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1.
CJC Open ; 6(3): 560-568, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38559338

RESUMO

Background: Endocardial catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) may fail because of the inability to deliver transmural lesions. Ultra-low-temperature cryoablation (ULTC) uses near-critical nitrogen and can generate temperatures as low as -196 °C. We report a series of 18 patients who underwent ULTC at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), representing the largest single-centre experience to date. Methods: Eighteen patients with monomorphic drug-refractory VT underwent VT ablation with ULTC at our institution as part of the first-in-human CryoCure-VT trial (NCT04893317). After voltage map, the mapping catheter was replaced with the ULTC catheter, and lesions were applied over a fixed duration of time (60-180 seconds), followed by a 60-second thaw and another application at the original duration (freeze-thaw-freeze). Duration of ablation time was selected depending on the wall thickness of the left ventricle monitored with intracardiac echo to achieve tissue depths of 4.5 to 7.5 mm. Results: Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction was 32%, mean age 71 years, 94% were male. A total of 32 sustained VTs were induced in 16 of 18 patients. A total of 177 cryoablation lesions were delivered (9.8 lesions per patient). Of the 16 patients with inducible VT, 15 (94%) were rendered noninducible postablation, and 1 was inducible only for a nonclinical VT. Complications included 1 pericardial effusion that required drainage. From 18 patients, 16 (89%) were discharged within the first 24 hours postablation. Conclusions: ULTC is feasible and permits acute control of monomorphic VT during VT ablation procedures in drug-refractory patients.


Contexte: L'ablation endocardique par cathéter pour traiter la tachycardie ventriculaire (TV) peut être un échec, en raison de l'incapacité à créer des lésions transmurales. La cryoablation à ultra-basse température (ULTC, pour ultra-low-temperature cryoablation) réalisée au moyen d'azote près de son point critique liquide-vapeur peut produire des températures aussi basses que ­196 °C. Nous faisons état d'une série de 18 patients ayant subi une ULTC au Centre universitaire de santé McGill (CUSM), ce qui représente la plus importante expérience menée dans un seul établissement jusqu'à ce jour. Méthodologie: Au total, 18 patients atteints de TV monomorphe pharmacorésistante ont subi une ablation de la TV par ULTC à notre établissement, dans le cadre du premier essai mené chez l'humain sur la guérison par cryothérapie de la TV (NCT04893317). Après l'obtention de la carte électrophysiologique, le cathéter de cartographie a été remplacé par le cathéter d'ULTC, qui a permis de créer des lésions par l'application de froid pendant une durée fixe (de 60 à 180 secondes), suivie d'une période de dégel de 60 secondes, puis d'une autre application de froid pendant la même durée que la première application (cycle gel-dégel-gel). La durée de l'ablation a été déterminée en fonction de l'épaisseur de la paroi du ventricule gauche surveillée par échocardiographie endocavitaire afin d'obtenir des profondeurs tissulaires de 4,5 à 7,5 mm. Résultats: La fraction d'éjection du ventricule gauche initiale était de 32 %, l'âge moyen des sujets était de 71 ans et 94 % d'entre eux étaient de sexe masculin. Au total, 32 TV soutenues ont été induites chez 16 patients sur 18. Dans l'ensemble, 177 lésions de cryoablation ont été créées (soit 9,8 lésions par patient). Après l'ablation, nous avons été incapables d'induire une TV chez 15 (94 %) des 16 patients chez qui nous en avions induit avant l'intervention et, chez le patient restant, nous avons pu induire une TV non clinique seulement. Les complications comprenaient un cas d'épanchement péricardique ayant nécessité un drainage. Au total, 16 (89 %) des 18 patients ont reçu leur congé de l'hôpital dans les 24 heures suivant l'ablation. Conclusions: L'ULTC est réalisable et permet une maîtrise rigoureuse de la TV monomorphe lors des interventions d'ablation de la TV chez les patients dont la TV est pharmacorésistante.

2.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis ; 29(9): 105066, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32807470

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The role of atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke (CS) is well known. However, the usefulness of left atrial (LA) electrical and morphological abnormalities to identify more disabling strokes in sinus rhythm patients is less studied. We evaluated the association between electrocardiographic P-wave abnormalities and echocardiographic LA measures with neurological disability in patients with cryptogenic stroke. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort, we included all consecutive hospitalized patients with cryptogenic stroke. Patients were classified according to modified Rankin scale at hospital discharge and at 3 months. LA abnormalities were identified by electrocardiographic (ECG) P-wave, axis and LA enlargement criteria, and by bidimensional echocardiograph through left atrial diameter and volume index. RESULTS: Among the 143 patients with CS (63.4 ± 14.2 years, 53% women), 70 patients were classified as non-disabling stroke (Rankin score < 2) and 73 patients as disabling stroke (Rankin score ≥ 2) at hospital discharge. On echocardiogram, more patients with disabling stroke presented with enlarged LA volume index (48% vs. 25%; p = 0.01). This difference remained significant after adjustment for age, gender, CHA2DS2-VASc and NIHSS scores (p = 0.02) and even when the LA volume index was analyzed as a continuous variable (p = 0.055). Also, enlarged LA volume index was more prevalent (52% vs. 25%; p = 0.03) among those with disabling stroke at 3 months after hospital discharge. Among ECG criteria, only the LA enlargement assessed by downward deflection was more prevalent in disabling stroke. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated an association between left atrial enlargement, assessed by downward deflection from ECG and volume index from echocardiogram, and more disabling cryptogenic strokes. This information could help to identify patients with poorer prognosis, or a subgroup where atrial cardiopathy may play a role in cardioembolic pathway.


Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/diagnóstico , Função do Átrio Esquerdo , Remodelamento Atrial , Ecocardiografia , Eletrocardiografia , Átrios do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fibrilação Atrial/complicações , Fibrilação Atrial/fisiopatologia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Átrios do Coração/fisiopatologia , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia
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