RESUMO
Although current guidelines for obesity treatment endorse lifestyle modifications to achieve weight loss, energy-restricted diets are still the most commonly used method for the management of overweight. Diet restriction, however, not only is ineffective in promoting long-term weight loss but also may have more costs than benefits, predisposing the individual to fat regain. Several physiological and psychological mechanisms protect the body against starvation and explain how food restriction can promote paradoxically the opposite of what it is planned to achieve, triggering changes in energy metabolism, endocrine function and, thus, body composition. New approaches that focus on behavioral treatment without diet restriction, such as nutritional coaching, are showing strong growth that arises as an innovative way to create sustainable and effective lifestyle changes.
Assuntos
Dieta Redutora/métodos , Tutoria/métodos , Obesidade/terapia , Metabolismo Energético , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Obesidade/metabolismo , Redução de Peso/fisiologiaRESUMO
De acordo com o último relatório da Vigitel 2017 as Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) são responsáveis por 68% de um total de 38 milhões de mortes ocorridas no mundo em 2012. No Brasil, esse cenário não é diferente: em 2011 as DCNT foram responsáveis por 68,3% do total de mortes. Milhares de dólares são gastos hoje com políticas que estimulam hábitos de vida mais saudável, mas essa estratégia, por si só, tem continuamente falhado em produzir resultados consistentes e duradouros. É necessário uma nova abordagem, que promova mudanças no estilo de vida, possibilitando a melhora dos parâmetros de saúde das pessoas. O processo de coaching apoia o desenvolvimento de um relacionamento de ajuda, incentivando o paciente a identificar sua visão, necessidades e objetivos. Além disso, o coaching visa ajudar na organização de rotinas e prioridades, enquanto coloca o paciente no controle de seu destino de saúde.
According to the latest Vigitel 2017 report, non-communicable chronic diseases accounted for 68% of a total of 38 million deaths worldwide in 2012. In Brazil, the scenario is no different; in 2011 the non communicable diseases were responsible for 68.3% of all deaths. Thousands of dollars are spent today on policies that encourage healthier living habits, but this strategy, by itself, has continually failed to produce consistent and long-lasting results. A new approach is needed that promotes lifestyle changes, making it possible to improve people's health parameters. The process of coaching supports the development of a helporiented relationship, encouraging patients to identify their vision, needs and goals. In addition, coaching aims to assist in the organization of routines and priorities, while putting patients in control of their health endgoal.