Revolutionizing Neonatal Care: A Comprehensive Assessment of Neuromotor Development in At-Risk Infants Using the Novel Neonatal Infant Motor Assessment Scale (NIMAS) Test Battery.

We developed a new neonatal neuromotor test battery, the Neonatal Infant Motor Assessment Scale (NIMAS), to perform a detailed neuromotor and holistic assessment of at-risk infants in the neonatal period. METHODS: A total of 68 infants (28-41 Gestational weeks) hospitalised in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were included in the study. The NIMAS is a scale consisting of Automatic Motor Area, Functional Motor Area and sociodemographic form. The Dubowitz Neurological Examination and the Amiel-Tison Neurological Assessment Tests were also applied to evaluate the construct validity of the test. RESULTS: The mean gestational age at birth was 34.62 ± 3.07 weeks and birth weight was 2305.66 ± 738.95. Fifty-one (75%) of the babies were premature and 17 (25%) were term babies. The KMO value to test the adequacy of the distribution for factor analysis was found to be at a very good level. Barlett's test result was 2198.389 (p < 0.05). The amount of variance obtained as 44.76% in the study was at a sufficient level. The factor loads of the questions in the automatic motor domain dimension varied between 0.523 and 0.694 and the factor loads of the questions in the functional motor domain dimension varied between 0.619 and 0.772. Since Cronbach's alpha was above 0.70, the reliability was adequate. Inter-rater scale agreement in the automatic motor domain was 81.1%; scale agreement in the functional motor domFain was 92.9%; and the NIMAS total score agreement was 93.4%. These agreements were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Total correlation above 0.20 indicates that the item is important for the question. According to the results obtained, total correlation values were between 0.258 and 0.720. CONCLUSIONS: The NIMAS is the first test battery to assess the "Functional Motor Area" and this questionnaire, based on the results of the analyses, is a valid, reliable and clinically usable measurement tool for the infant at-risk at the neonatal period.

Development and psychometric evaluation of the paternal support scale of breastfeeding.

BACKGROUND: Social support positively affects the adaptation process of the woman to the maternal role during pregnancy and the postpartum period and increases her sensitivity to her baby. It is known that the support provided by fathers to their wives during this process positively affects their decision to breastfeed and continue. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to contribute to the literature by the Paternal Support Scale of Breastfeeding, testing its validity, reliability and psychometric properties. METHODS: The study, which included 203 fathers with babies 0-6 months of age who were actively breastfed between January and June 2022, was completed in a Medical Faculty Hospital at Konya in Turkey. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated with exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, number/percentage, t-test for dependent and independent groups and correlation analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. RESULTS: Total item correlation coefficient of this scale was found to vary between 0.63 and 0.81. According to the confirmatory factor analysis results the goodness-of-fit index values of the scale indicated that the model has an acceptable fitness, and the 21-item one-dimensional scale has confirmed validity. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that this scale is a good reliable measurement tool that can be used to evaluate levels of paternal support in breastfeeding. The scale can be adapted to different cultures, and cross-cultural comparisons can be planned in future studies. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Spouse and family support increases breastfeeding success. Due to their active role in the decisions made within the family, fathers positively influence mothers' breastfeeding decisions and increase mothers' motivation to continue breastfeeding. This measurement tool, developed to measure partner support in breastfeeding, helps nurses, to determine fathers' support levels in breastfeeding. In this way, nurses can contribute to increasing the duration of breastfeeding by making effective interventions for the solution of partner support problems related to breastfeeding.

The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Disablement in the Physically Active Scale.

CONTEXT: The Disablement in the Physically Active Scale (DPAS) was recently developed to evaluate the disability process and health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DPAS in physically active individuals with musculoskeletal injury. METHODS: The study sample comprised 64 physically active individuals with musculoskeletal injury aged 16-40 years. The DPAS was translated into Turkish according to the guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation. Short Form-36 was used concurrently to test the construct validity. The test-retest reliability of the Turkish version of the scale assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach α was calculated for internal consistency. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis carried out on the Turkish version of the DPAS was confirmed. Cronbach α was calculated to be .946. The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between .593 and .924 (P < .001). The Turkish version of the scale showed significant correlations with domains of the Short Form-36 (P < .05). When the sensitivity of the study was evaluated, the highest correlation was found between DPAS total score and impairments (r = .906, P = .001), and the lowest correlation was  between DPAS total score and quality of life (r = .637, P = .001). CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the DPAS is a reliable, valid, and practical tool. The Turkish version of the DPAS can be used by health professionals to understand quality of life, the disability process, and activity limitations in Turkish-speaking physically active people after musculoskeletal injuries.