From the laboratory to the field: how to mitigate pregnancy losses in embryo transfer programs?

Pregnancy losses negatively affect the cattle industry, impacting economic indices and consequently the entire production chain. Early embryonic failure has been an important challenge in the embryo industry because proper identification of embryo death at the beginning of gestation is difficult. This review aimed to provide a better understanding on reproductive failure and the relationship between early embryonic loss and different reproductive biotechniques. This review also considers insights and possible strategies for reducing early embryonic loss. The strategies addressed are as follows: i) great impact of rigorous embryo evaluation on reducing embryo losses; ii) selection of recipients at the time of transfer, taking into account health and nutritional status, and classification of the corpus luteum using ultrasound, either in area or vascularization; and iii) paternal effect as one of the factors that contribute to pregnancy losses, with a focus on embryo transfer.

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles in an animal model of chronic wound induced with Resiquimod.

Cost-effective strategies for the treatment of chronic wounds must be developed. The green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) it is possible to guarantee a lower toxicity in biological tissues and greater safety of applicability, in addition to adding the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) to those of extracts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of treatment with biosynthesized GNPs in a chronic wound model. Wistar rats were distributed into 7 groups: Acute Wound (AW); Chronic wound (CW); CW + GNPs-Açaí; CW + GNPs-DB; CW + AV-GNPs; CW + SafGel®; CW + 660 nm laser. The chronic injury model was induced with topically applied Resiquimod for 6 days. Treatments were then initated on the fourteenth day after the last application of Resiquimod and carried out daily for ten days. The proposed therapies with GNPs were able to significantly reduce the inflammatory score and increase the rate of wound contraction. In histology, there was a reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate and increased gene expression of fibronectin and type III collagen, mainly in the CW + AV-GNPs group. The therapies were able to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, and reduce oxidative stress. The results demonstrated that the effects of GNPs appear to complement those of the extracts, thereby enhancing the tissue repair process.

Environmental Markers of Plastics and Microplastics.

The slow reaction rates to chemical and photochemical degradation are well-known properties of plastics. However, large plastic surfaces exposed to environmental conditions release particles and compounds that affect ecosystems and human health. The aim of this work was to identify compounds associated with the degradation of polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics (markers) on silica and sand and evaluate their use to screen microplastics on natural sand. Products were identified by using targeted and untargeted LC-HRMS analysis. All polymers underwent chemical oxidation on silica. PE released dicarboxylic acids (HO2C-(CH2)n-CO2H (n = 4-30), while PS released cis/trans-chalcone, trans-dypnone, 3-phenylpropiophenone, and dibenzoylmethane. PVC released dicarboxylic acids and aromatic compounds. Upon irradiation, PE was stable while PS released the same compounds as under chemical oxidation but at lower yields. Under the above condition, PVC generated HO2C-[CH2-CHCl]n-CH2-CO2H and HO2C-[CH2-CHCl]n-CO2H (n = 2-19) dicarboxylic acids. The same products were detected on sand but at a lower concentration than on silica due to better retention within the pores. Detection of markers of PE and PS on natural sand allowed us to screen microplastics by following a targeted analysis. Markers of PVC were not detected before or after thermal/photo-oxidation due to the low release of compounds and limitations associated with surface exposure/penetration of radiation.

Design of Liquid Formulation Based on F127-Loaded Natural Dimeric Flavonoids as a New Perspective Treatment for Leishmaniasis.

Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (IPD) remain a challenge for medicine due to several interconnected reasons, such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an overlooked IPD causing persistent skin ulcers that are challenging to heal, resulting in disfiguring scars. Moreover, it has the potential to extend from the skin to the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat in both humans and various animals. Given the limited effectiveness and AMR of current drugs, the exploration of new substances has emerged as a promising alternative for ATL treatment. Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC). Bureau is a native Brazilian plant rich in dimeric flavonoids, including Brachydin (BRA), which displays antimicrobial activity, but still little has been explored regarding the development of therapeutic formulations. In this work, we present the design of a low-cost liquid formulation based on the use of Pluronic F127 for encapsulation of high BRA concentration (LF-B500). The characterization techniques revealed that BRA-loaded F127 micelles are well-stabilized in an unusual worm-like form. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that LF-B500 was non-toxic to macrophages but efficient in the inactivation of forms of Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes with IC50 of 16.06 µg/mL. The results demonstrated that LF-B500 opened a new perspective on the use of liquid formulation-based natural products for ATL treatment.

IL-1ß Antagonist Receptor Peptide Associated with Photobiomodulation Accelerates Diabetic Wound Tissue Repair.

Chronic hyperglycemia caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) slows down the healing process due to prolonged inflammation which impedes the regeneration progression. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is considered a non-pharmacological intervention and has anti-inflammatory and biostimulatory effects that accelerate the healing process. Currently found IL-1ß inhibitors are difficult to implement due to their cytotoxic potential, excessive amounts, and invasive administration, and therefore, the application of this peptide in diabetic wounds represents a promising intervention to help resolve the inflammatory response. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an IL-1ß inhibitor molecule associated with PBM irradiation in a model of epithelial injury in diabetic mice. After the induction of the DM model with streptozotocin (STZ), the skin lesion model was implemented through surgical excision. Sixty C57BL/6 mice divided into five experimental groups (n = 12) were used: excisional wound (EW), DM + EW, DM + EW + DAP 1-2 (inhibitor peptide), DM + EW + PBM, and DM + EW + PBM + DAP 1-2. Treatment started 12 h after wound induction and was performed daily for 5 days. Twenty-four hours after the last application, the animals were euthanized and the outer edge of the wound was removed. The results obtained demonstrate that the DM + EW + PBM + DAP 1-2 group caused a reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines, and an increase in TGF-ß and maintenance of the cellular redox state with a consequent reduction in levels of inflammatory infiltrate and concomitant stimulation of type III collagen gene expression, as well as a decrease in the size of the wound in square centimeter 6 days after the injury. Only the combination of therapies was able to favor the process of tissue regeneration due to the development of an approach capable of acting at different stages of the regenerative process, through the mechanisms of action of interventions on the inflammatory process by avoiding its stagnation and stimulating progression of regeneration.

Analgesia neuroaxial no trabalho de parto: efeitos sobre desfechos maternos e neonatais / Anestesia neuroaxial en el trabajo de parto: efectos sobre desenlaces maternos y neonatales / Neuroaxial analgesia in labor: effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes

Resumo Objetivo Comparar os desfechos maternos e neonatais de mulheres que usaram e não usaram analgesia neuroaxial durante o trabalho de parto. Métodos Estudo transversal comparativo, documental, com coleta retrospectiva de dados, realizado em uma maternidade terciária de referência no Ceará. O tamanho da amostra foi calculado pela diferença entre duas proporções: partos vaginais com e sem analgesia, sendo 130 mulheres para cada grupo, totalizando 260 prontuários. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre julho de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020. Foram usados os testes t de Student, U de Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado de Pearson, exato de Fisher e o programa IBM SPSS. Resultados O grupo com analgesia apresentou maior média de consultas pré-natal (8,24; p<0,001), maior exposição à indução (74; 56,9%; p<0,001), com uso de ocitocina (57; 43,8%; p<0,001), maior duração do trabalho de parto ativo (média: 392 min; p<0,001) e do período expulsivo (média: 85,3 min; p<0,001), maior frequência de episiotomia (7; 7,9%; p=0,03), de parto cesárea (41; 31,5%; p<0,001), e pariram bebês mais pesados (média: 3,28 kg; p=0,007). Conclusão O uso de analgesia está associado à maior frequência de intervenções obstétricas, bem como ao aumento na duração do trabalho de parto. Quanto aos desfechos neonatais, o grupo com analgesia pariu recém-nascidos mais pesados; além disso, não foi observada associação com o escore de Apgar, nem encaminhamentos para unidades de risco.

Resumen Objetivo Comparar los desenlaces maternos y neonatales de mujeres que recibieron anestesia neuroaxial durante el trabajo de parto y las que no recibieron. Métodos Estudio transversal comparativo, documental, con recopilación retrospectiva de datos, realizado en una maternidad de tercer nivel de referencia en el estado de Ceará. El tamaño de la muestra se calculó mediante la diferencia entre dos proporciones: partos vaginales con y sin anestesia, con 130 mujeres en cada grupo, 260 historias clínicas en total. La recopilación de datos se realizó entre julio de 2019 y febrero de 2020. Se utilizaron las pruebas t de Student, U de Mann-Whitney, ji cuadrado de Pearson, exacto de Fisher y el programa IBM SPSS. Resultados El grupo con anestesia presentó un mayor promedio de consultas prenatales (8,24; p<0,001), una mayor exposición a la inducción (74; 56,9 %; p<0,001), con uso de oxitocina (57; 43,8 %; p<0,001), una duración mayor del trabajo de parto activo (promedio: 392 min; p<0,001) y del período expulsivo (promedio: 85,3 min; p<0,001), una mayor frecuencia de episiotomía (7; 7,9 %; p=0,03), de parto por cesárea (41; 31,5 %; p<0,001), y parieron bebés más pesados (promedio: 3,28 kg; p=0,007). Conclusión El uso de anestesia está asociado a una mayor frecuencia de intervenciones obstétricas, así como también al aumento de la duración del trabajo de parto. Respecto a los desenlaces neonatales, el grupo con anestesia parió recién nacidos más pesados. Además, no se observó relación con el puntaje de Apgar, ni derivaciones a unidades de riesgo.

Abstract Objective To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of women who used and did not use neuraxial analgesia during labor. Methods A cross-sectional, comparative, documentary study, with retrospective data collection, carried out at a tertiary reference maternity hospital in Ceará. Sample size was calculated by the difference between two proportions: vaginal births with and without analgesia, with 130 women for each group, totaling 260 medical records. Data collection took place between July 2019 and February 2020. Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the IBM SPSS program were used. Results The group with analgesia had a higher mean number of prenatal consultations (8.24; p<0.001), greater exposure to induction (74; 56.9%; p<0.001), with use of oxytocin (57; 43.8%; p<0.001), longer duration of active labor (mean: 392 min; p<0.001) and expulsive period (mean: 85.3 min; p<0.001), higher frequency of episiotomy (7; 7.9%; p=0.03), by cesarean section (41; 31.5%; p<0.001), and heavier babies were born (mean: 3.28 kg; p=0.007). Conclusion The use of analgesia is associated with a greater frequency of obstetric interventions as well as an increase in the duration of labor. Regarding neonatal outcomes, the group with analgesia gave birth to heavier newborns; Furthermore, no association was observed with the Apgar score, nor referrals to high-risk units.

Efficacy of an educational manual on the support provided by companions in an obstetric center: a randomized clinical trial / Oeficacia de un manual educativo en el apoyo proporcionado por acompañantes en un centro de obstetricia: ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Eficácia de manual educativo no apoio prestado por acompanhantes em centro obstétrico: ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational manual on the support provided by companions during the labor process in an obstetric center. Method: a Randomized Clinical Trial conducted with 248 participants, comprising 124 companions and 124 puerperal women. The study took place between November 2018 and October 2019 at an obstetric center in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The Companion Characterization Form, the Support Evaluation Form, and the Postpartum Woman's Labor Experience and Satisfaction Evaluation Form were used. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical program. Chi-square and Fisher tests were employed, as well as the Mann-Whitney test. The Relative Risk (RR) and the 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated for the main dependent variables. Results: it was evident that the companions from the Intervention Group were more likely to engage in physical, emotional, informational and advocacy/intermediation support actions, with a statistically significant difference observed in all support dimensions when comparing both groups. The companions from the Intervention Group performed more support actions (20 vs 6; p:0.001) and rated the experience of accompanying the birth more favorably (100.0 vs 74.2; p:0.001). It was identified that the puerperal women accompanied by participants from the Intervention Group were more likely to express satisfaction with how the labor process took place. Conclusion: the intervention applied in the maternity unit using an educational manual aimed at parturients' companions is effective and contributes to providing support during childbirth.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de un manual educativo en el apoyo proporcionado por acompañantes durante el proceso de parto en un centro obstétrico. Método: Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado realizado con 248 participantes: 124 acompañantes y 124 puérperas. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre noviembre de 2018 y octubre de 2019 en un centro obstétrico de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Se utilizó un Formulario de caracterización del acompañante; un Formulario para evaluar el apoyo proporcionado y un Formulario para evaluar la experiencia y satisfacción de las puérperas con el trabajo de parto. Los datos se analizaron en el programa estadístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Se emplearon las pruebas de chi-cuadrado y Fisher y la de Mann-Whitney. Se calculó el Riesgo Relativo (RR) y el Intervalo de Confianza (IC) del 95% para las principales variables dependientes Resultados: se evidenció que los acompañantes del Grupo Intervención fueron más propensos a desarrollar acciones de apoyo físico, emocional, informativo y de soporte/intermediación, verificándose una diferencia estadística significativa en todas las dimensiones de apoyo al comparar ambos grupos. Los acompañantes del Grupo Intervención realizaron más acciones de apoyo (20 vs 6; p:0,001) y evaluaron de mejor manera la experiencia de estar presentes en el parto (100,0 vs 74,2; p:0,001). Se determinó que las puérperas acompañadas por participantes del Grupo Intervención fueron más propensas a mostrarse satisfechas con la forma en la que se desarrolló el trabajo de parto. Conclusión: la intervención que se aplicó en la maternidad empleando el manual educativo y direccionada a acompañantes de parturientas es efectiva y ayuda a proporcionar apoyo durante el parto.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um manual educativo no apoio prestado por acompanhantes durante o processo parturitivo em um centro obstétrico. Método: Ensaio Clínico Randomizado realizado com 248 participantes, sendo 124 acompanhantes e 124 puérperas. O estudo foi realizado em centro obstétrico em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, entre os meses de novembro de 2018 a outubro de 2019. Utilizou-se o Formulário de caracterização do acompanhante; Formulário de avaliação do apoio prestado; e Formulário de avaliação da experiência e satisfação da puérpera com o trabalho de parto. Os dados foram analisados no programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado e Fisher e o teste de Mann-Whitney. O Risco Relativo (RR) e o Intervalo de Confiança (IC) de 95% foram calculados para as principais variáveis dependentes Resultados: Evidenciou-se que acompanhantes do grupo intervenção tiveram mais probabilidade de desenvolver ações de apoio físico, emocional, informacional e advocacia/intermediação, verificando-se diferença estatística significativa em todas as dimensões de apoio quando comparados os dois grupos. Acompanhantes do grupo intervenção realizaram um maior número de ações de apoio (20 vs 6; p:0,001) e melhor avaliaram a experiência de acompanhar o parto (100,0 vs 74,2; p:0,001). Identificou-se que puérperas acompanhadas por participantes do grupo intervenção foram mais propícias a demonstrar satisfação com a forma como ocorreu o trabalho de parto. Conclusão: A intervenção aplicada na maternidade com uso de manual educativo direcionada a acompanhantes de parturientes é efetiva e contribui para a prestação de apoio durante o parto.

A descaracterização da política de financiamento da CT& I: uma análise do FNDCT / La descaracterización de la política de financiación de CT& I: un análisis del FNDCT / The mischaracterization of the ST& I funding policy: an analysis of the Brazilian Fund for the Development of Science and Technology

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar criticamente os mecanismos que desidratam o Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (FNDCT), debilitando-o na sua função de promover o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Os dados foram extraídos das bases do sistema integrado de orçamento e planejamento (SIOP) e do relatório de execução orçamentária, entre 2012 e 2021, disponibilizados pela financiadora de estudos e projetos (FINEP). Os resultados da investigação apontam que, do ponto de vista quantitativo, há um processo de desidratação, por mecanismos como a desvinculação de receitas da união (DRU), a formulação do projeto de lei orçamentária anual (PLOA) e as reservas de contingência. Do lado qualitativo, há descompasso entre a promessa de uma política arrojada e inovadora e uma estrutura de governança centralizada e burocrática. Os fundos setoriais não enfrentam problemas de arrecadação, mas a gestão centralizada e subserviente a políticas fiscais de austeridade leva a uma execução orçamentária quantitativamente insuficiente e qualitativamente pobre em diversificação, quadro que descaracteriza a política de financiamento de ciência, tecnologia e inovação (CT&I), deixando de cumprir a promessa de desenvolvimento via inovação.

Resumen Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar críticamente los mecanismos que deshidratan el fondo nacional de desarrollo científico y tecnológico (FNDCT), debilitándolo en su función de promover el desarrollo económico y social. Los datos fueron extraídos de las bases del sistema integrado de planificación y presupuesto y del informe de ejecución presupuestaria entre 2012 y 2021, puestos a disposición por la financiadora de estudios y proyectos. Los resultados de la investigación indican que, desde el punto de vista cuantitativo, existe un proceso de deshidratación, a través de mecanismos como la Desvinculación de Ingresos de la Unión Federal, la formulación del proyecto de ley presupuestaria anual y las reservas de contingencia. En el aspecto cualitativo, existe un desajuste entre la promesa de una política audaz e innovadora y una estructura de gobierno centralizada y burocrática. Los fondos sectoriales no enfrentan, en promedio, problemas de recaudación, pero la gestión centralizada supeditada a políticas fiscales de austeridad conduce a una ejecución presupuestaria cuantitativamente insuficiente y cualitativamente pobre en términos de diversificación, situación que descaracteriza la política de financiamiento para la ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CT&I), incumpliendo con la promesa de desarrollo a través de la innovación.

Abstract This study aims to critically analyze the mechanisms that depletethe Brazilian fund for the development of science and technology (FNDCT), jeopardizing its ability to promote economic and social development. Data were extracted from the integrated budget and planning system (SIOP) bases and the budget execution report between 2012 and 2021, made available by the Brazilian funding agency FINEP. The quantitative results indicate a process of "dehydration" due to changes such as the regulation that allows the executive to redirect resources previously earmarked for the fund (called DRU), the formulation of the legislation on the annual budget (PLOA) and the contingency reserves. The qualitative analysis shows a mismatch between the promise of a bold and innovative science and technology policy and a centralized and bureaucratic governance structure. Sectoral funds do not face, on average, problems in raising resources. However, the centralized management subservient to fiscal austerity policies leads to quantitative insufficient budget execution and qualitatively poor diversification. As outcomes, this situation mischaracterizes the ST&I funding policy, failing to comply with the promise of development through innovation.

Possible role of ALDH1 and CD44 in lip carcinogenesis.

BACKGROUND: Lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) accounts for 12% of all head and neck cancers. It is caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet light solar radiation and related to previous actinic cheilitis (AC). This study aimed to investigate the immunostaining of the putative cancer stem cells (CSC) markers ALDH1 and CD44 in AC (n=30) and LSCC (n=20). ALDH1 positivity was found to be statistically higher in LSCC than in AC lesions (p=0.0045), whilst CD44 expression was statistically higher in AC than in LSCC lesions (p=0.0155). ALDH1+ cells in AC lesions were associated with specific clinical features: a younger age (<60 years old), the female gender, white skin, not smoking or consuming alcohol, and a fast evolution, and not associated with the chronic exposure to UV radiation (p<0.0001). CD44 positivity was associated with patients who were male, feoderm, smoked, consumed alcohol, underwent occupational exposure to UV-radiation, and demonstrated lesions with log-time evolution (p<0.0001). ALDH1 + cells were associated with mild dysplasia using a system from the World Health Organization (WHO), and with a low risk of malignant transformation, according to the binary system (p<0.0001). CD44+ cells were also associated with moderated dysplasia, according to the WHO system. In LSCC, ALDH1 + cells were positively associated with patients who were older (≥ 60 years old), smokers, and with those who consumed alcohol (p<0.0001). CD44 + cells in LSCC were associated with older (≥ 60 years old) patients as well, but also with female patients, white skin, non-smokers, and individuals who did not consume alcohol (p<0.0001), all of whom showed distinct patterns in pre- and malignant lesions of both markers. Additionally, in LSCC, both ALDH1 and CD44 staining were associated with smaller tumor sizes (T1/T2; p<0.0001). In summary, although both ALDH1 and CD44 were associated with the presence of dysplasia in AC lesions, the present findings suggest that ALDH1 and CD44 may be activated by different etiopathogenic pathways, predominantly in distinct steps of oral carcinogenesis. CD44 would thus be more significantly related to the potentially malignant lesion, while ALDH1 would be closely linked to malignancy.

Efeitos de curso onlineno conhecimento de jovens sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: estudo quase-experimental / Effects of an online course on young people's knowledge about sexually transmitted infections: quasi-experimental study

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de curso online no conhecimento de jovens sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Métodos: Estudo quase-experimental dividido em cinco etapas: planejamento do curso; divulgação; recrutamento, assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e pré-teste; implementação do curso; aplicação do pós-teste. A amostra foi constituída por 165 participantes. Os dados foram colhidos no Google Forms®ï¸, organizados no Google Sheets®ï¸e analisados no Jamovi®ï¸. Utilizou-se o teste de McNemar para comparação dos grupos. Resultados: A idade média dos participantes foi de 24,6 anos. Constatou-se diferença estatisticamente significante no conhecimento dos participantes antes e após a intervenção no que se refere ao tratamento e à transmissão vertical do HIV. No tocante às práticas sexuais, observaram-se diferenças nas frequências de acertos nas questões, sobretudo na realização do teste rápido para HIV. Conclusão: O curso online foi efetivo para aumentar a frequência de respostas adequadas de conhecimento e prática dos jovens após a intervenção.Descritores:Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis; Tecnologia da Informação; Prevenção de Doenças.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of online course on the knowledge of young people about sexually transmitted infections.Method: Quasi-experimental study divided into 5 stages: course planning; dissemination; recruitment, signing of informed consent form and pre-test; course implementation; post-test application. The sample consisted of 203 participants. Data were collecte in Google Forms®ï¸, organized in Google Sheets®ï¸and analyzed in Jamovi®ï¸. McNemar's test was used to compare the groups. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.6 years. There was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge of the participants before and after the intervention regarding the treatment and vertical transmission of HIV. Regarding sexual practices, there were differences in the frequencies of correct answers in the questions, especially in the performance of the rapid test for HIV.Conclusion: The online course was effective in increasing the frequency of adequate responses of knowledge and practice of young people after the intervention.Descriptors:Sexually Transmitted Infections; Information Technology; Disease Prevention

Utilização das boas práticas no parto e experiência e satisfação materna / Using good delivery practices and maternal experience and satisfaction

Objetivo: Descrever a utilização das boas práticas de atenção ao parto e nascimento e o grau de satisfação e experiência de puérperas com o parto. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado no período de julho de 2017 a janeiro de 2018, em uma maternidade de referência em Fortaleza, Ceará. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se o Questionário de Experiência e Satisfação com o Parto e questionário para avaliação dos dados sociodemográficos e obstétricos. Os dados foram analisados no softwareStatistical Package for the Social Science. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Participaram 237 puérperas com média de idade de 26 anos. 168 (70,9%) mulheres estiveram bastante satisfeitas com a estrutura da instituição, 119 (50,2%) com os cuidados profissionais prestados e 160 (67,5%) com o trabalho de parto e parto. Dentre os fatores que estiveram associados à experiência positiva com o parto, destaca-se a realização do contato pele a pele, o estímulo ao aleitamento materno e a utilização dos métodos não farmacológicos de alívio da dor. Conclusão: Para uma experiência mais positiva de parto, ressalta-se a importância de abordagens mais humanizadas que incentivem práticas como contato pele a pele e início precoce do aleitamento materno, além de garantir que profissionais de saúde forneçam cuidados holísticos. Descritores: Satisfação do Paciente; Enfermagem Obstétrica; Trabalho de Parto; PartoNormal; PartoHumanizado.

Objective:To describe the use of good practices in delivery and childbirth care and the satisfaction levels and experiences of puerperal women with their deliveries.Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted from July 2017 to January 2018 in a reference maternity hospital from Fortaleza, Ceará. The Childbirth Experience and Satisfaction Questionnaire and another one to assess the sociodemographic and obstetric data were used for data collection. The data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Science. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results:The participants were 237 puerperal women with a mean age of 26 years old. 168 (70.9%) women were quite satisfied with the institution's structure, 119 (50.2%) with the professional care provided, and 160 (67.5%) with labor and delivery. Among the factors that were associated with positive experiences with delivery, the most important are skin-to-skin contact, stimulating breastfeeding, and using non-pharmacological pain relief methods. Conclusion: For a more positive experience with delivery, it is worth emphasizing the importance of more humanized approaches that encourage practices such as skin-to-skin contact and early breastfeeding initiation, as well as ensuring that health professionals provide holistic care. Descriptors:Patient Satisfaction; Obstetric Nursing; Labor. Normal Delivery; Humanized Delivery.

Analysis of pulmonary function in post-Covid-19 patients at a university hospital / Análise da função pulmonar de pacientes com síndrome pós-covid-19 em um hospital universitário

Objective: Evaluate the spirometry pattern of patients who persisted with respiratory symptoms after infection with SARS-Cov-2. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study in a single center, approved by the local Ethics Committee (registration number: 5,120,720). Patients who underwent spirometry due to Post-Covid Syndrome were evaluated to analyze the spirometric pattern presented. The following were collected: exam identification data, sex, age, symptom time, the need for mechanical ventilation, and quality of spirometry, in addition to the following exam parameters: FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEV 25-75/FVC, and FEV 75, evaluating the Lower Limit of Normality, pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator values. Results: Data from 72 patients were collected. Of these, 55.5% of patients had spirometry results within normal limits. The most frequent respiratory alteration was obstructive respiratory disorder, present in 29.2% of the patients. Conclusions: The presence of dyspnea in patients with normal spirometry may indicate further evaluation of lung function and other etiologies for dyspnea (AU).

Objetivo: Avaliar o padrão de espirometria de pacientes que persistiram com sintomas respiratórios após a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudo transversal, observacional e retrospectivo realizado em um único centro, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética local (número do parecer: 5.120.720). Foram avaliados pacientes submetidos a espirometria devido à Síndrome Pós-Covid, a fim de analisar o padrão espirométrico apresentado. Os seguintes dados foram coletados: identificação do exame, sexo, idade, tempo de sintomas, necessidade de ventilação mecânica, qualidade da espirometria, além dos seguintes parâmetros do exame: CVF, VEF1, VEF1/CVF, VEF 25-75/CVF e VEF 75, avaliando o Limite Inferior da Normalidade, valores pré-broncodilatador e pós-broncodilatador. Resultados: Foram coletados dados de 72 pacientes. Destes, 55,5% apresentaram resultados espirométricos dentro dos limites normais. A alteração respiratória mais frequente foi o distúrbio ventilatório obstrutivo, presente em 29,2% dos pa-cientes. Conclusões: A presença de dispneia em pacientes com espirometria dentro da normalidade pode indicar uma avaliação adicional da função pulmonar, assim como outras etiologias para a dispneia (AU).

Living in the sunlight: micro-environments with higher exposure of sunlight have more abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest fragment

ABSTRACT Tropical forests are three-dimensional with the presence of numerous micro-environments formed by horizontal and vertical gradients. Such micro-environments can affect the nesting preference of organisms, including the trap-nesting Hymenoptera. Bees and wasps are key elements in ecosystems and are considered as sensitive to environmental changes, and trap-nests sampling methodology is widely used in their ecological and conservation studies. However, many uncertainties remain about nesting site preferences. From this perspective, our aim is to assess the diversity descriptors of trap-nesting Hymenoptera in different micro-environments. The sampling was conducted on three micro-environments (canopy, understory and treefall gaps) replicated on ten permanent plots within a Brazilian Atlantic forest hotspot. In each micro-environment, we installed trap-nest stations made by a set of twenty bamboo artificial nests. We found 762 brood cells from ten wasp and five bee species. The rarefaction curves indicate the lower species richness in understory stations, while treefall gaps and canopy stations were not significantly different. We analyzed abundance, mortality and parasitism rates using generalized linear models, but only abundance varies significantly among micro-environments. Our data indicates that trap-nesting Hymenoptera prefer to nest in micro-environments with higher exposure of sunlight. Canopy and treefall gap assemblages are consistently more abundant and diverse than understory probably due the higher temperature and lower humidity. On the other hand, mortality, parasitism rates, and the species composition were similar among environments. Our hypothesis is that the species composition was not affected as these species have a foraging range that encompasses nearby micro-environments.

Possible role of ALDH1 and CD44 in lip carcinogenesis

Abstract Lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) accounts for 12% of all head and neck cancers. It is caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet light solar radiation and related to previous actinic cheilitis (AC). This study aimed to investigate the immunostaining of the putative cancer stem cells (CSC) markers ALDH1 and CD44 in AC (n=30) and LSCC (n=20). ALDH1 positivity was found to be statistically higher in LSCC than in AC lesions (p=0.0045), whilst CD44 expression was statistically higher in AC than in LSCC lesions (p=0.0155). ALDH1+ cells in AC lesions were associated with specific clinical features: a younger age (<60 years old), the female gender, white skin, not smoking or consuming alcohol, and a fast evolution, and not associated with the chronic exposure to UV radiation (p<0.0001). CD44 positivity was associated with patients who were male, feoderm, smoked, consumed alcohol, underwent occupational exposure to UV-radiation, and demonstrated lesions with log-time evolution (p<0.0001). ALDH1 + cells were associated with mild dysplasia using a system from the World Health Organization (WHO), and with a low risk of malignant transformation, according to the binary system (p<0.0001). CD44+ cells were also associated with moderated dysplasia, according to the WHO system. In LSCC, ALDH1 + cells were positively associated with patients who were older (≥ 60 years old), smokers, and with those who consumed alcohol (p<0.0001). CD44 + cells in LSCC were associated with older (≥ 60 years old) patients as well, but also with female patients, white skin, non-smokers, and individuals who did not consume alcohol (p<0.0001), all of whom showed distinct patterns in pre- and malignant lesions of both markers. Additionally, in LSCC, both ALDH1 and CD44 staining were associated with smaller tumor sizes (T1/T2; p<0.0001). In summary, although both ALDH1 and CD44 were associated with the presence of dysplasia in AC lesions, the present findings suggest that ALDH1 and CD44 may be activated by different etiopathogenic pathways, predominantly in distinct steps of oral carcinogenesis. CD44 would thus be more significantly related to the potentially malignant lesion, while ALDH1 would be closely linked to malignancy.

Lacunas da assistência pré-natal que influenciam na mortalidade materna: uma revisão integrativa / Gaps in prenatal care that influence maternal mortality: an integrative review / Brechas en la atención prenatal que influyen en la mortalidad materna: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: Identificar os aspectos sociodemográficos e as principais lacunas da assistência pré-natal que podem influenciar na saúde materna. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada entre maio e agosto de 2020 nas bases de dados MEDLINE, SCIELO e LILACS, com a utilização dos descritores Mortalidade Materna, Cuidado Pré-Natal e Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde, os quais foram cruzados utilizando o operador booleano and. Resultados:As lacunas associadas à mortalidade materna foram: dificuldade de acesso aos serviços (cobertura, número de consultas e barreiras geográficas); deficiência da qualidade da assistência pré-natal relacionados à falta de infraestrutura; ausência de insumos e equipamentos; lacuna na educação em saúde destinadas às mulheres e a carência de profissionais qualificados. Considerações finais:Há possibilidade de reduzir as taxas de mortalidade materna melhorando as lacunas existentes na assistência prestada a essa população, adequando os métodos estratégicos que visem a alcançar a grande maioria das mulheres, promover a saúde, ofertar informações e proporcionar acompanhamento com profissionais capacitados, durante todo o ciclo gravídico-puerperal.

Objective: To identify the sociodemographic aspects and the main gaps in prenatal care that can influence maternal health. Method: This is an integrative literature review, conducted between May and August 2020 in the MEDLINE, SCIELO and LILACS databases, using the descriptors Maternal Mortality, Prenatal Care and Quality of Health Care, which were crossed using the Boolean operator and. Results: The gaps associated with maternal mortality were: difficulty in access to services (coverage, number of consultations and geographic barriers); deficiency in the quality of prenatal care related to the lack of infrastructure; absence of inputs and equipment; gap in health education aimed at women and the lack of qualified professionals. Final considerations: There is the possibility of reducing maternal mortality rates by improving the existing gaps in the assistance provided to this population, adjusting the strategic methods that aim to reach the vast majority of women, promote health, offer information and provide monitoring with trained professionals throughout the pregnancy-puerperal cycle.

Objetivo: Identificar los aspectos sociodemográficos y las principales carencias de la asistencia prenatal que pueden influir en la salud materna. Método: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, realizada entre mayo y agosto de 2020 en las bases de datos MEDLINE, SCIELO y LILACS, utilizando los descriptores Mortalidad Materna, Atención Prenatal y Calidad de la Atención de Salud, que fueron cruzados utilizando el operador booleano y. Resultados: Las brechas asociadas a la mortalidad materna fueron: la dificultad de acceso a los servicios (cobertura, número de consultas y barreras geográficas); la deficiencia en la calidad de la atención prenatal relacionada con la falta de infraestructura; la ausencia de insumos y equipos; la brecha en la educación sanitaria dirigida a las mujeres y la falta de profesionales calificados. Consideraciones finales: Existe la posibilidad de reducir las tasas de mortalidad materna mejorando las brechas existentes en la asistencia a esta población, ajustando los métodos estratégicos que pretenden llegar a la gran mayoría de las mujeres, promoviendo la salud, ofreciendo información y brindando seguimiento con profesionales capacitados durante todo el ciclo gravídico-puerperal.

Conhecimento, atitude e prática de universitários intercambistas africanos acerca das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis / Conocimiento, actitud y práctica de estudiantes africanos de intercambio sobre las infecciones de transmisión sexual / Knowledge, attitude and practice of African university exchange students about Sexually Transmitted Infections

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar o conhecimento, a atitude e a prática de universitários intercambistas provenientes do continente africano acerca das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Método estudo transversal, realizado de dezembro de 2019 a março de 2020, em universidade pública internacional brasileira localizada no Ceará. A amostra foi constituída por 150 estudantes africanos de diferentes cursos de graduação. Utilizou-se do inquérito de Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática. Resultados os universitários apresentaram conhecimento satisfatório acerca da forma de transmissão das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, porém, com deficiências a respeito das hepatites virais. Identificou-se associação entre sexo e atitude acerca do uso de preservativo em relação sexual com parceria fixa (p=0,042). No que se refere às práticas, houve associação entre sexo e uso do preservativo na primeira relação sexual (p=0,001), ter mais que um parceiro (p=0,001) e mais que dez parceiros em toda a vida (0,007). No que se relaciona às práticas sexuais nos últimos 12 meses, observou-se associação estatística entre ter relações sexuais com mais de um parceiro sexual e sexo do participante (p=0,001). Conclusão e implicações para a prática enfatiza-se a importância de a universidade pesquisada realizar atividades de educação em saúde que abordem Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, bem como de extensão universitária, que envolvam alunos imigrantes africanos.

RESUMEN Objetivo evaluar el conocimiento, la actitud y la práctica de estudiantes de intercambio del continente africano sobre las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual. Método estudio transversal, realizado de diciembre de 2019 a marzo de 2020, en una universidad pública internacional brasileña ubicada en Ceará. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 150 estudiantes africanos de diferentes cursos de pregrado. Se utilizó la encuesta de Conocimiento, Actitud y Práctica. Resultados los universitarios mostraron conocimientos satisfactorios sobre la transmisión de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, sin embargo, con deficiencias sobre las hepatitis virales. Se identificó asociación entre el sexo y la actitud sobre el uso del preservativo en las relaciones sexuales con pareja estable (p=0,042). En cuanto a las prácticas, hubo asociación entre sexo y uso de preservativo en la primera relación sexual (p=0,001), tener más de una pareja (p=0,001) y tener más de diez parejas en la vida (0,007). En cuanto a las prácticas sexuales en los últimos 12 meses, hubo asociación estadística entre tener sexo con más de una pareja sexual y el género del participante (p=0,001). Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica se destaca la importancia de que la universidad investigada realice actividades de educación en salud que aborden las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, así como actividades de extensión universitaria, involucrando estudiantes inmigrantes africanos.

ABSTRACT Objective to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of university exchange students from the African continent about Sexually Transmitted Infections. Method a cross-sectional study, conducted from December 2019 to March 2020, in a public international Brazilian university located in Ceará. The sample consisted of 150 African students from different undergraduate courses. It was used the survey of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice. Results the students showed satisfactory knowledge about the form of transmission of Sexually Transmitted Infections, however, with deficiencies regarding viral hepatitis. An association between sex and attitude about condom use in sexual intercourse with a fixed partner was identified (p=0.042). Regarding the practices, there was an association between sex and condom use in the first sexual relation (p=0.001), having more than one partner (p=0.001) and more than ten partners in the whole life (0.007). Regarding sexual practices in the last 12 months, there was a statistical association between having sex with more than one sexual partner and the participant's sex (p=0.001). Conclusion and implications for practice the importance of the university researched carrying out health education activities that address Sexually Transmitted Infections, as well as university extension activities that involve African immigrant students, is emphasized.

Health care network model for older adults: a co-creation and participatory action research approach / Modelo assistencial à saúde do idoso em rede: uma abordagem de cocriação e pesquisa-ação participativa

OBJECTIVE: To develop a collaborative, multidisciplinary care model for older adults that improves interdisciplinary teamwork and increases access to specialized services for frail patients, helping solve management problems in the Brazilian Unified Health System. In the state of Bahia, the health care network for older adults requires better interaction and integration with the Unified Health System and the Unified System of Social Assistance to improve patient flow in the network. METHODS: We used a co-creation and participatory action research approach based on reflection, data collection, interaction, and feedback with participants and stakeholders. Data was collected from health professionals, representatives of health agencies, and older adults through collective and individual interviews, reflective diaries, and direct communication. RESULTS: An action plan involving members of the older adult care network was developed to put the new model into practice. A pilot study with a multidisciplinary team allowed adjustments and implementation of the model at our institution. CONCLUSIONS: The new model improved both the internal management of the State Reference Center for Older Adult Health Care (Centro de Referência Estadual de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso - CREASI) and its interaction with primary care, optimizing patient flow and establishing rules for shared management between CREASI and primary care institutions. In view of this, restructuring the care model reorganized relations between the agencies, expanding CREASI's role in the management and systematization of older adult health.

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo assistencial colaborativo, multiprofissional e centrado na pessoa idosa para melhorar o trabalho em equipe interdisciplinar e o acesso de idosos frágeis ao serviço especializado, ajudando na resolução de problemas com o gerenciamento do idoso no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A rede de assistência à saúde do idoso na Bahia requer avanços na interação e na integração entre os órgãos do SUS e do Sistema Único de Assistência Social para melhorar o fluxo dos pacientes na rede. METODOLOGIA: Foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação participativa e cocriação baseadas na reflexão, coleta de dados, interação e feedback com participantes e partes interessadas. A coleta dos dados foi realizada com os profissionais de saúde, representantes dos órgãos de saúde e idosos por meio entrevistas coletivas e individuais, diários reflexivos e registros de comunicação direta. RESULTADOS: Foi elaborado um plano de ação com participação dos membros da rede de assistência ao idoso para colocar em prática o novo modelo. Realizou-se um piloto com uma equipe multidisciplinar que possibilitou ajustes e a implementação do modelo na instituição. CONCLUSÕES: O novo modelo favoreceu tanto o gerenciamento interno do Centro de Referência Estadual de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso (CREASI) como a interação com a atenção básica, otimizando o fluxo de pacientes e estabelecendo regras de gerenciamento compartilhado entre CREASI e atenção básica. Diante disso, a reestruturação do modelo assistencial representou uma reorganização das relações entre os órgãos, ampliando o papel do CREASI no gerenciamento e na sistematização da saúde do idoso.

Mesenchymal stem cells surpass the capacity of bone marrow aspirate concentrate for periodontal regeneration

Abstract Regenerative approaches using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been evaluated to promote the complete formation of all missing periodontal tissues, e.g., new cementum, bone, and functional periodontal ligaments. MSCs derived from bone marrow have been applied to bone and periodontal defects in several forms, including bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and cultured and isolated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal regeneration capacity of BMAC and cultured BM-MSCs in the wound healing of fenestration defects in rats. Methodology: BM-MSCs were obtained after bone marrow aspiration of the isogenic iliac crests of rats, followed by cultivation and isolation. Autogenous BMAC was collected and centrifuged immediately before surgery. In 36 rats, fenestration defects were created and treated with suspended BM-MSCs, BMAC or left to spontaneously heal (control) (N=6). Their regenerative potential was assessed by microcomputed tomography (µCT) and histomorphometry, as well as their cell phenotype and functionality by the Luminex assay at 15 and 30 postoperative days. Results: BMAC achieved higher bone volume in 30 days than spontaneous healing (p<0.0001) by enhancing osteoblastic lineage commitment maturation, with higher levels of osteopontin (p=0.0013). Defects filled with cultured BM-MSCs achieved higher mature bone formation in early stages than spontaneous healing and BMAC (p=0.0241 and p=0.0143, respectively). Moreover, significantly more cementum-like tissue formation (p<0.0001) was observed with new insertion of fibers in specimens treated with BM-MSCs within 30 days. Conclusion: Both forms of cell transport, BMAC and BM-MSCs, promoted bone formation. However, early bone formation and maturation were achieved when cultured BM-MSCs were used. Likewise, only cultured BM-MSCs were capable of achieving complete periodontal regeneration with inserted fibers in the new cementum-like tissue.

Conhecimento das gestantes residentes em comunidades rurais sobre o aleitamento materno / The knowledge of pregnant women resident in rural communities about breastfeeding / El conocimiento de las mujeres embarazadas residentes en comunidades rurales sobre la lactancia materna

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento das gestantes residentes de comunidades rurais sobre aleitamento materno. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo realizado durante o período de fevereiro e março de 2020 em quatro comunidades rurais em um município do Estado do Ceará, a amostra foi composta por 19 gestantes. Foi aplicado um formulário enquanto as gestantes aguardavam a consulta de pré-natal na unidade básica de saúde. Resultados: As gestantes apresentaram bom conhecimento em relação ao conceito e benefícios da amamentação, e manejo do ingurgitamento mamário, no entanto, apresentaram deficiências importantes quanto a técnica correta para amamentar e a conservação do leite. E os profissionais de saúde que as gestantes relataram terem mais recebido incentivo para amamentar foram os enfermeiros (31,6%) e em seguida os agentes comunitários de saúde (26,3%). Conclusão: Percebe-se a necessidade de promover estratégias efetivas de capacitação das gestantes dando-se ênfase à pega e a posição correta para evitar desmame precoce, e conservação do leite, visando melhorar índices de aleitamento materno exclusivo em mulheres trabalhadoras. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the knowledge of pregnant women living in rural communities about breastfeeding. Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted during the period of February and March 2020 in four rural communities in a municipality in the state of Ceará, the sample was composed of 19 pregnant women. A form was applied while the pregnant women were waiting for the prenatal consultation at the basic health unit. Results: The pregnant women had good knowledge regarding the concept and benefits of breastfeeding, and management of breast engorgement, however, they had important deficiencies regarding the correct technique for breastfeeding and the conservation of milk. And the health professionals that the pregnant women reported having received the most incentive to breastfeed were the nurses (31.6%) and then the community health workers (26.3%). Conclusion: There is a need to promote effective training strategies for pregnant women, with emphasis on the handle and the correct position to avoid early weaning and milk conservation, aiming to improve rates of exclusive breastfeeding in working women. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar el conocimiento de las mujeres embarazadas residentes en comunidades rurales sobre la lactancia materna. Métodos: Este fue un estudio descriptivo realizado durante el período de febrero y marzo de 2020 en cuatro comunidades rurales de un municipio del estado de Ceará, la muestra estuvo compuesta por 19 mujeres embarazadas. Se aplicó un formulario mientras las gestantes esperaban la consulta prenatal en la unidad básica de salud. Resultados: Las gestantes tenían un buen conocimiento sobre el concepto y los beneficios de la lactancia materna y el manejo de la congestión mamaria, sin embargo, presentaban importantes deficiencias en cuanto a la técnica correcta para la lactancia materna y la conservación de la leche. Y los profesionales de la salud que las gestantes reportaron haber recibido mayor incentivo para amamantar fueron las enfermeras (31,6%) y luego los agentes comunitarios de salud (26,3%). Conclusión: Existe la necesidad de promover estrategias de entrenamiento efectivas para la gestante, con énfasis en el mango y la posición correcta para evitar el destete precoz y la conservación de la leche, con el objetivo de mejorar las tasas de lactancia materna exclusiva en las mujeres trabajadoras. (AU)

Evaluation of microbial contamination in multi-dose fluorescein eyedrops in a reference eye center / Avaliação da contaminação microbiana em colírios multi-dose de fluoresceína em um centro oftalmológico de referência

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the presence of microorganisms in fluorescein eyedrops used in a reference eye center in Recife-PE. Methods: This real-life and masked study evaluated fluorescein eyedrops used at the Altino Ventura Foundation in May 2019. Cultures were performed according to exposure times; I) three eyedrop bottles were analyzed after one day of use, II) three eyedrop bottles after 4 d of use, III) three eyedrop bottles after 8 d of use, and IV) three unopened bottles used as control. Samples were collected from the bottle's tip, instilled drop, and residual fluid. After incubation, all colonies were analyzed and identified through biochemical tests. Results: The contamination rate of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles in this study was 55.5% (5/9 vials). There was no contamination in the control group. The highest contamination was seen in one day exposed eyedrops, in 100% of the bottles. The bottle's tip had a higher rate of contamination compared to the drop and residual fluid. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 7/27 (25.9%) samples. Growth of fungi or gram-negative bacteria was not observed. Conclusion: The identification of gram-positive bacteria predominantly on the tip of the fluorescein eyedrop bottles suggests inadequate handling as the main cause of contamination.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a presença de microrganismos nos colírios de fluoresceína utilizados em um centro oftalmológico de referência em Recife-PE. Métodos: Este estudo de vida real e mascarado avaliou colírios de fluoresceína utilizados na Fundação Altino Ventura em maio/2019. As culturas foram realizadas de acordo com os diferentes tempos de exposição: I - três frascos de colírio foram analisados após 1 dia de uso; II - três frascos de colírio após 4 dias de uso; III - três frascos de colírio após 8 dias de uso; IV - três garrafas fechadas foram usadas como grupo controle. As amostras foram coletadas da ponta do frasco, da gota instilada e do líquido residual interior. Após incubação, todas as colônias foram analisadas e identificadas através de testes bioquímicos. Resultados: A taxa de contaminação dos frascos de colírio de fluoresceína neste estudo foi de 55,5% (5/9 frascos). Não houve contaminação no grupo controle. A maior contaminação foi observada os colírios expostos de um dia - 100% dos frascos. A ponta da garrafa teve uma maior taxa de contaminação em comparação com as culturas de gota e de fluido residual inferior. Bactérias gram-positivas foram isoladas em 7/27 amostras (25,9%). Não houve crescimento de fungos ou bactérias Gram-negativas. Conclusão: A identificação de bactérias Gram-positivas predominantemente na ponta dos frascos de colírio de fluoresceína sugere manuseio inadequado como a principal causa de contaminação de colírios multidose.