Effects of time-restricted feeding and walking exercise on the physical health of female college students with hidden obesity: a randomized trial.

Purpose: Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an emerging dietary pattern with many potential effects. This study focused on the effects of TRF and walking on the physical health of female college students with hidden obesity. Methods: A total of 77 female college students with hidden obesity, aged 18-22 years, were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, N = 19), time-restricted feeding group (TRF, N = 19), exercise group (EXE, N = 20), and TRF combined with exercise group (TRF + EXE, N = 19). The interventions lasted for 8 weeks. Tests assessing body shape, body composition, bone mineral density, blood lipid levels, and blood pressure were performed before and after the intervention. Results: (1) Intragroup comparison before and after the intervention revealed that the TRF, EXE, and TRF + EXE groups had significantly reduced body weight (p < 0.01), body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05), and lean tissue mass (LTM) (p < 0.01) but increased total cholesterol (TC) levels (p < 0.05) after the intervention. Body fat percentage (BF%) increased considerably in the EXE and TRF + EXE groups (p < 0.01). (2) Post-intervention comparisons of body weight, BMI, LTM, adipose tissue mass (ATM), total bone mineral density (TBMD), blood lipid levels, and blood pressure between the intervention groups (TRF, EXE, and TRF + EXE) and the CON group showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). (3) A comparison of the changes between the groups before and after the intervention showed significant decreases in body weight in the TRF and TRF + EXE groups (p < 0.05) and in both BMI and LTM in the TRF, EXE, and TRF + EXE groups (p < 0.05) compared to those in the CON group. The BF% change in the EXE and TRF + EXE groups were significantly greater than that in the TRF group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: TRF effectively decreased body weight and BMI in female college students with hidden obesity. However, increased blood lipid levels and decreased LTM levels were also observed. The effects of TRF combined with exercise were not superior to those of TRF or walking alone in terms of body weight, body mass index, body composition, TBMD, or blood lipid levels. Therefore, TRF cannot be considered the best option for fat reduction in female college students with hidden obesity.

A bibliometric analysis of sleep in older adults.

Background: Sleep problems severely affect the quality of life in the elderly and have gradually gained attention among scholars. As a major hot spot of current research, sleep in older adults is highly exploratory and of great significance for human health. Objective: Therefore, in this study, the current state of the art of sleep research in older adults was analyzed through the visual mapping function of CiteSpace software. Using this software, we analyzed popular research questions and directions and revealed the development trends and research frontiers of this field. Methods: In this paper, we searched the Web of Science database for sleep-related studies focusing on older adults and analyzed the number of publications, journals, authors, institutions, country regions, and keywords by using CiteSpace software. Results: Our results revealed that the number of publications concerning sleep in older adults has gradually increased; after 2017, this field underwent rapid development. The journal Sleep has published the majority of the articles on sleep in older adults and has the highest citation frequency. The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society has the highest impact factor and CiteScore among the top 10 journals in terms of the number of published articles. The United States has the highest number of publications and most of the leading institutions in this field are located in the United States, with the University of California, Los Angeles, and the University of Pittsburgh having the highest number of publications. Dzierzewski JM is the most published author and has played an important role in guiding the development of this field. Research in this area is focused on insomnia, sleep quality, depression, and sleep duration. Conclusion: The rapid development of sleep research in older adults, which shows a yearly growth trend, indicates that this field is receiving increasing attention from researchers. Insomnia in older adults is the most concerning problem in this field. At the same time, future research should continue to focus on the impact of sleep disorders on older adults to improve sleep and quality of life in older adults.

A Bibliometric Analysis of High-Intensity Interval Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation.

As global quality of life has improved, the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases have gradually increased in prevalence. People have consequently sought to improve their health through physical exercise. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) tool that has been of great interest for several years. However, its feasibility and safety remain controversial. This study aimed to explore hot research topics and new directions regarding the role of HIIT in CR and to describe the dynamic development of the field. We used the Web of Science Core Collection database to develop visualizations using CiteSpace software (v.6.1.R2). The number of articles published, institutional collaboration networks, author partnerships, and keyword co-occurrence and clustering were used to analyze the impact of HIIT on CR. Our results showed that Norway, Canada, and the United States were the most prominent contributors to this field. Articles by Nigam, A and Juneau, M had the highest number of citations. The Norwegian University of Science and Technology had performed the most in-depth research in this area. The European Journal of Preventive Cardiology had published the most articles. The United States had the highest number of publishing journals. Relevant issues focused on coronary artery disease, exercise capacity, heart failure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity. HIIT in heart transplantation may be at the forefront of research in this field and future studies should focus on this topic. HIIT-based CR can therefore improve the exercise capacity and quality of life of cardiovascular patients and improve patient compliance in a safe manner.