Diet and Disease Activity in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis: SpondyloArthritis and NUTrition Study (SANUT).

Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients with inflamed intestines have higher SpA activity. Diets that modulate microbiota may influence inflammation and SpA activity. Today, data concerning the impact of diet on SpA activity are scarce. SANUT was a single-center, noninterventional, cohort study that assessed dietetic profiles associated with SpA activity in axSpA. Demographic, clinical, SpA-related, quality of life (QoL), fatigue, physical activity, and dietary data were collected. SpA activity was assessed by Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) and by Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). We assessed whether high SpA activity was associated with nutriment consumption. Between 12 February 2018 and 12 February 2020, 278 patients participated. High SpA activity, as measured by ASDAS and BASDAI, was significantly associated with higher body mass index and waist circumference, negative HLA-B27, lower QoL, higher fatigue, and higher digestive-symptom scores. Furthermore, high SpA activity, as measured by BASDAI, was associated with female sex, smoking status, patients who were not actively employed, reduced physical activity, and high intake of ultra-transformed foods, while high SpA activity, as measured by ASDAS, was associated with low intake of omega-3 PUFAs and fiber. Therefore, low intakes of omega-3 PUFAs and fiber, and high intake of ultra-transformed foods, are associated with high SpA activity.

Efficacy of rituximab in systemic manifestations of primary Sjogren's syndrome: results in 78 patients of the AutoImmune and Rituximab registry.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS: The AutoImmune and Rituximab registry has included 86 patients with pSS treated with rituximab, prospectivey followed up every 6 months for 5 years. RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients with pSS (11 men, 67 women), who already had at least one follow-up visit, were analysed. Median age was 59.8 years (29-83), median duration of disease was 11.9 years (3-32). Indications for treatment were systemic involvement for 74 patients and only severe glandular involvement in four patients. The median European Sjögren's Syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) was 11 (2-31). 17 patients were concomitantly treated with another immunosuppressant agent. Median follow-up was 34.9 months (6-81.4) (226 patient-years). Overall efficacy according to the treating physician was observed in 47 patients (60%) after the first cycle of rituximab. Median ESSDAI decreased from 11 (2-31) to 7.5 (0-26) (p<0.0001). Median dosage of corticosteroid decreased from 17.6 mg/day (3-60) to 10.8 mg/day (p=0.1). Forty-one patients were retreated with rituximab. Four infusion reactions and one delayed serum sickness-like disease resulted in rituximab discontinuation. Three serious infections (1.3/100 patient-years) and two cancer-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS: In common practice, the use of rituximab in pSS is mostly restricted to patients with systemic involvement. This prospective study shows good efficacy and tolerance of rituximab in patients with pSS and systemic involvement.

Rheumatological management of patients with hemophilia. Part 1: joint manifestations.

The advent of factor VIII and IX replacement therapy has radically changed the physiognomy of hemophilia. In patients with no inhibitors, early replacement therapy shortens the immobilization and decreases the structural and functional alterations related to recurrent hemarthrosis. Routine prophylactic replacement therapy before or after the first episode of hemarthrosis is still rarely used in France. Recurrent hemarthrosis in the same joint can cause synovitis and chronic arthropathy. Injection synovectomy is now the preferred treatment, as opposed to secondary prophylactic replacement therapy and to arthroscopic or open synovectomy. The palliative treatment of chronic arthropathy is difficult and rests on analgesics and rehabilitation therapy, with orthotic devices and/or surgery where appropriate. The treatment of hemophilia is far more difficult in patients with inhibitors and, consequently, considerable hope is being placed in gene therapy, whose first results are encouraging.

Rheumatological management of patients with hemophilia. Part II: Muscle hematomas and pseudotumors.

Although less common than hemarthroses, muscle hematomas nearly always threaten limb function and can threaten life. Their treatment is not as well standardized as that of hemarthrosis but also rests on clotting factor replacement, prevention of contractures, and rehabilitation. Pseudotumors raise even greater treatment challenges and usually require surgery in adults. Presence of an inhibitor is no longer a contraindication to surgery. In HIV-infected patients, surgery is possible only if the CD4+ count is sufficiently high.