RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a prevalent health challenge in India, with a bidirectional link to depression. Recognizing the prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients and associated factors are important for better health outcomes. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies. R software was used for analysis, employing a random effects model with a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses were done to explore sources of heterogeneity within the included studies. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients in India was 39.8% (95% CI: 28.6; 52.1). Despite a higher prevalence observed in South region (44.7%) compared to North (26.9%), the difference was not significant (p=0.39). Studies utilizing different assessment scales and varying sample sizes yielded similar prevalence. However, a temporal trend analysis indicated a higher prevalence in studies published between 2020 and 2023 (52.6%) compared to those published between 2016 and 2019 (35.5%) (p=0.03). Major factors associated with depression included lower socioeconomic status, low education level, female gender, uncontrolled hypertension, and COVID-19 related factors. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of hypertensive patients suffer from depression. Therefore, screening for depression in hypertensive patients is essential to improve hypertension management in India.
RESUMO
12 broiler breeder hens aged 56 weeks were given 0.2 ml Geriforte/kg body weight via the drinking water. The experiment was carried out between May 25 and July 23. The plasma corticosteroid content of the treated animals was significantly reduced as compared with the 12 control hens (3.86 vs. 5.21 mg/dl during the dry season and 4.0 vs. 5.0 mg/dl during the rainy season). There was no significant influence on the number of eggs, feed consumption, respiration rate, body temperature, protein, glucose, sodium, and potassium content of the blood plasma.