Epidemiological profile of rosacea in dermatology outpatient clinics in Brazil: an observational report from the Brazilian study group on rosacea.

BACKGROUND: Rosacea prevalence varies worldwide and there is a lack of information in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiological profile of rosacea in subjects who consulted in dermatological outpatient clinics in Brazil. MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 dermatological outpatient clinics across the country. Patients with rosacea diagnosis were eligible for the study according to the investigator's clinical assessment. Clinical, social and demographic data were collected. The overall and regional rosacea prevalence was calculated, and association with baseline characteristics was analysed. RESULTS: A total of 3,184 subjects were enrolled, and rosacea prevalence was 12.7%. The southern region of Brazil presented a higher prevalence, followed by the southeast. The subjects in the rosacea group were older than those without rosacea (52.5 ±14.9 vs. 47.5 ±17.5; p<0.001). Moreover, the rosacea group was associated with Fitzpatrick's phototypes I and II, Caucasian ethnicity, a family history of rosacea, and facial erythema, however, no association with gender was found. The most prevalent clinical sign and clinical subtype in rosacea patients were erythema and erythematotelangiectatic, respectively. CONCLUSION: Rosacea is highly prevalent in Brazil, mostly in the southern region, associated with phototypes I and II and a family history.

Static and dynamic high-resolution ultrasound analysis of tissue distribution of poly-L-lactic acid particles during subdermal application in two different presentations.

Background: All the changes the skin goes through, peaking at flaccidity, occur in the dermis and hypodermis, leading to loss of support and a lower capacity to totally accommodate displacements or any loss of subjacent volume, bringing about the onset of furrows and sagging. Improvements in facial sagging may be obtained with the administrations of substances like poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), which triggers a tissue response through a controlled inflammatory reaction. Objectives: Compare the tissue distribution of the particles of PLLA of both products available in Brazil (Sculptra® and Rennova Elleva®) during and immediately after their subdermal administrations, with 22G cannulas, through high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Methods: A total of four patients aged between 18 and 64 years had the inner part of the upper arms divided into eight quadrants and treated with 16 ml of each product, reconstituted to correspond to 9.5 mg/ml. The sites where PLLA was injected were analyzed through the high-resolution ultrasound during (dynamic imaging) and immediately after the procedures (static imaging). Results: During Sculptra® injection, high-resolution ultrasound revealed that its distribution did not follow the trajectory of the cannula homogeneously. It was characterized by a more hyperechogenic central portion and an anechogenic peripheral portion, forming discrete posterior acoustic shadowing at times. Regarding Rennova ELLEVA® injection, the high-resolution ultrasound analysis showed a homogeneous distribution of the product across the subcutaneous tissue following the trajectory of the cannula without formation of significant interface with the surrounding tissue, maintaining the sonographic aspect of thinly granulated hyperechogenic deposits, with strong posterior acoustic shadowing during and immediately after its administration. Conclusion: Static and dynamic high-resolution ultrasound imaging show a more homogenous distribution of PLLA particles with the use of Rennova ELLEVA® when compared with Sculptra®, which may induce the formation of capsules and a subsequent more dispersed fibroplasia, with larger area of action and a possible better therapeutic result. The interest of this article lies in its originality, highlighting the differences in the tissue distribution of two different brands of PLLA particles, which can impact the clinical response to the two products - which we are researching and seems to interfere with the increase in dermal thickness.

Analysis of satisfaction patient and increased dermis thickness by medical evaluation and USG by Rennova Elleva in the treatment of sagging skin on the inner part of the arms.

Introduction: The flaccidity of the skin is provoked by changes caused by the chronological ageing of the skin, such as epidermal, dermal, and hypodermic thinning, which, in turn, are aggravated by photo ageing and by several other factors such as, for example, limited diets low in proteins, rapid weight loss and low BMI, liposuction, post-pregnancy and stretch marks, which facilitate the loss of skin elasticity, even in young patients. Its treatment remains a major therapeutic challenge, as there are few procedures designed to effectively improve it. Objective: To evaluate the satisfaction patient and increased dermis of Rennova Elleva in the treatment of cutaneous flaccidity of the inner part of the arms. Methods: Twenty six women aged between 31 and 60 years old complaining of skin flaccidity in the medial area of the arms, with a severity score between: 1 (11 patients), 2 (10 patients) and 3 (5 patients) according to the scale Investigator Assessment Skin Laxity Scoring System (IASLSS), were treated with two applications of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) with intervals of 45 days between them. Results: Forty five days after the second application of PLLA (D90), all patients presented a moderate to high degree of satisfaction with the treatment, with good tolerability and no adverse effects. Improvement was confirmed by high-resolution ultrasound with an increase in dermal thickness between 23% and 70% (average value: 46%). Discussion: Rennova Elleva® PLLA promoted an improvement in skin flaccidity and an increase in dermal thickness with good to excellent tolerability by patients. Conclusion: The new presentation of PLLA proved to be effective and safe for the treatment of skin flaccidity.

Terapia tópica para prevenção e tratamento da radiodermatite aguda das mamas: revisão integrativa da literatura / Topical treatment for prevention and management of acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients: an integrative review

Introdução: A radioterapia desempenha um importante papel adjuvante ao tratamento cirúrgico do câncer de mama, pois diminui as taxas de recorrência local e aumenta a sobrevida global. Entretanto, até 95% das pacientes expostas à radiação ionizante desenvolverão algum grau de radiodermatite. O presente estudo revisa a literatura referente às terapias tópicas disponíveis para prevenção e tratamento da radiodermatite aguda das mamas, sintetizando as evidências disponíveis e auxiliando a tomada de decisão clínica. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura publicada nos últimos 10 anos, utilizando as bases de dados LILACS, Medline e Biblioteca Cochrane. Foram utilizados os descritores neoplasias da mama, radiodermatite, higiene da pele e creme para a pele. Resultados: Dos 158 artigos encontrados, 48 foram incluídos nesta revisão. Foram identificadas 40 diferentes terapias tópicas que foram agrupadas em sete categorias para facilitar a análise e interpretação dos dados: fitoterápicos, hormônios/vitaminas/fatores de crescimento, corticoesteroides, barreira (filme ou creme), ácido hialurônico, curativos à base de prata e outros. Conclusões: Existe evidência científica proveniente de ensaios clínicos randomizados de boa qualidade embasando a indicação dos corticosteroides tópicos de alta (valerato de 17-betametasona) e média potência (furoato de mometasona 0,1%), assim como de filmes barreira como Mepitel®, Mepilex Lite® e Hydrofilm®, no manejo da radiodermatite aguda das mamas. As demais terapias não mostraram benefícios na prevenção e/ou tratamento da radiodermatite ou têm evidência científica limitada, contraindicando ou restringindo sua utilização na prática clínica.

Introduction: Radiotherapy plays an important adjuvant role in the surgical treatment of breast cancer by reducing locoregional recurrence and improving overall survival. However, up to 95% of patients experience some degree of radiodermatitis. This study aims to review the literature regarding topical agent therapies in preventing and treating acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients. Methods: Integrative review of LILACS, Medline and Cochrane Library databases. We searched for original articles published between 2010 and 2020, including the descriptors breast neoplasms, radiodermatitis, skincare, and skin cream. Results: The initial search returned 158 articles. After screening for eligibility, 48 articles were included. Forty different topical agent therapies were identified and grouped into seven categories to facilitate data analysis: herbal medicines, hormones/vitamins/growth factors, topical corticosteroids, barrier products (film or cream), hyaluronic acid, silver-based dressings and others. Conclusions: This review identifies that topical corticosteroids of high (betamethasone-17-valerate) and medium potency (mometasone furoate 0.1%), as well as barrier films such as Mepitel®, Mepilex Lite®, and Hydrofilm®, are effective in managing acute breast radiodermatitis. The other topical agent therapies did not show benefits in preventing and/or treating acute radiodermatitis or have limited evidence.

Tratamento de siringomas periorbitários: revisão da literatura científica nos últimos 5 anos / Treatment of periorbital syringomas: review of scientific literature in the last 5 years

Introdução: O siringomas são tumores anexais benignos com caraterísticas histopatológicas decorrentes dos ductos écrinos, em forma de pápulas amareladas ou cor da pele, de 1-3 mm, comumente na região periorbitária inferior, podendo causar problemas cosméticos importantes. O objetivo do tratamento é melhorar a aparência, através da destruição completa do tumor usando métodos minimamente invasivos e inclusa cirurgia. Existem na literatura múltiplas opções de tratamento com vários graus de sucesso, porém pouco se conhece sobre a eficácia. Em geral, a remoção completa não é bem-sucedida, e têm sido descritos efeitos colaterais, sendo a recorrência o mais frequente. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, de publicações científicas no período de 2014-2019. Resultados: Após revisar 45 artigos, e identificar os publicados nos últimos cinco anos que tiveram registro de número de pacientes, descrição de tratamento, escalas de avaliação dos resultados e acompanhamento, foram selecionados seis artigos. Do número total de seis artigos, foram encontrados: uma revisão sistemática, e cinco estudos retrospectivos, sendo um comparativo. Foi designado um número para cada artigo analisado, e coletados o número de pacientes incluídos, tratamento realizado, escalas de avaliação e resultados, complicações e conclusões. Conclusões: Os siringomas periorbitários ainda são um desafio terapêutico, e até agora nenhum tratamento demostrou ser consistentemente eficaz. O laser CO2 continua sendo a primeira escolha de tratamento quando usado fracionado, e a eletrocoagulação intralesional representa uma segunda alternativa com resultados moderados e menor risco de complicações. Novos tratamentos como Laser Erbium Laser Erbium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet e monoterapia com toxina botulínica A poderiam ser boas alternativas. Estudos prospetivos comparativos são necessários.

Introduction: Syringomas are benign adnexal tumors with histopathological characteristics arising from the eccrine ducts, in yellowish or skin-colored papules, 1-3 mm, commonly in the lower periorbital region, which can cause important cosmetic problems. The goal of treatment is to improve appearance by destroying the tumor using minimally invasive methods and including surgery. There are multiple treatment options in the literature with varying degrees of success, but little is known about their effectiveness. Complete removal is unsuccessful, and side effects have been described, recurrence being the most frequent. Methods: This is a narrative review of the literature of scientific publications in the period 2014-2019. Results: After reviewing 45 articles and identifying those published in the last five years that had a record of the number of patients, treatment description, scales of evaluation of results and follow-up, six articles were selected. Of the total number of six articles, we found: a systematic review and five retrospective studies, one being a comparative one. A number was assigned to each article analyzed, and the number of patients included, treatment performed, assessment scales and results, complications and conclusions were collected. Conclusions: Periorbital syringomas are still a therapeutic challenge, and so far, no treatment is consistently effective. The CO2 laser remains the first choice of treatment when used fractionally, and intralesional electrocoagulation represents a second alternative with moderate results and a lower risk of complications. New treatments such as Laser Erbium Laser Erbium Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet and botulinum toxin A monotherapy could be good alternatives. Comparative prospective studies are needed.

Dosages of androgenic hormones in adolescent patients with severe acne.

OBJECTIVE: Acne vulgaris in female adolescents, when severe or accompanied by other signs of androgenization, may represent a sign of hyperandrogenemia often underdiagnosed, which will have harmful consequences for adult life. The objective of this cross-sectional and retrospective study was to demonstrate the incidence of hormonal changes in the cases of female adolescents with severe or extensive acne, with or without other signs of hyperandrogenism, and propose a hormonal research pattern which should be indicated in order to detect early hyperandrogenemia. METHODS: The medical records of 38 female patients aged between 9 and 15 years old with grade II and/or III acne were analyzed. The dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrostenedione, and androstenedione, total testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone sulfate hormones were required prior to initiation of treatment. The hormonal dosages were performed in the serum after at least 3 hours of fasting by means of radioimmunoassay tests. RESULTS: Of the 38 patients included, 44.7% presented changes in androgen levels (hyperandrogenemia), and the two most frequently altered hormones were DHEA and androstenedione, with the same incidence (23.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The correct and early diagnosis provides an effective and agile approach, including antiandrogen therapy, with the purpose of avoiding the reproductive and metabolic repercussions, besides controlling the inflammatory picture and avoid aesthetic complications.

Dosages of androgenic hormones in adolescent patients with severe acne

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Acne vulgaris in female adolescents, when severe or accompanied by other signs of androgenization, may represent a sign of hyperandrogenemia often underdiagnosed, which will have harmful consequences for adult life. The objective of this cross-sectional and retrospective study was to demonstrate the incidence of hormonal changes in the cases of female adolescents with severe or extensive acne, with or without other signs of hyperandrogenism, and propose a hormonal research pattern which should be indicated in order to detect early hyperandrogenemia. METHODS The medical records of 38 female patients aged between 9 and 15 years old with grade II and/or III acne were analyzed. The dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrostenedione, and androstenedione, total testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone sulfate hormones were required prior to initiation of treatment. The hormonal dosages were performed in the serum after at least 3 hours of fasting by means of radioimmunoassay tests. RESULTS Of the 38 patients included, 44.7% presented changes in androgen levels (hyperandrogenemia), and the two most frequently altered hormones were DHEA and androstenedione, with the same incidence (23.6%). CONCLUSIONS The correct and early diagnosis provides an effective and agile approach, including antiandrogen therapy, with the purpose of avoiding the reproductive and metabolic repercussions, besides controlling the inflammatory picture and avoid aesthetic complications.

RESUMO OBJETIVO A acne vulgar em adolescentes do sexo feminino, quando grave ou acompanhada de outros sinais de androgenização, pode representar um sinal de hiperandrogenemia muitas vezes subdiagnosticado, que acarretará consequências danosas para a vida adulta. O objetivo deste estudo transversal e retrospectivo foi demonstrar a incidência das alterações hormonais nos casos de adolescentes do sexo feminino com acne grave ou extensa, acompanhada ou não de outros sinais de hiperandrogenismo e propor um padrão de pesquisa hormonal que deve ser indicado com o intuito de detectar precocemente o quadro de hiperandrogenemia. MÉTODOS Foram analisados os prontuários de 38 pacientes do sexo feminino com idades entre 9 e 15 anos, portadoras de quadro de acne grau II e/ou III. Os hormônios sulfato de dehidroepiandrostenediona, dehidroepiandrostenediona, androstenediona, testosterona total e dehidrotestosterona foram solicitados antes do início do tratamento. As dosagens hormonais foram realizadas no soro após pelo menos 3 horas de jejum por meio de exames de radioimunoensaio. RESULTADOS Das 38 pacientes incluídas, 44,7% apresentaram alterações dos níveis de andrógenos (hiperandrogenemia), sendo que os dois hormônios mais frequentemente alterados foram o DHEA e androstenediona, com a mesma incidência (23,6%). CONCLUSÕES O diagnóstico correto e precoce propicia uma abordagem efetiva e ágil, incluindo a terapia antiandrogênica, com a finalidade de evitar as repercussões reprodutivas e metabólicas, além de controlar o quadro inflamatório e evitar complicações estéticas.

Recommendations on the Use of Injectable Poly-L-Lactic Acid for Skin Laxity in Off-Face Areas

Injectable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a biodegradable synthetic polymer that stimulates collagen production, leading to gradual volume restoration. The treatment of sagging skin in body areas is still a big challenge, as there are few aesthetic procedures aiming to improve it. This article provides recommendations on the use of PLLA in the treatment of skin laxity in off-face areas, as the neck, décolletage, arms, abdomen, buttocks, and thighs, including the patient selection, product preparation, and injection techniques. The use of PLLA is a promising method for the treatment of skin laxity in corporal areas, improving body contour and appearance. Further investigation is needed to better understand the efficacy and durability of PLLA in non-facial indications and to provide the best evidence for optimal patient outcomes. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(9):929-935.

Conceitos atuais no uso do ácido poli-l-láctico para rejuvenescimento facial: revisão e aspectos práticos / Current concepts in the use of poly-L-lactic acid for facial rejuvenation: literature review and practical aspects

O conceito de rejuvenescimento facial abrange atualmente visão tridimensional, que reconhece como sinais de envelhecimento não só a perda da textura cutânea e as rugas de expressão, mas também as perdas volumétricas secundárias à remodelação óssea e a redistribuição da gordura facial. O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre o ácido poli-l-láctico para rejuvenescimento facial, incluindo suas indicações, técnicas de injeção, resultados esperados e possíveis efeitos adversos.

The concept of facial rejuvenation currently includes a three-dimensional perspective, which recognizes as signs of aging not only the loss of the skin's texture and the emergence of expression wrinkles, but also the volumetric losses secondary to bone remodeling and redistribution of facial fat. This article was aimed at reviewing the literature on poly-L-lactic acid for facial rejuvenation ­ including its indications, injection techniques, expected results and possible adverse effects ­ and offer practical guidelines, based on the authors' 12-year experience with the product.

Aplicação de ácido poli-l-lático para o tratamento da flacidez corporal / Poly-L-lactic acid injections in sagging body skin

Introdução: O tratamento da flacidez cutânea corporal constitui grande desafio, pois poucos são os procedimentos destinados a melhorá-la. O ácido poli-L-lático é polímero sintético injetável da família dos alfa-hidroxiácidos, cuja injeção na derme profunda ou hipoderme superficial induz reação local e gradual, com síntese de novo colágeno pelos fibroblastos e consequente aumento da espessura dérmica. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do ácido poli-L-lático na flacidez da pele do corpo. Métodos: Quatorze pacientes que apresentavam flacidez de região glútea foram tratadas com duas aplicações de ácido poli-L-lático com intervalos de 45 dias entre elas. Foram realizadas avalição clínica inicial e seis meses após a segunda aplicação, fotos prévias e seis meses após o tratamento, bem como foram aplicados questionários às pacientes e ao médico avaliador, e realizado exame ultrassonográfico de todas as pacientes para verificação do aumento de espessura dérmica. Foram avaliados também os efeitos adversos observados. Resultados: Na opinião das pacientes, 85% apresentaram melhora no aspecto geral da pele e 71% na flacidez. Para o médico avaliador, 100% das pacientes apresentaram melhora no aspecto geral da pele e na flacidez, porém em graus variáveis e não proporcionais ao grau de gravidade inicial. Onze pacientes tiveram aumento da espessura dérmica acima de 20% dos pontos. Não houve efeitos colaterais importantes no período avaliado. Conclusões: Os resultados são promissores e devem ser confirmados com a realização de estudos com casuística maior.

Introduction: The treatment of sagging skin in body areas is still a big challenge, as there are few aesthetic procedures aiming to improve it. The poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is an injectable synthetic polymer of the alpha-hydroxy acids family, which injection into the deep dermis or superficial hypodermis induces a local and gradual reaction, with synthesis of new collagen by the fibroblasts and consequent increase of dermal thickness. Purpose: Evaluate the effects of poly-L-lactic acid on the sagging skin of the body. Methods: Fourteen patients with sagging in gluteal region underwent two applications of poly-L-lactic acid with a 45 days interval between them. We performed an initial clinical evaluation and after six months of the second application, photos before and after six months of treatment, questionnaires answered by the patient and by the evaluating physician and ultrasound examination of all patients to assess the increase of dermal thickness. The adverse effects observed were also evaluated. Results: In patient's opinion, 85% presented improvement of general appearance of the skin and 71% noticed improvement of sagging. For the evaluating physician, 100% of patients presented improvement of general appearance of the skin and improvement of sagging, but in different degrees and not proportional to the initial degree of severity. There was no significant side effects in the period evaluated. Conclusions: The results are promising and should be confirmed with studies with a larger sample size.

Study of lipid profile in adult women with acne.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish the lipid profile of female patients with acne in the Acne-in-Adult-Women Ambulatory Care Clinic in order to observe the prevalence of dyslipidemia in those patients. METHODS: This is a retrospective transversal study that evaluated the medical records of 416 patients who attended at the Acne-in-Adult-Women Ambulatory Care Clinic, at the Dermatology Department, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil, in the year 2012. Relevant data included age and clinical classification of acne. The lipid profile was analyzed according to the results of laboratory tests ordered during outpatient visits, which included total and fractionated cholesterol levels and triglycerides. RESULTS: The epidemiological study sample was of 219 patients, with ages ranging from 21 to 61 years (mean of 32.23 years). The predominant clinical grade was papule-pustule acne (grade II) with 156 patients (71%). Regarding the lipid profile of the patients, there was a high increase in total cholesterol levels in 17.35% of the cases. High-density lipoprotein levels were low in 11.42% of the patients, with normal prevalence in 194 subjects. Low-density lipoprotein levels were normal in most patients (60.27%). Very-low-density lipoprotein values were normal in almost all patients (94.06%) and increased in only 13 patients (5.94%). Only 18 patients presented high levels of triglycerides (8.22%). CONCLUSION: The conclusion was that patients with grades II and III acne are more likely to have total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein altered. A correct and early diagnosis can be an important measure for the prevention of the metabolic syndrome in these patients.

Androgenic hormone profile of adult women with acne.

Acne in adult women is a hard-to-manage frequent disease with many relapse cases. It mostly interferes with quality of life and causes major social and metabolic losses for patients. This is a transversal retrospective study and the aim was to standardize the research on circulating androgenic hormone levels and to detect hyperandrogenic states early, showing the frequency and the pattern of the altered hormones, useful resources to correctly evaluate each patient. In this study 835 women above 15 years of age, with acne or aggravation cases, were analyzed. The aim was to verify the percentage of androgen examinations with levels above normal. The levels of the hormones dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydrotestosterone, androstenedione and total testosterone were measured in all patients. The evaluation of the hormone profile showed that 54.56% of the patients had hyperandrogenism, and the levels of DHEA were most frequently elevated. Therefore, in the face of the importance of hyperandrogenism in the pathogenesis of acne, standardizing the research of the hormone profile is paramount for the treatment and control of relapses in case of a surge of acne breakouts during a woman's adult life.

Análise da melhora dos sinais clínicos do envelhecimento cutâneo com o uso da intradermoterapia: análise clínica, fotográfica e ultrassonográfica / Analysis of improvement of the clinical signs of skin aging with assistance of intradermotherapy: clinical, photographic, and ultrasonographic analyses

Introdução: A intradermoterapia com polirrevitalização é opção terapêutica adicional para o tratamento do fotodano. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do tratamento e rejuvenescimento cutâneo, com o uso de polirrevitalizante injetável composto por antioxidantes, complexos vitamínicos, aminoácidos, coenzimas e ácido hialurônico sem crosslinking, através da intradermoterapia. Método: Foi desenhado estudo clínico monocêntrico retrospectivo, não comparativo e aberto, com 30 pacientes do sexo feminino, submetidas a cinco aplicações de polirrevitalizante injetável na face. As fotos foram analisadas e comparadas por investigador cego e pelo médico aplicador. Através do exame ultrassonográfico, foram analisadas e comparadas espessura e densidade dérmica. Resultado: Houve aumento da espessura e densidade dérmica através da ultrassonografia. A melhora clínica foi observada através das fotos pré e pós-aplicação. Conclusão: A intradermoterapia com o polirrevitalizante estudado mostrou-se boa opção terapêutica ao fotodano.

Introduction: Intradermotherapy with poly-revitalization is an additional therapeutic option for the treatment of photodamage. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intradermotherapy treatment and skin rejuvenation results due to the use of injectable poly-revitalizing substance constituted of antioxidants, vitamin complexes, amino acids, coenzymes, and hyaluronic acid without crosslinking. Method: A retrospective, monocentric, open and non-comparative clinical study with 30 female patients who underwent 5 applications of injectable poly-revitalizing substance in the face. The photographs were analyzed and compared by blinded investigators and the medical professional who applied the treatment. Dermal thickness and density were analyzed and compared through ultrasonography. Result: Increased dermal thickness and density verified through ultrasonography. Clinical improvement was observed through pre- and post-application photographs. Conclusion: Intradermotherapy with the studied poly-revitalizing substance was proven to be a good therapeutic option for the treatment of photodamage.

Ácido Poli-L-Láctico: um agente bioestimulador / Poly-L-lactic acid: a biostimulating agent

O ácido poli-L-láctico (PLLA) é polímero biocompatível, reabsorvível, imunologicamente inerte, que induz a neocolagênese através de resposta inflamatória subclínica, indicado para restauração do volume facial associado à lipoatrofia facial em pacientes imunocompetentes ou com imunodeficiência pelo vírus HIV, além das indicações cosméticas em áreas extrafaciais. Há mais de três décadas vem sendo usado em dispositivos médicos como placas, parafusos, implantes intraósseos, de tecidos moles, como vetor biodegradável para medicamentos, em fios de sutura e stents. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre indicações ao uso do PLLA, seu modo de aplicação e suas possíveis complicações.

Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a biocompatible, re-absorbable, immunologically inert polymer that induces neocollagenesis through a subclinical inflammatory response. It is indicated for restoration of facial volume associated with facial lipoatrophy in immunocompetent or HIV-immunodeficient patients. In addition there are cosmetic indications for extra facial areas. For more than three decades it has been used in medical devices such as plates, screws, intraosseous and soft tissue implants, and as a biodegradable vector for drugs, in sutures and stents. The present article is aimed at presenting a literature review on the indications, application method, and complications of the use of PLLA.