Pregnancy denial and early infant development: a case-control observational prospective study.

BACKGROUND: The denial of pregnancy is the non-recognition of the state of the current pregnancy by a pregnant woman. It lasts for a few months or for the whole pregnancy, with generally few physical transformations. In this study, we will consider the denial of pregnancy as a late declaration of pregnancy (beyond 20 weeks of gestation) as well as a lack of objective perceptions of this pregnancy. The main objective of this study is to explore the relationship between pregnancy denial and the development of the infant (attachment pattern of the infant, early interactions of mother-infant dyads, and early development of the infant). METHODS: The design is a case-control prospective study, which will compare two groups of mother-infant dyads: a "case" group with maternal denials of pregnancy and a "control" group without denials of pregnancy. A total of 140 dyads (mother + infant) will be included in this study (70 cases and 70 controls) and followed for 18 months. The setting is a national recruitment setting with 10 centers distributed all over France. The follow-up of the "cases" and the "controls" will be identical and will occur over 5 visits. It will include measures of the infant attachment pattern, the quality of early mother-infant interaction and infant development. DISCUSSION: This study aims to examine the pathogenesis of pregnancy denial as well as its consequences on early infant development and early mother-infant interaction. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trial Number: NCT02867579 on the date of 16 August 2016 (retrospectively registered).

Chronic Stress protection for postnatal dEpREssioN prEvention (SERENE): a protocol for an exploratory study.

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of postnatal depression (PND) is significant: reaching up to 20% in the general population. In mechanistic terms, the risk of PND lies in an interaction between a maternal psychophysiological vulnerability and a chronic environmental context of stress. On the one hand, repetition of stressor during pregnancy mimics a chronic stress model that is relevant to the study of the allostatic load and the adaptive mechanisms. On the other hand, vulnerability factors reflect a psychological profile mirroring mindfulness functioning (psychological quality that involves bringing one's complete and non-judgemental attention to the present experience on a moment-to-moment basis). This psychological resource is linked to protective and resilient psychic functioning. Thus, PND appears to be a relevant model for studying the mechanisms of chronic stress and vulnerability to psychopathologies.In this article, we present the protocol of an ongoing study (started in May 2017). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study is being carried out in five maternities and will involve 260 women. We aim to determine the predictive psychobiological factors for PND emergence and to provide a better insight into the mechanisms involved in chronic stress during pregnancy. We use a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses psychological resources and biophysiological and genetic profiles in order to detect relevant vulnerability biomarkers for chronic stress and the development of PND. To do so, each woman will be involved in the study from her first trimester of pregnancy until 12 months postdelivery. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was obtained from the Ile de France III Ethics Committee, France (2016-A00887-44). We aim to disseminate the findings through international conferences and international peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03088319; Pre-results.

Acceptability of long-acting, progestin-only contraception in Europe: a two-year prospective, non-interventional study.

OBJECTIVES To compare two-year continuation rates and user satisfaction with the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and the etonogestrel releasing-subdermal implant (ENG implant) in women in Europe. METHODS This prospective, non-interventional study was undertaken at 72 sites in France (n = 61), Great Britain (n = 2), Ireland (n = 3) and Slovakia (n = 6). Women opting to switch their method of contraception to the LNG-IUS or the ENG implant were followed-up over 24 months to document continuation and satisfaction with their chosen contraceptive method. Reasons for discontinuation were documented. RESULTS The data analysed were based on 363 women (LNG-IUS [n = 247] and ENG implant [n = 116]), aged 20 to 45 years, with at least one follow-up visit after contraceptive placement. The documented cumulative continuation rate was 82% in the LNG-IUS group and 67% in the ENG implant group at 24 months. The documented discontinuation rates were 13% and 17%, respectively. Bleeding problems were cited as reason for discontinuation in 4% and 11% of women in the LNG-IUS and ENG implant groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The LNG-IUS is associated with higher continuation rates and user satisfaction than the ENG implant in this study of women in Europe, though the groups were not similar in all respects. Bleeding problems with the ENG implant account for most of the reasons for discontinuing its use.

Acceptability of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system and etonogestrel implant: one-year results of an observational study.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the acceptability and patterns of use of the levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and the etonogestrel releasing-subdermal implant (ENG implant) among young European women. METHODS: A total of 454 women aged 20-35 years opting to switch their method of contraception from oral contraception to the LNG-IUS or ENG implant, were recruited in an observational study in four different European countries (France, Ireland, Slovakia and the United Kingdom). The present paper reports the interim results of the study at 12 months of observation. RESULTS: Data from 311 subjects (211 using the LNG-IUS and 100 using the ENG implant), with at least one follow-up visit after insertion, were analysed. The cumulative continuation rates at 12 months for the LNG-IUS and ENG implant were 93% and 86%, respectively. Most women were satisfied with their method of contraception after one year of follow-up (80% in the LNG-IUS group and 66% in the ENG implant group). CONCLUSIONS: Both the LNG-IUS and the ENG implant are highly acceptable contraceptive options among women with previous experience of oral contraceptive use. The highest continuation and satisfaction rates were observed with the LNG-IUS.

Multicentric infantile myofibromatosis: two perinatal cases.

Infantile myofibromatosis, the most common fibrous tumor of infancy, occurs in solitary, multiple, and generalized forms, with similar histology but different clinicopathologic and prognostic implications. This entity is a mesenchymal disorder characterized by the proliferation of fibrous tumors in the skin, muscles, viscera, bones, and subcutaneous tissues. Visceral lesions are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, generally within the first few months of life. They lead to failure to thrive, to infection, hemorrhage, or to the obstruction of vital organs. We describe two cases of multicentric myofibromatosis with significant in utero lesional growth, resulting in one fetal demise and one post-natal demise. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a fetal death secondary to infantile myofibromatosis.

Recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone versus human menopausal gonadotropin in the late follicular phase during ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of exogenous LH in the late follicular phase on ongoing pregnancies and at the different stages of IVF-ET (stimulation, fertilization, and implantation) in patients with low endogenous LH. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study with modeling of the different phases of IVF-ET. SETTING: IVF center of the teaching hospital in Bordeaux, France. PATIENT(S): Women undergoing IVF and ICSI treatment. INTERVENTION(S): One group received recombinant FSH alone (FSH group) and the other received recombinant FSH and hMG in the late follicular phase (i.e., when the largest follicle reached 14 mm) (FSH/hMG group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Ongoing pregnancy, number of oocytes, and number of embryos. RESULT(S): The FSH/hMG group had a higher probability of having at least one oocyte (odds ratio [OR] = 2.75 [1.11-6.80]), of having at least one embryo after oocyte retrieval (OR = 2.84 [1.33-6.07]), and of ongoing pregnancy after ET (OR = 2.04 [0.83-5.01]), and globally had a higher probability of ongoing pregnancy (OR = 2.83 [1.19-6.71]). CONCLUSION(S): In ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF-ET, LH supplementation in the late follicular phase of women with low endogenous LH is beneficial for ongoing pregnancy by increasing the rate of success of all stages of the treatment.