RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after mRNA or adenoviral vector-based vaccines is weak in kidney transplant (KT) patients. However, few studies have focused on humoral response after inactivated virus-based vaccines in KT. Here, we compare antibody response following vaccination with inactivated virus (CoronaVac®) and BNT162b2 mRNA. METHODS: A national multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted. The study group was composed of patients from all KT centres in Uruguay, vaccinated between 1 and 31 May 2021 (CoronaVac®, n = 245 and BNT162b2, n = 39). The control group was constituted of 82 healthy individuals. Participants had no prior confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) test. Blood samples were collected between 30 and 40 days after the second dose. Serum-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein were determined using the COVID-19 IgG QUANT ELISA Kit. RESULTS: Only 29% of KT recipients showed seroconversion (36.5% BNT162b2, 27.8% inactivated virus, P = 0.248) in comparison with 100% in healthy control with either vaccine. Antibody levels against RBD were higher with BNT162b mRNA than with inactivated virus [median (interquartile range) 173 (73-554) and 29 (11-70) binding antibody units (BAU)/mL, P < 0.034] in KT and 10 times lower than healthy control [inactivated virus: 308 (209-335) and BNT162b2: 2638 (2608-3808) BAU/mL, P < 0.034]. In multivariate analysis, variables associated with negative humoral response were age, triple immunosuppression, estimated glomerular filtration rate and time post-KT. CONCLUSION: Seroconversion was low in KT patients after vaccination with both platforms. Antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 were lower with inactivated virus than BNT162b mRNA. These findings support the need for strategies to improve immunogenicity in KT recipients after two doses of either vaccine.
RESUMO
Introducción: las infecciones bacterianas en los receptores de trasplante renal (TR) y reno-páncreas (TRP) son frecuentes y constituyen una de las principales causas de muerte eneste grupo de pacientes. Es imperativo identificar el perfil de estos microorganismos para realizar un mejor abordaje terapéutico empírico.Objetivo: conocer la etiología y las características de las infeccionesbacterianas tanto a nivel comunitario como nosocomial en un grupo de pacientes que recibieron TR y TRP, y fueron asistidos en el Hospital de Clínicas entre noviembre de 1987 y noviembre de 2010. Material y método: estudio retrospectivo de la evolución detodos los pacientes con TR y TRP que ingresados al Hospital de Clínicas hayan presentado por lo menos un episodio infeccioso de etiología bacteriana, sea comunitaria o nosocomial. Se definió como microorganismo multirresistente (MO-MR) si se trató de un SAMR, EVR o un BGN resistente por lo menos a tres grupos de antimicrobianos. Resultados: en el período de estudio, 122 pacientes recibieron un TR o TRP (seis pacientes fueron trasplantados en un centro diferente al Hospital de Clínicas). De aquellos, 64 (52,5%) desarrollaron por lo menos un episodio de infección bacteriana; 34 de sexo femenino (53,1%), con una edad media de 37,7 ± 11,4 años. Treinta y nueve recibieron un TR (60,1%) y 25 (39,1%) un TRP. La mediana de seguimiento fue de cinco meses (P25 = 1, P75 = 25). Hubo 138 episodios de infección bacteriana (2,07 episodios/paciente), de los cuales 76 fueron comunitarias y 62 nosocomiales. El foco más frecuente en ambos fue urinario (63,2% y 53,2%, respectivamente), seguido del respiratorio en las comunitarias (13%). El microorganismo predominante fue E. coli, seguido de Klebsiella spp. y Enterococcus spp. De un total de 103 microorganismos aislados 46 (44,7%) presentaron multirresistencia (con Klebsiella spp. y Acinetobacter baumannii como agentes más frecuentes)...
Introduction: bacterial infections in kidney (KTX) and kidney-pancreas transplant (KPTX) recipients are frequent and constitute one of the leading causes of death in this group of patients. The profile of these microorgapatients with KTX and KPTX who were admitted at the Clinicas Hospital and presented at least one bacterial etiology infection episode, community and hospital-acquired.A multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganism was defined if it were resistant to MRSA,VREor a gramnegative bacilli resistant to at least three groups of antimicrobial agents.Results: during the period of study 122 patients receivedKTXorKPTX(six patientswere transplanted in a centerdifferent form the Clinicas Hospital). Out of these patients, 64 (52.5%) developed at least one bacterial infectionepisode; 34 of them were women (53.1%), average age was 37.7± 11.4 years old. Thirty nine patients receivedKTX (60.1%) and 25 (39.1%) KPTX. Median follow up was fivemonths (P25 = 1, P75 = 25). There were 138 bacterial infection episodes (2.07 episodes/patient), 76 of which were community acquired and 62 were hospital acquired. In both cases, themost frequent center of infectionwas the urinary system (63.2% and 53.2% respectively), followed respiratory infections in the community acquired infections (13%). E. coli was the predominant microorganism,followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enterococcus spp. Out of 103 microorganisms isolated, 46 (44.7%) evidencedmultidrug-resistance - Klebsiella spp. and Acinetobacterbaumannii being the most frequent agents)...
Introdução: as infecções bacterianas em receptores de transplante renal (TR) e reno-pancreáticos (TRP) são frequentes sendo uma das principais causas de mortneste grupo de pacientes. É fundamental identificar o perfil destes micro-organismos para uma melhor abordagemterapêutica empírica. Objetivo: conhecer a etiologia e as característicasdas infecções bacterianas tanto comunitárias como hospitalaresem um grupo de pacientes que receberam TR e TRP, e que foram atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas noperíodo novembro 1987 - novembro 2010. Material e método: estudo retrospectivo da evolução de todos os pacientes com TR e TRP que internadosno Hospital das Clínicas apresentaram ao menosumepisodio infeccioso de etiologia bacteriana comunitária ouhospitalar. Definiu-se como micro-organismo multirresistente (MO-MR) quando se tratava de um SAMR, EVR ou um BGN resistente ao menos a três grupos de antimicrobianos. Resultados: no período estudado, 122 pacientes receberamumTRouTRP(seis pacientes foram transplantados emumcentro diferente ao doHospital das Clínicas).Do total de pacientes, 64 (52,5%) apresentaram ao menos um episodio de infecção bacteriana; 34 de sexo feminino(53,1%), commédia de idade de 37,7 ± 11,4 anos. Trinta e nove receberam um TR (60,1%) e 25 (39,1%) umTRP. Amediana do seguimento foi de cincomeses (P25 = 1, P75 = 25). Foram registrados 138 episódios de infecção bacteriana (2,07 episódios/paciente), dos quais 76 foram de origem comunitária e 62 hospitalares. Emambos os grupos o foco mais frequente foi urinário (63,2% e 53,2%, respectivamente), seguido do respiratório da comunidade (13%). Omicro-organismo predominante foi E. coli, seguido por Klebsiella spp. e Enterococcus spp. Do total de 103 micro-organismos isolados 46 (44,7%) apresentaram multirresistencia(sendo Klebsiella spp. e Acinetobacter baumannii os agentes mais frequentes)...