Symptoms Suggestive of Dysphagia and the Quality of Life in Cocaine and/or Crack Users.

Users of cocaine and/or crack may present symptoms of dysphagia due to changes in anatomical structures caused by the use of these substances. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of symptoms suggestive of dysphagia in users of cocaine and/or crack seeking treatment, as well as to investigate the quality of life of these individuals related to their swallowing condition. A cross-sectional study from September 2015 to December 2016, with 121 users of cocaine and/or crack, was conducted. 59 of them called a telemarketing service and 61 sought treatment at the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas in Porto Alegre (Psychosocial Alcohol and Drug Center). Users were screened and asked to fill the Eating Assessment Tool questionnaire. Users who presented themselves at the center were submitted to the Tool Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test. Users with symptoms of dysphagia responded to the Quality of Life in Swallowing questionnaire. Of all the interviewees, 22.3% (n = 27) reported symptoms suggestive of dysphagia and 2% of the individuals, submitted to swallowing test, presented cough in the liquid consistency. The scores showed a negative impact on quality of life, mainly related to fatigue, sleep, feeding duration, and fear of eating. Significant numbers of users of cocaine and/or crack referred to symptoms suggestive of dysphagia and significant impairments in quality of life, which require specific care in feeding this population in order to assist in their rehabilitation.

Correction to: Symptoms Suggestive of Dysphagia and the Quality of Life in Cocaine and/or Crack Users.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The spelling of the Sheila Taminini de Almeida name was incorrect.

Conduta fonoaudiológica em um caso de disfagia neurogênica por distrofia muscular oculofaríngea / Speech-language clinical pattern in a neurogenic dysphagia case through oculo-pharyngeal muscular dystrophy

Resumo:A Distrofia Muscular Oculofaríngea é uma miopatia hereditária de transmissão autossômica dominante, de início tardio, com sinais clínicos de ptose palpebral e disfagia orofaríngea, essa podendo estar associada à fraqueza muscular proximal. O presente estudo analisa a conduta fonoaudiológica em um caso de distrofia oculofaríngea. O sujeito atendido no ambulatório de Fonoaudiologia, desde março de 2013, com sessões quinzenais, frequência essa modificada para sessões semanais a partir de julho do mesmo ano. A terapia constituiu-se com os objetivos de: aprimorar a mobilidade das estruturas orofaciais; organizar a coordenação pneumofonoarticulatória; reavaliar frequentemente a disfagia, por meio do registro dos episódios de sinais e sintomas de disfagia na alimentação habitual, assim como, da verificação das consistências da dieta usual com manobra de segurança (queixo no peito); verificar o peso; utilizar o diário de distúrbios da deglutição, e orientar a realização dos exercícios orofaciais em casa. Houve estabilização do quadro clinico e do peso corporal durante o ano de atendimento, com posterior retomada de progressão da doença. O direcionamento clínico sugerido é de uma abordagem interdisciplinar, cuja contribuição da fonoaudiologia é do favorecimento para uma alimentação segura, a facilitação da comunicação oral e melhoria da qualidade de vida.

Abstract:The Muscular Dystrophy Oculo-pharyngeal myopathology is a hereditary autosomal dominant, late-onset, with clinical signs of ptosis and oral pharyngeal dysphagia, this may be associated to the proximal muscle weakness. This study examines the speech therapy conduct in a case of oculus-pharyngeal dystrophy. The subject was treated in the speech-language therapy outpatient since March 2013, with biweekly sessions, being changed to weekly sessions from July of the same year. The therapy consists of improving mobility of oral facial structures; organization of the pneumonic articulatory coordination; frequent revaluations of the swallowing disorders, with the register of the episodes of signals and symptoms of swallowing disorders in the habitual feeding, as well as, by the verification of the usual diet consistencies with security maneuver (chin-chest); weight check; using the habitual daily swallowing disorders diary, and orientation for the accomplishment of the daily oral facials exercises at home. She had stabilization of the clinical picture and the corporal weight during the year of attendance, with posterior retaken of disease progression. The suggested clinical aiming is of interdisciplinary boarding, having as contribution from speech and language therapy, the aiding of a safe feeding, the facilitation of the verbal communication and improvement of the quality of life.

Uso de substâncias psicoativas, alterações vocais e qualidade de vida em usuários de drogas lícitas e ilícitas / Substance use, voice changes and quality of life in licit and illicit drug users

OBJETIVOS: investigar a qualidade de vida e voz, além das principais alterações perceptivo-auditivas e as medidas acústicas jitter, shimmer e Glottal Noise Excitation em usuários de substâncias psicoativas lícitas e/ou ilícitas que buscaram um centro de tratamento para dependência química. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal. Os participantes responderam aos questionários de Mensuração de Qualidade de Vida em Voz e World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Bref. Além disso foi realizado, um registro vocal da vogal /a/ e de uma contagem de números de 1 a 20. Os registros vocais foram avaliados por meio da escala GRBAS-I (G - grau global da disfonia, R - rugosidade, B - soprosidade, A - astenia, S - tensão) e a análise acústica (jitter, shimmer, Glottal noise excitation) pelo software VoxMetria. RESULTADOS: avaliaram-se 29 protocolos e registros de voz; na amostra, 19 (65,5%) eram homens; a idade média da amostra foi de 37,8 anos. Os escores de ambos os questionários não apresentaram diferenças entre os usuários de drogas lícitas e os de drogas ilícitas. Na análise perceptiva por meio da GRBAS-I, eles mostraram predominância de alterações discretas e moderadas nos itens grau geral da disfonia, rugosidade e instabilidade para usuárias de drogas ilícitas. A medida acústica jitter e o shimmer estavam alterados para homens e mulheres, e o desvio padrão da frequência fundamental também estava alterado. CONCLUSÃO: alterações de qualidade de vida e voz foram identificadas em ambos os usuários. A maioria dos usuários apresentou alterações nas medidas de jitter e shimmer. Usuários de drogas ilícitas apresentaram mais alterações de Glottal Noise Excitation e desvio padrão da frequência fundamental. .

PURPOSES: to investigate the Quality of Life and Voice in addition to the main perceptual-auditory changes and the acoustic measures jitter, shimmer and Glottal Noise Excitation in users of licit and/or illicit psychoactive substances who sought a treatment center for chemical dependency. METHODS: cross-sectional study in which participants responded the questionnaires Voice-Related Quality of Life survey and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Bref. Voice recordings of the vowel /a/ and a count from 1 to 20 were performed. The voice recordings were evaluated by GRBAS-I (G - overall degree of dysphonia, R - roughness, B - breathiness, A - asthenia, S - strain) scale and acoustic analysis by the software VoXmetria. RESULTS: 29 protocols and voice recordings were assessed, 19 (65.5%) subjects of the sample were male, and the mean age of the sample evaluated was 37.8 years. The scores of both questionnaires indicate no differences between users of licit or illicit drugs. The perceptual analysis through GRBAS-I revealed the prevalence of mild and moderate changes in the items overal degree of dysphonia, roughness, and instability for licit and illicit drug users. Jitter and shimmer were altered for men and women, as was the standard deviation of the fundamental frequency. CONCLUSION: changes in quality of life and voice were identified in users of both licit and illicit drugs. Most users showed changes in jitter and shimmer. Illicit drug users had more changes in Glottal Noise Excitation and standard deviation of the fundamental frequency. .