Correlation of serum homocysteine and cystatin C levels with prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the relationship of serum homocysteine (Hcy) and cystatin C (Cys C) levels with the prognosis of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). METHODS: A total of 178 patients with HFpEF who were admitted to our hospital between December 2019 and November 2020 were included. Patients were grouped based on their serum Hcy and Cys C levels: high Hcy level, normal Hcy level, high Cys C level, and normal Cys C level. Cardiac function, ventricular remodeling indices, and prognosis were compared among patients in these groups. Additionally, the predictive value of serum Hcy and Cys C levels for adverse cardiovascular events in HFpEF patients was analyzed. RESULTS: Patients' mean age in the high Hcy level, normal Hcy level, high Cys C level, and normal Cys C level groups was 69.21 ± 4.17,67.74 ± 4.28,69.95 ± 4.98, and 67.06 ± 4.13 years old, respectively. The high Hcy level group exhibited a lower proportion of class II cardiac function according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and a higher proportion of class IV cardiac function than the normal Hcy level group, with statistically significant differences. Similarly, the high Cys C level group had a lower proportion of class II cardiac function and a higher proportion of class IV cardiac function compared with the normal Cys C level group, with statistically significant differences. Left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter (LVESD), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were significantly higher in both the high Hcy level and high Cys C level groups compared with the normal group, with statistically significant differences. The rates of all-cause mortality and class I endpoint events were significantly higher in the high Hcy level and high Cys C level groups than in the normal group. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis demonstrated that adverse cardiovascular events were significantly associated with cardiac function class, LVEDD, LVESD, LVMI, Hcy, and Cys C in patients with HFpEF. The area under the curve (AUC) values for Hcy and Cys C, determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, were 0.778 (optimal critical value, 25.38) and 0.681 (optimal critical value, 1.56), respectively, for predicting adverse cardiovascular events. Both Hcy and Cys C serum levels were positively correlated with LVEDD, LVESD, LVMI, and NYHA classification. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of Hcy and Cys C were closely associated with cardiac function, ventricular remodeling indices, and prognosis in patients with HFpEF. These levels may serve as valuable indices for assessing HFpEF patients' health status and prognosis, providing important insights into their potential role as biomarkers for HFpEF management and prognosis.

Damage and energy characteristics of coal rock combinations with inclined coal seams under axial loading.

A single load compression test of rock-coal-rock assemblages (RCRs) containing coal bodies with different inclinations was carried out with the research background of mining deep, large-steep coal seams. It was found that the larger the inclination angle of the coal body in the RCR samples, the larger the compaction stage of the samples and the smaller the uniaxial compressive strength value. In addition, both the maximum acoustic emission (AE) energy of the samples and the cumulative AE energy at the moment of destruction decreased with the increase of the inclination angle of the coal body in the form of exponential relativities. Also, the input energy and ultimate elastic energy of the samples at the peak stress moment decreased with increased inclination angle of the coal body. Furthermore, both of them changed with the inclination angle of the coal body in accordance with the exponential relationship; meanwhile, when the applied load exceeded the peak strength, the dissipative energy of the RCR samples increased rapidly due to the loss of load-bearing capacity. At the peak moment, the percentage of dissipated energy of the samples increased exponentially with the increase of the inclination angle of the coal body. This study has certain reference significance for the prevention and control of dynamic disasters during the mining of large angle coal seams.

Machine learning and single-cell analysis identify the mitophagy-associated gene TOMM22 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for intervertebral disc degeneration.

Background: Mitophagy selectively eliminates potentially cytotoxic and damaged mitochondria and effectively prevents excessive cytotoxicity from damaged mitochondria, thereby attenuating inflammatory and oxidative responses. However, the potential role of mitophagy in intervertebral disc degeneration remains to be elucidated. Methods: The GSVA method, two machine learning methods (SVM-RFE algorithm and random forest), the CIBERSORT and MCPcounter methods, as well as the consensus clustering method and the WGCNA algorithm were used to analyze the involvement of mitophagy in intervertebral disc degeneration, the diagnostic value of mitophagy-associated genes in intervertebral disc degeneration, and the infiltration of immune cells, and identify the gene modules that were closely related to mitophagy. Single-cell analysis was used to detect mitophagy scores and TOMM22 expression, and pseudo-temporal analysis was used to explore the function of TOMM22 in nucleus pulposus cells. In addition, TOMM22 expression was compared between human normal and degenerated intervertebral disc tissue samples by immunohistochemistry and PCR. Results: This study identified that the mitophagy pathway score was elevated in intervertebral disc degeneration compared with the normal condition. A strong link was present between mitophagy genes and immune cells, which may be used to typify intervertebral disc degeneration. The single-cell level showed that mitophagy-associated gene TOMM22 was highly expressed in medullary cells of the disease group. Further investigations indicated the upregulation of TOMM22 expression in late-stage nucleus pulposus cells and its role in cellular communication. In addition, human intervertebral disc tissue samples established that TOMM22 levels were higher in disc degeneration samples than in normal samples. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that mitophagy may be used in the diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration and its typing, and TOMM22 is a molecule in this regard and may act as a potential diagnostic marker in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Risk factors for depression in China based on machine learning algorithms: A cross-sectional survey of 264,557 non-manual workers.

BACKGROUND: Factors related to depression differ depending on the population studied, and studies focusing on the population of non-manual workers are lacking. Thus, we aimed to identify the risk factors related to depression in non-manual workers in China. METHOD: A large-scale cross-sectional survey was conducted between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020, which included 264,557 non-manual workers from one large physical examination institution in China. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) was used to measure depression. A total of 73 variables covering aspects of sociodemographic characteristics, general examination data, health history, symptoms, eating habits, work situation, general sleep conditions and laboratory findings were included in the collection and analysis. Machine learning algorithms of neural networks and logistic regressions were used to assess the risk of depression and explore its factors. RESULTS: Age, feeling fatigue, sleep quality, overeating, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) were found to be factors of depression. Two prediction models for depression among Chinese non-manual workers were developed with good AUC (0.820), accuracy (0.943), sensitivity (0.743-0.773), and specificity (0.700-0.729). LIMITATIONS: Data were collected at one time point only, meaning that this study cannot explain the causality of the factor on depression. CONCLUSIONS: Our finding that age, feeling fatigue, sleep quality, overeating, WHR, and HDL-C were risk factors for depression in non-manual workers may provide strong evidence for health care facilities to develop preventive measures or government policies for non-manual workers.

SIGMAR1 targets AMPK/ULK1 pathway to inhibit SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.

Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) is a progressive neurological disease characterized by distal limb muscle weakness and amyotrophy. Sigma 1 receptor (σ1R), a gene product of SIGMAR1, mutations have been reported to induce dHMN, but its mechanism remains unknown. This study aims to explore the effect of C238T and 31_50del mutations in σ1R on neuronal SH-SY5Y cell functions. The SH-SY5Y cells that overexpressed σ1R, C238T mutant σ1R (σ1RC238T) or 31_50del mutant σ1R (σ1R31_50del) were constructed by pEGFPN1 vectors. We used Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining to detect the expression of σ1R and green fluorescent proteins (GFP). Then, we evaluated the impact of σ1R mutation on apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the involvement of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. We found that σ1RC238T and σ1R31_50del downregulated σ1R and promoted the apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. σ1RC238T and σ1R31_50del increased p-PERK, p-eIF2α, p-JNK, BIP, ATF4, CHOP, ATF6, XBP1, Caspase3, Caspase12 expressions and Ca2+ concentration, whereas decreased ATP content in SH-SY5Y cells. Besides, the expressions of LC3B, Lamp1, ATG7, Beclin-1 and phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 were increased, while the p62 level decreased after C238T or 31_50del mutation of σ1R. Additionally, AMPK knockdown abolished the apoptosis mediated by σ1RC238T or σ1R31_50del in SH-SY5Y cells. Our results indicated that C238T or 31_50del mutation in σ1R promoted motor neuron apoptosis through the AMPK/ULK1 pathway in dHMN. This study shed light on a better understanding of the neurons pathological mechanisms mediated by σ1R C238T and σ1R 31-50del in dHMN.

Light-activated nanoclusters with tunable ROS for wound infection treatment.

Infected wounds pose a significant clinical challenge due to bacterial resistance, recurrent infections, and impaired healing. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based strategies have shown promise in eradicating bacterial infections. However, the excess ROS in the infection site after treatments may cause irreversible damage to healthy tissues. To address this issue, we developed bovine serum albumin-iridium oxide nanoclusters (BSA-IrOx NCs) which enable photo-regulated ROS generation and scavenging using near infrared (NIR) laser. Upon NIR laser irradiation, BSA-IrOx NCs exhibit enhanced photodynamic therapy, destroying biofilms and killing bacteria. When the NIR laser is off, the nanoclusters' antioxidant enzyme-like activities prevent inflammation and repair damaged tissue through ROS clearance. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that BSA-IrOx NCs inhibit bacterial nitric oxide synthase, blocking bacterial growth and biofilm formation. Furthermore, the nanoclusters repair impaired skin by strengthening cell junctions and reducing mitochondrial damage in a fibroblast model. In vivo studies using rat infected wound models confirmed the efficacy of BSA-IrOx NCs. This study presents a promising strategy for treating biofilm-induced infected wounds by regulating the ROS microenvironment, addressing the challenges associated with current ROS-based antibacterial approaches.

Prenatal low-dose Bisphenol A exposure impacts cortical development via cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway in offspring.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used plasticizer known to cause various disorders. Despite a global reduction in the use of BPA-containing products, prenatal exposure to low-dose BPA, even those below established safety limits, has been linked to neurological and behavioral deficits in childhood. The precise mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. In the present study, we observed a significant increase in the number of cortical neurons in offspring born to dams exposed to low-dose BPA during pregnancy. We also found that this prenatal exposure to low-dose BPA led to increased proliferation but reduced migration of cortical neurons. Transcriptomic analysis via RNA sequencing revealed an aberrant activation of the cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway in offspring exposed to BPA. The use of H89, a selective PKA inhibitor, effectively rescued the deficits in both proliferation and migration of cortical neurons. Furthermore, offspring from dams exposed to low-dose BPA exhibited manic-like behaviors, including hyperactivity, anti-depressant-like responses, and reduced anxiety. While H89 normalized hyperactivity, it didn't affect the other behavioral changes. These results suggest that the overactivation of PKA plays a causative role in BPA-induced changes in neuronal development. Our data also indicate that manic-like behaviors induced by prenatal low-dose BPA exposure may be influenced by both altered neuronal development and abnormal PKA signaling in adulthood.

Chronic intranasal oxytocin alleviates cognitive impairment and reverses oxytocin signaling upregulation in MK801-induced mice.

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairment, especially impaired social cognition, is largely responsible for the deterioration of the social life of patients with schizophrenia (SZ). Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide that offers promising therapy for SZ. This study aimed to explore whether OT could affect dizocilpine (MK801)-induced cognitive impairment and to investigate the effect of exogenous OT on the endogenous OT system in the hippocampus. METHODS: The SZ mouse model was established by repeated administration of dizocilpine [MK801, 0.6 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)], and then OT (6-60 µg/kg, intranasal) or risperidone (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to explore the effect of OT on cognitive impairment. RESULTS: OT at a dose of 6 µg/kg alleviated MK801-induced hyperactivity, sociability impairment, and spatial memory impairment. OT at a dose of 20 or 60 µg/kg attenuated the hyperactivity and social novelty impairment. In MK801-injected mice, the compensatory upregulation of OT mRNA in the hippocampus was reversed by three OT doses, whereas 60 µg/kg OT reversed the compensatory upregulation of CD38 protein expression. CONCLUSION: OT alleviated cognitive impairment in the SZ mouse model to varying degrees, reversing the compensatory upregulation of OT signaling in the hippocampus.

The Efficacy of Sacubitril Valsartan Sodium in Combination with Levosimendan in the Treatment of Cardiorenal Syndrome and the Effect on Cardiac and Renal Function.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sacubitril valsartan sodium combined with levosimendan on improving cardiac and renal functions in patients with CRS. Methods: 90 patients with the cardiorenal syndrome who were hospitalized in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 were selected and divided into two groups, the control group, and the joint group, according to both single and double number methods, with 45 cases in each group. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria for CRS, were older than 18 years of age, had NYHA class II to IV, and had stage 1 or 2 chronic kidney disease were included in the study. Patients with severe hypersensitivity to the drugs used in this test, haemodynamic instability, combined hyperthyroidism, malignancy, severe pulmonary hypertension, cardiogenic shock, malignant arrhythmias and pregnant women were excluded. Among them, the control group was treated with sacubitril valsartan sodium alone, and the joint group was treated with levosimendan supplemented with the treatment method of the control group. The treatment effect, the improvement of cardiac and renal function, and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of CRS patients, and the prognostic effect was followed up 6 months after treatment. Results: The total effective rate of treatment in the joint group was 95.56%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group of 80.00%, and the difference was statistically significant by using χ2 test (P < .05). After treatment, LVEF, LVEDD, and NT-proBNP levels in both groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P < .05), and the improvement effect of each index in the joint group was more significant than that in the control group (P < .05). After treatment, the levels of SCr, BUN, and UA in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < .05), and the levels of each index in the joint group were significantly lower than those in the control group, statistical analyses showed significant differences (P < .05) using t test. The incidence of adverse effects such as tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, heart failure, and myocardial ischaemia was 22.22% in the combined group, which was significantly lower than 42.22% in the control group, and the difference in the total incidence between the two groups was statistically significant by χ2 test (P < .05). One case of malignant arrhythmia and five cases of recurrence of heart failure occurred 6 months after surgery in the combined group, which were significantly lower than the eight and twelve cases in the control group. Conclusion: Sacubitril valsartan sodium combined with levosimendan can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of CRS, with significant improvement in cardiac and renal function of CRS patients, and its incidence of adverse effects and long-term prognostic effects are lower than those of sacubitril valsartan sodium alone. This combination therapy offers a promising new direction for CRS management, warranting further investigation in larger, multicenter trials.

The role and future prospects of artificial intelligence algorithms in peptide drug development.

Peptide medications have been more well-known in recent years due to their many benefits, including low side effects, high biological activity, specificity, effectiveness, and so on. Over 100 peptide medications have been introduced to the market to treat a variety of illnesses. Most of these peptide medications are developed on the basis of endogenous peptides or natural peptides, which frequently required expensive, time-consuming, and extensive tests to confirm. As artificial intelligence advances quickly, it is now possible to build machine learning or deep learning models that screen a large number of candidate sequences for therapeutic peptides. Therapeutic peptides, such as those with antibacterial or anticancer properties, have been developed by the application of artificial intelligence algorithms.The process of finding and developing peptide drugs is outlined in this review, along with a few related cases that were helped by AI and conventional methods. These resources will open up new avenues for peptide drug development and discovery, helping to meet the pressing needs of clinical patients for disease treatment. Although peptide drugs are a new class of biopharmaceuticals that distinguish them from chemical and small molecule drugs, their clinical purpose and value cannot be ignored. However, the traditional peptide drug research and development has a long development cycle and high investment, and the creation of peptide medications will be substantially hastened by the AI-assisted (AI+) mode, offering a new boost for combating diseases.

Extension of Japan's Prefectural Emission Accounting and Enrichment of Socioeconomic Data from 1990 to 2020.

With the continuous increase in carbon dioxide emissions due to human activities and the resulting severe climate issues, there is global concern about energy conservation and emission reduction. However, detailed data on energy consumption and emissions at a fine-grained scale, particularly regarding spatial dimensions and sector-specific emissions, remains insufficient and in need of refinement and timely updates. In Japan, following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, there has been a significant shift from nuclear power generation to reliance on fossil fuels across various sectors, highlighting disparities in emissions data across different regions and industries. Our work extends the emissions time series for Japan's 47 prefectures, incorporating their socioeconomic characteristics over a broader time frame and with a more detailed sectoral classification. The emissions inventory, covering the period from 1990 to 2020, is based on the consumption of the three main fossil fuels across 32 sectors, with emissions carefully allocated for regional power generation. This dataset, presented in a unified format, is expanded to include longer time scales and more detailed socioeconomic data. It is anticipated to offer crucial insights for establishing regional emission reduction targets and identifying sectoral priorities for decarbonization.

Identification of particle distribution pattern in vertical profile via unmanned aerial vehicles observation.

Below the boundary layer, the air pollutants have been confirmed to present the decreasing trend with the height in most situaitons. However, the disperiosn rate of air pollutants in the vertical profile is rarely investigated in detail, especially through in-situ measurement. With this consideration, we employed an unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with portable monitoring equipments to scrutinize the vertical distribution of PM2.5. Based on the original data, we found that PM2.5 concentration decreases gradually with altitude below the boundary layer and demonstrated an obvious linear correlation. Therefore, the vertical distribution of PM2.5 was quantified by representing the distribution of PM2.5 with the slope of PM2.5 vertical distribution. We used backward trajectories to reveal the causes of outliers (PM2.5 increasing with altitude), and found that PM2.5 in the high altitude came from the southwest. Besides, the relationship between the vertical distribution of PM2.5 and various meteorological factors was investigated using stepwise regression analysis. The results show that the four meteorological factors most strongly correlated with the slope values are: (a) the difference in relative humidity between the ground and the air; (b) the difference in temperature between the ground and the air; (c) the height of the boundary layer; and (d) the wind speed. The slope values increase with increasing the difference in relative humidity between ground and air and the difference in temperature between the ground and the air, and decrease with increasing boundary layer height and wind speed. According to the Random Forest calculations, the ground-to-air relative humidity difference is the most important at 0.718; the wind speed is the least important at 0.053; and the ground-to-air temperature difference and boundary layer height are 0.140 and 0.088, respectively.

Should non-invasive prenatal testing be recommended for patients who achieve pregnancy with PGT?

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether non-invasive prenatal testing is an alternative testing option to preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in pregnant patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent PGT and invasive or non-invasive pregnancy testing after euploid blastocyst transfer at our IVF centre between January 2017 and December 2022. RESULTS: In total, 321 patients were enrolled in this study, 138 (43.0%) received invasive pregnancy testing, and 183 (57.0%) patients underwent non-invasive testing. The mean age of the patients in Group 2 was higher than that of the patients in Group 1 (35.64 ± 4.74 vs. 31.04 ± 4.15 years, P < 0.001). The basal LH and AMH levels were higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (4.30 ± 2.68 vs. 3.40 ± 1.88, P = 0.003; 5.55 ± 11.22 vs. 4.09 ± 3.55, P = 0.012), but the clinical outcomes were not significantly different. Furthermore, the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing invasive testing were similar to those of patients undergoing non-invasive testing with the same PGT indication. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that non-invasive pregnancy testing is a suitable alternative option for detecting the foetal chromosomal status in a PGT cycle. However, the usefulness of non-invasive testing in PGT-M patients is still limited.

ADSC-Exos enhance functional recovery after spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis and promoting the survival and function of endothelial cells through the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that causes major motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunctions. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC-Exos) in reducing ferroptosis and promoting angiogenesis after spinal cord injury. METHODS: We isolated ADSC-Exos, the characteristics of which were confirmed. In vitro, we tested the potential of ADSC-Exos to promote the survival and function of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and analyzed the ferroptosis of HBMECs. In vivo, we established rat models of SCI and locally injected ADSC-Exos to verify their efficacy. RESULTS: ADSC-Exos can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cell damage induced by an excessive inflammatory response in HBMECs. ADSC-Exos inhibit ferroptosis induced by excessive inflammation and upregulate the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) in HBMECs. It can also effectively promote proliferation, migration, and vessel-like structure formation. In vitro, ADSC-Exos improved behavioral function after SCI and increased the number and density of blood vessels around the damaged spinal cord. Moreover, we found that ADSC-Exos could increase nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(NRF2) expression and nuclear translocation, thereby affecting the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11) and GPX4, and the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 could reverse the above changes. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that ADSC-Exos may inhibit ferroptosis and promote the recovery of vascular and neural functions after SCI through the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. This may be a potential therapeutic mechanism for spinal cord injury.

Transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy using a 45° puncture angle and foraminotomy versus traditional THESYS for L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: Prospective comparison of the efficacy and safety of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) with a 45° puncture angle versus traditional Thomas Hoogland endoscopy spine systems (THESYS) for the surgical treatment of L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation (LDH). METHODS: Consecutive patients with L5/S1 LDH who underwent TELD were randomized (1:1) assigned to the 45° TELD group and the THESYS group. Clinical outcomes were assessed at pre-operation, 1-day and 3/6-months post-operation till final follow-up. Surgical-related parameters, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, oswestry disability index (ODI), and modified MacNab criteria, and surgical complications were recorded and analysed. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for at least 24 months. Compared to the THESYS group, the 45° TELD group had a shorter operative time (P < 0.001) and intraoperative radiation time (P < 0.001) and a smaller VAS score for back pain (P < 0.001) and leg pain intraoperatively (P < 0.001). The VAS and ODI in the 45° TELD group were significantly better than those in the THESYS group within 3 months postoperatively. However, from 3 months on, both groups showed comparable VAS and ODI. There was no significant difference between the two groups of modified MacNab criteria. There were two cases of residual disc and two cases of recurrence that required reoperation in the THESYS group. CONCLUSION: For L5/S1 LDH, the 45° TELD technique was superior to traditional THESYS in terms of surgery-related parameters and faster improvement of VAS and ODI, with a lower complication rate.

Association between dietary diversity, sedentary time outside of work and depressive symptoms among knowledge workers: a multi-center cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Low-diversity diets and sedentary status are risk factors for depressive symptoms, while knowledge workers were ignored before. The purpose of this current study was to examine the relationship between dietary diversity, sedentary time spent outside of work, and depressive symptoms among knowledge workers. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a multicenter and cross-sectional design that included 118,723 knowledge workers. Participants self-reported online between January 2018 and December 2020. Demographic information, the Dietary Diversity Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, dietary habits (which included eating three meals on time, midnight snacking, overeating, social engagement, coffee consumption, sugary drink consumption, smoking and alcohol use), sedentary time spent outside of work and physical activity were investigated. RESULTS: The relationships between demographic information, dietary habits and dietary diversity, and depressive symptoms were estimated. Compared with the first and second levels of dietary diversity, the third level of dietary diversity (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84-0.98) reduced the risk of depressive symptoms. Knowledge workers with different degrees of sedentary status (2-4 h (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.07-1.14), 4-6 h (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.17-1.26), and > 6 h (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.43-1.56), presented a progressively higher risk of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: High amounts of sedentary time spent after work and low levels of dietary diversity are risk factors for depressive symptoms. In addition, an irregular diet and overeating are also major risk factors for knowledge workers.

From basic to clinical: Anatomy of Denonvilliers' fascia and its application in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.

The total mesorectal excision (TME) approach has been established as the gold standard for the surgical treatment of middle and lower rectal cancer. This approach is widely accepted to minimize the risk of local recurrence and increase the long-term survival rate of patients undergoing surgery. However, standardized TME causes urogenital dysfunction in more than half of patients, thus lowering the quality of life of patients. Of note, pelvic autonomic nerve damage during TME is the most pivotal cause of postoperative urogenital dysfunction. The anatomy of the Denonvilliers' fascia (DVF) and its application in surgery have been investigated both nationally and internationally. Nevertheless, controversy exists regarding the basic to clinical anatomy of DVF and its application in surgery. Currently, it is a hotspot of concern and research to improve the postoperative quality of life of patients with rectal cancer through the protection of their urinary and reproductive functions after radical resection. Herein, this study systematically describes the anatomy of DVF and its application in surgery, thus providing a reference for the selection of surgical treatment modalities and the enhancement of postoperative quality of life in patients with middle and low rectal cancer.

Carbon footprint and embodied nutrition evaluation of 388 recipes.

Food consumption, which delivers fundamental energy and essential nutrients to human beings, is crucial for achieving a series of sustainable goals. Alongside rising population growth and living standards, there has been a significant increase in food cultivation demands, supply chain complexities, and waste management. Therefore, to protect human health and the environment, promoting sustainable food systems and the uptake of sustainable dietary habits are vital. Yet, information on the environmental and health impact of dietary choices remains inconsistent across multiple evaluation methods, which fail to deliver essential ideas to consumers. In this study, we formulate an integrated approach using Environmentally Extended Input-Output analysis, covering the food supply chain from production to the distribution phase, complemented with a hybrid Life Cycle Assessment for cooking and disposal processes, to quantify the carbon footprint of specific recipes. Our dataset also includes the distinct nutritional values of each recipe. This dataset not only informs the food industry and recipe platforms, enabling more sustainable choices, but also helps individuals balance nutritional value with environmental impact, leading to more informed and sustainable dietary decisions.

Research landscape and frontiers of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: a bibliometric and visual analysis.

Background: Due to the widespread prevalence of caloric excess and sedentary behavior on a global scale, there is a growing body of epidemiological evidence indicating that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has rapidly become a leading aetiology underlying of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In light of the escalating incidence of NASH-associated HCC (NASH-HCC), it is imperative to mitigate the impending burden. While there has been an increase in global awareness regarding this issue, it has yet to be examined from a bibliometric standpoint. Therefore, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to characterize the evolution of this field. Method: The present study utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to identify publications pertaining to NASH-HCC over the past 2 decades. Employing Vosviewer 1.6.19, CiteSpace 6.2.R2, and the Analysis Platform of Bibliometrics, the study conducted an analysis of various dimensions including the quantity of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, co-references, keywords, and trend topics in this field. Results: A comprehensive analysis of 3,679 publications pertaining to NASH-HCC, published between 1 January 2002 and 1 April 2023, was conducted. The field in question experienced a rapid increase in publications, with the United States serving as the central hub. Collaboration between institutions was more extensive than that between countries. Notably, HEPATOLOGY (n = 30,168) emerged as the most impactful journal, and Zobair M. Younossi (n = 10,025) as the most frequently cited author in co-citations. The most commonly cited references were KLEINER DE, 2005, HEPATOLOGY (n = 630), followed by YOUNOSSI ZM, 2016, HEPATOLOGY (n = 493). The author keywords were categorized into three distinct clusters, namely, Cluster 1 (Mechanism), Cluster 2 (Factors), and Cluster 3 (Diagnosis). Analysis of high-frequency co-occurring keywords and topical trends revealed emphasis on molecular mechanisms in current research. "macrophages" and "tumor microenvironment" were active research hotspots at present in this field. Conclusion: A bibliometric analysis was performed for the first time on publications pertaining to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-hepatocellular carcinoma, uncovering co-research networks, developmental trends, and current research hotspots. The emerging frontiers of this field focused on the macrophages and tumor microenvironment, especially the tumor-associated macrophages, offering a fresh perspective for future research directions.