruction due to the enhanced MMP-1 and TGF-ß1 activity. Upregulated MMP-1 activity results in proteolytic destruction of matrix, and leads to subsequent fibrosis.
Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/genética , Metaloproteinase 1 da Matriz/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Alelos , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , TaiwanRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Exercise training is of benefit for patients with restrictive lung disease. However, it tends to be intolerable for those with severe disease. We examined whether providing ventilatory assistance by using negative pressure ventilators (NPV) during exercise training is feasible for such patients and the effects of training. METHODS: 36 patients with restrictive lung disease were prospectively enrolled for a 12-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation program. During this program, half of them (n:18; 60.3 ± 11.6 years; 6 men; FVC: 32.5 ± 11.7% predicted ) received regular sessions of exercise training under NPV, whilst the 18 others (59.6 ± 12.3 years; 8 men; FVC: 37.7 ± 10.2% predicted) did not. Exercise capacity, pulmonary function, dyspnea and quality of life were measured. The primary endpoint was the between-group difference in change of 6 minute-walk distance (6MWD) after 12 weeks of rehabilitation. RESULTS: All patients in the NPV-exercise group were able to tolerate and completed the program. The between-group differences were significantly better in the NPV-exercise group in changes of 6MWD (34.1 ± 12.7 m vs. -32.5 ± 17.5 m; P = 0.011) and St George Score (-14.5 ± 3.6 vs. 11.8 ± 6.0; P < 0.01). There was an improvement in dyspnea sensation (Borg's scale, from 1.4 ± 1.5 point to 0.8 ± 1.3 point, P = 0.049) and a small increase in FVC (from 0.85 ± 0.09 L to 0.91 ± 0.08 L, P = 0.029) in the NPV-exercise group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Exercise training with NPV support is feasible for patients with severe restrictive lung diseases, and improves exercise capacity and health-related quality of life.
Assuntos
Dispneia/fisiopatologia , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Tolerância ao Exercício/fisiologia , Pneumopatias/reabilitação , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Dispneia/reabilitação , Feminino , Humanos , Pneumopatias/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Espirometria , Inquéritos e Questionários , Taiwan , Resultado do Tratamento , Respiradores de Pressão NegativaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has allowed in detection of airway wall abnormalities and emphysema, whose extent may correlate with the clinical severity of the disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Six minute walk test (6MWT) and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) can determine functional status. METHODS: A study was undertaken to investigate whether the extent of emphysema in COPD patients quantitatively confirmed by HRCT scoring was associated with distance walked, inspiratory capacity (IC) changes after exercise, anaerobic threshold of cardiopulmonary exercise and the BODE index (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, exercise performance). RESULTS: Seventeen patients with COPD underwent HRCT scanning, 6MWT and CPET. The emphysema score was highly correlated to forced vital capacity (FVC) (r=-0.748, p<0.001), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (r=-0.615, p<0.01), IC post exercise (r=-0.663, p<0.01) and dyspnea score post exercise (r=0.609, p<0.01), but was not associated with the BODE index. The distance walked during 6MWT was inversely correlated to emphysema score (r=-0.557, p<0.05). IC before exercise was highly related to the 6MWT. The change in IC after exercise was associated with the percent decline of oxygen saturation after exercise (r=0.633, p<0.01). Severity of lung emphysema in COPD patients was inversely correlated to VO(2) max (r=-0.514, p<0.05) and anaerobic threshold (r=-0.595, p<0.01) of cardiopulmonary exercise. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that COPD associated with emphysema on HRCT is characterized by more severe lung function impairment, greater exercise impairment and cardiopulmonary dysfunction.
RESUMO
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has become an important public health concern. Polysomnography (PSG) is traditionally considered an established and effective diagnostic tool providing information on the severity of OSA and the degree of sleep fragmentation. However, the numerous steps in the PSG test to diagnose OSA are costly and time consuming. This study aimed to apply the multiclass Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (MMTS) based on anthropometric information and questionnaire data to predict OSA. Implementation results showed that MMTS had an accuracy of 84.38% on the OSA prediction and achieved better performance compared to other approaches such as logistic regression, neural networks, support vector machine, C4.5 decision tree, and rough set. Therefore, MMTS can assist doctors in prediagnosis of OSA before running the PSG test, thereby enabling the more effective use of medical resources.