RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cape Verdean doctors have always graduated abroad. The first experience of pre-graduate medical education in Cape Verde begun in October 2015. Counting how many doctors Cape Verde has, knowing who they are, and knowing how they are distributed are very important to help fine-tune the medical training. The aim of this study is to analyze the evolution of the medical workforce in Cape Verde to support medical education implementation. METHODS: Secondary data on doctors, from July 1975 until December 2014, collected from the Ministry of Health, were entered into an SPSS 20 database and studied by a simple descriptive statistical analysis. RESULTS: The database included data on 401 medical doctors. There was a predominance of females (n = 218; 54.4%). The overwhelming majority (n = 378; 94.3%) graduated from 5 of the 17 countries that contributed to the training of Cape Verdean doctors. All the islands of this archipelago country contributed to the 324 (80.8%) doctors born in the country. Of the 272 doctors still active in December 2014, 119 (43.6%) were general practitioners and 153 (56.4%) had specialized in one of the 31 specialties. The national ratio of doctors per 10 000 inhabitants was 5.25, but the reality varied significantly among islands. About one third of the doctors (n = 86; 32%) were at the primary care level, 38 (14%) at the secondary care level, and 144 (52%) in central hospitals. In 2053, all active physicians in 2014 will already be retired. CONCLUSIONS: This is a unique study of the evolution of the medical workforce of a country over 40 years, from the first day of independence. The study illustrates the importance of international collaborations, particularly of Cuba, in sustaining the medical workforce in Cape Verde. It is an example of how this collaboration was used to equip the country with doctors in an increasingly more equitable distribution across all islands. The study further illustrates the progressive feminization of the medical workforce. The study clarifies the effort required from the emerging medical faculty to supply the national health system with the needed number of doctors.
Assuntos
Educação Médica , Intercâmbio Educacional Internacional , Médicos/provisão & distribuição , Cabo Verde , Cuba , Educação Médica/história , Feminino , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Intercâmbio Educacional Internacional/história , Masculino , Corpo Clínico Hospitalar , Médicos/história , Médicos de Atenção Primária , Fatores Sexuais , EspecializaçãoRESUMO
Transcranial cerebral oximetry is a non-invasive method to support the estimation of the balance in cerebral oxygen metabolism status during interventional neuroradiological procedures. The simple data acquisition can lead to errors by oversimplification in interpretation of the displayed data. To avoid fatal mistakes of the acquired data the complex interactions of the examined substrate with physiological and pathophysiological interactions have to be critically judged as well as the procedural approach and methodological limitations.
Assuntos
Química Encefálica , Oximetria/métodos , Radiografia Intervencionista/métodos , Angiografia Cerebral/métodos , Humanos , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neuroimagem/métodos , Consumo de Oxigênio , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao InfravermelhoRESUMO
Two employees developed allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma which was occupationally related to raising crickets. Skin tests, bronchial challenge, radioallergosorbent test (RAST), in vitro histamine release and a passive transfer test supported the presence of type I hypersensitivity to cricket allergens. Skin tests of other employees and patients of an allergy clinic suggested that cricket emanations are potent allergens.