RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of Naochuxue prescription (,NCXP) in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with collagenase to generate ICH models, which were then randomly divided into six groups, including control, sham, model, and three intervention groups. The intervention groups received different doses of NCXP (0.13, 0.26, and 0.52 g/kg) daily for 10 d. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the chemical characteristics of NCXP. The neurobehavioral outcomes of the rats were evaluated using neurological deficit scores (Zea Longa 5) and the corner turn test. Pathomorphological changes in perihematomal tissues after ICH were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the inflammation expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3), and sequestosome 1 (p62) were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting in perihematomal tissues. RESULTS: HPLC showed that the NCXP had good stability. Rats with ICH had severe neurological function deficits compared to the control group. IHC results showed that NCXP significantly downregulated the expression of the inflammatory proteins IL-6 and TLR4. ICH rats treated with NCXP showed less neurological injury than the model group, accompanied by a significantly decreased expression of HMGB1, Beclin1, and LC3 and an increased expression of p62. CONCLUSIONS: The neuroprotective effect of NCXP alleviated inflammation and autophagy possibly by downregulating HMGB1 expression. However, further research on the signaling pathways is required to verify this hypothesis.
Assuntos
Autofagia , Hemorragia Cerebral , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Proteína HMGB1 , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Animais , Hemorragia Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia Cerebral/metabolismo , Hemorragia Cerebral/genética , Ratos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína HMGB1/genética , Proteína HMGB1/metabolismo , Masculino , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Humanos , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/genética , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Proteína Beclina-1/genética , Proteína Beclina-1/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the evidence from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practice in the treatment of acute primary headache and provide clinical practice guidance. METHODS: The guidelines were developed in accordance with the World Health Organization guideline development manual. After the establishment of steering committee, panel and the registration and protocol formulation, the evidence on TCM for acute primary headache from published guidelines, clinical evidence, and expert experience and consensus were collected. The grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation method was used to grade the evidence and make the recommendations. RESULTS: Based on the available evidence, the guidelines recommended three TCM herbal decoctions, six Chinese patent medicines, and two kinds of external application of Chinese herbal medicines. Diagnostic recommendations based on the expert experience and consensus were also included in the guidelines. CONCLUSION: TCM diagnosis and treatment of decoction, Chinese patent medicine and external application for treating acute primary headache were recommended. We hope these guidelines will be helpful in standardize the TCM acute treatment of primary headache.