Correlations between stress, anxiety and depression and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among outpatients with heart failure.

Aim To describe and investigate correlations among anxiety, stress and depression and identify their relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with heart failure. METHODS: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected, along with levels of anxiety, stress and depression from 309 outpatients. RESULTS: The mean levels of stress, anxiety and depression were correlated but low. Time since diagnosis, the disease's functional class, family income, and smoking influenced stress. Functional class and Chagas disease influenced anxiety and depression. Being unemployed and smoking influenced anxiety, while being a homeowner influenced depression. CONCLUSION: These findings should be considered when planning nursing interventions.

Anxiety, stress and depression in family members of patients with heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: Identifying the level of anxiety, stress and depression symptoms in family members of patients with heart failure; identifying the relationship between these feelings with sociodemographic and clinical variables. METHOD: A cross-sectional study carried out with 100 family members. Depression, anxiety, and stress were evaluated by the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories and the Perceived Stress Scale - 10. The relationship between feelings and variables was performed through the t-test, Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTS: Mean depression was 8.24, anxiety was 77.95, and stress was 17.43. The correlation coefficient between depression and anxiety and depression and stress was 0.53, and it was 0.66 between anxiety and stress. Females (p=0.002, p=0.031), smoking (p=0.05, p=0.011) and sedentary lifestyle (p=0.023, p=0.001) were related to anxiety and stress, respectively. Family income lower than five minimum wages (p=0.012) was related to depression, and regular/poor self-perceived health status related to the three feelings. CONCLUSION: Family members did not present high levels of these feelings. The scales were directly correlated with each one another and some variables were related to stress, anxiety and depression. OBJETIVO: Identificar o nível de ansiedade, estresse e sintomas de depressão de familiares de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca; identificar a relação entre esses sentimentos com as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal composto por 100 familiares. A depressão, a ansiedade e o estresse foram avaliados pelos Inventários de Depressão e Ansiedade de Beck e pela Escala de Estresse Percebido ‒ 10. A relação dos sentimentos com as variáveis foi realizada pelo teste t, Mann-Whitney ou Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: A média de depressão foi de 8,24, ansiedade, 7,95 e estresse, 17,43. O coeficiente de correlação entre depressão e ansiedade e depressão e estresse foi de 0,53 e de 0,66 entre ansiedade e estresse. Sexo feminino (p=0,002; p=0,031), tabagismo (p=0,05; p=0,011) e sedentarismo (p=0,023; p=0,001) se relacionaram com a ansiedade e estresse respectivamente. Renda familiar menor que cinco salários mínimos (p=0,012) se relacionou com a depressão, e autoavaliação de saúde regular/ruim se relacionou com os três sentimentos. CONCLUSÃO: Os familiares não apresentaram níveis elevados desses sentimentos. As escalas foram diretamente correlacionadas entre si e algumas variáveis se relacionaram com estresse, ansiedade e depressão.

Anxiety, stress and depression in family members of patients with heart failure / Ansiedad, estrés y depresión de familiares de pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca / Ansiedade, estresse e depressão de familiares de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca

Abstract OBJECTIVE Identifying the level of anxiety, stress and depression symptoms in family members of patients with heart failure; identifying the relationship between these feelings with sociodemographic and clinical variables. METHOD A cross-sectional study carried out with 100 family members. Depression, anxiety, and stress were evaluated by the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories and the Perceived Stress Scale - 10. The relationship between feelings and variables was performed through the t-test, Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTS Mean depression was 8.24, anxiety was 77.95, and stress was 17.43. The correlation coefficient between depression and anxiety and depression and stress was 0.53, and it was 0.66 between anxiety and stress. Females (p=0.002, p=0.031), smoking (p=0.05, p=0.011) and sedentary lifestyle (p=0.023, p=0.001) were related to anxiety and stress, respectively. Family income lower than five minimum wages (p=0.012) was related to depression, and regular/poor self-perceived health status related to the three feelings. CONCLUSION Family members did not present high levels of these feelings. The scales were directly correlated with each one another and some variables were related to stress, anxiety and depression.

Resumen OBJETIVO Identificar el nivel de ansiedad, estrés y síntomas de depresión de familiares de pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca; identificar la relación entre dichos sentimientos con las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. MÉTODO Estudio transversal compuesto de 100 familiares. La depresión, la ansiedad y el estrés fueron evaluados por los Inventarios de Depresión y Ansiedad de Beck y la Escala de Estrés Percibido ‒ 10. La relación de los sentimientos con las variables fue realizada por la prueba t, Mann-Whitney o Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS El promedio de depresión fue de 8,24, ansiedad, 7,95 y estrés, 17,43. El coeficiente de correlación entre depresión y ansiedad y depresión y estrés fue de 0,53 y de 0,66 entre ansiedad y estrés. Sexo femenino (p=0,002; p=0,031), tabaquismo (p=0,05; p=0,011) y sedentarismo (p=0,023; p=0,001) se relacionaron con ansiedad y estrés respectivamente. Renta familiar menor que cinco salarios mínimos (p=0,012) se relacionó con depresión, y autoevaluación de salud regular/mal se relacionó con los tres sentimientos. CONCLUSIÓN Los familiares no presentaron niveles elevados de esos sentimientos. Las escalas estuvieron directamente correlacionadas entre sí y algunas variables se relacionaron con estrés, ansiedad y depresión.

Resumo OBJETIVO Identificar o nível de ansiedade, estresse e sintomas de depressão de familiares de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca; identificar a relação entre esses sentimentos com as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. MÉTODO Estudo transversal composto por 100 familiares. A depressão, a ansiedade e o estresse foram avaliados pelos Inventários de Depressão e Ansiedade de Beck e pela Escala de Estresse Percebido ‒ 10. A relação dos sentimentos com as variáveis foi realizada pelo teste t, Mann-Whitney ou Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS A média de depressão foi de 8,24, ansiedade, 7,95 e estresse, 17,43. O coeficiente de correlação entre depressão e ansiedade e depressão e estresse foi de 0,53 e de 0,66 entre ansiedade e estresse. Sexo feminino (p=0,002; p=0,031), tabagismo (p=0,05; p=0,011) e sedentarismo (p=0,023; p=0,001) se relacionaram com a ansiedade e estresse respectivamente. Renda familiar menor que cinco salários mínimos (p=0,012) se relacionou com a depressão, e autoavaliação de saúde regular/ruim se relacionou com os três sentimentos. CONCLUSÃO Os familiares não apresentaram níveis elevados desses sentimentos. As escalas foram diretamente correlacionadas entre si e algumas variáveis se relacionaram com estresse, ansiedade e depressão.

Adherence to standard precaution in the peripheral vascular access.

This prospective and quantitative study was carried out in a small private general hospital, where the adherence to standard precaution in the peripheral vascular access was evaluated. The data were collected through a questionnaire aiming to characterize the nursing team's knowledge and opinion about standard precautions and the availability of materials. In addition, a systemized observation of the procedures of vein puncture and medicine administration was performed. It was identified that 84.4% of the punctures had been carried out without gloves or previous hand washing; in 29.7% of the procedures, needles were recapped and 93.2% of the professionals reported adequate material supply. Concluding, the professionals expose themselves and patients to unnecessary risks of infection. The nursing team must be the focus of continuous interventions and future actions in order to minimize the risk of infection in the procedure of peripheral vascular access.

Adherence to standard precaution in the peripheral vascular access

This prospective and quantitative study was carried out in a small private general hospital, where the adherence to standard precaution in the peripheral vascular access was evaluated. The data were collected through a questionnaire aiming to characterize the nursing team's knowledge and opinion about standard precautions and the availability of materials. In addition, a systemized observation of the procedures of vein puncture and medicine administration was performed. It was identified that 84.4 percent of the punctures had been carried out without gloves or previous hand washing; in 29.7 percent of the procedures, needles were recapped and 93.2 percent of the professionals reported adequate material supply. Concluding, the professionals expose themselves and patients to unnecessary risks of infection. The nursing team must be the focus of continuous interventions and future actions in order to minimize the risk of infection in the procedure of peripheral vascular access.

Estudio prospectivo, cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital general privado de poca complejidad, donde fue evaluado el seguimiento de las precauciones patrón para realizar inserción vascular periférica. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de un cuestionario, con el objetivo de determinar las características del conocimiento y de opinión del equipo de enfermería sobre los temas de adhesión, precauciones patrón, disponibilidad de materiales; y por observación sistémica de los procedimientos de punción venosa y administración de medicamentos. Se identificó que 84,4 por ciento de las punciones fueron realizadas sin guantes y sin lavado previo de manos, 29,7 por ciento de las veces hubo reutilización de agujas y 93,2 por ciento de los profesionales afirmó tener una adecuada cantidad de materiales. Se concluyó que los profesionales exponen a sus pacientes y a sí mismos a riesgos de infección innecesaria. El equipo de enfermería debe enfocar su intervención y actividades futuras con el objetivo de minimizar el riesgo de infección durante el procedimiento vascular periférico.

Estudo prospectivo, quantitativo, realizado num hospital geral privado de pequeno porte, onde foi avaliada a adesão às precauções padrão no acesso vascular periférico. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário, visando a caracterização do conhecimento e da opinião da equipe de enfermagem sobre os temas adesão às precauções padrão e a disponibilidade de materiais e por observação sistematizada dos procedimentos de punção venosa e administração de medicamentos. Identificou-se que 84,4 por cento das punções foram realizadas sem luvas e sem lavagem prévia das mãos 29,7 por cento das vezes houve reencape de agulhas e 93,2 por cento dos profissionais afirmou ser adequada a oferta de material. Conclui-se que os profissionais expõem a si próprios e os pacientes a riscos de infecção desnecessários. A equipe de enfermagem deve ser foco de intervenção e ações futuras visando minimizar o risco de infecção no procedimento de acesso vascular periférico.