Long-hair follicular unit excision enhances the cosmetic results of hairline restoration: A retrospective study in Chinese recipients.

BACKGROUND: Long-hair follicular unit excision (LHF) is gaining popularity, especially for hairline restoration, because it helps avoid hair removal in the donor area and provides better immediate postoperative results. AIMS: This study aimed to assess the postoperative clinical outcomes of LHF for hairline restoration. PATIENTS/METHODS: Data from 248 patients (223 women and 25 men) who underwent hairline restoration with LHF between September 2018 and June 2022 were analyzed, and they were followed up immediately and 9 months postoperatively. The complications and survival rate of long-hair grafts were assessed. Patient postoperative satisfaction was assessed using a 5-Point Likert Scale. The Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) assessed the quality of the postoperative life. RESULTS: The planned extraction density was set at 15-25 FU/cm2. The mean number of total extracted hair grafts, transection rate in the extraction area, and extraction time were 1970 ± 124 FU, 3.9 ± 0.2%, and 3.2 ± 0.8 h, respectively. The hairline implantation density was set at 50-70 FU/cm2. The mean number of total transplanted hair grafts was 2031 ± 371 FU; the implant time was 3.8 ± 1.9 h. No serious complications occurred within 7 days postoperatively. The mean graft survival rate was 93.1 ± 1.3% at 9 months postoperatively. All patients were satisfied with the immediate postoperative results, and most were satisfied with the 9-month outcomes (mean overall satisfaction score: 4.7). The scores of physical function, psychological function, social function and material life function after operation were higher than those before operation (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Hairline restoration with LHF could enhance the cosmetic outcomes and be widely used in clinical practice.

How does interactive virtual reality enhance learning outcomes via emotional experiences? A structural equation modeling approach.

Introduction: Interest in interactive virtual reality (IVR) is increasing due to its potential for embodied learning and group-led teaching. However, few studies have investigated the internal mechanism by which IVR technology features and learning experiences affect learning outcomes in terms of psychological and emotional value. Based on media technology models and the control value theory of achievement emotions (CVTAE), this study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the correlations among the internal elements of IVR technology features, learning experiences, and learning outcomes. It also emphasizes the role played by emotional experience in this context. Methods: The sample referenced by this study consisted of 480 college students (193 males) who were simultaneously engaged in guided inquiry and learning in an IVR-based COVID-19 pandemic science museum in groups of 10. Results: The findings suggest that presence and perceived enjoyment have a key mediating effect on the relationship between virtual reality (VR) features and perceived learning outcomes in an IVR-based learning simulation. In addition, the results indicate that presence is more strongly correlated with perceived learning effects, while enjoyment is more strongly correlated with learning satisfaction. Discussion: These findings provide intellectual support and theoretical backing for VR-based instructional design and environmental development. Moreover, this study has practical value with regard to the future large-scale application of IVR to experiential teaching, group-led teaching, and the promotion of the digital transformation and intelligence upgrading in education.

Investigation of optimum transplant and extraction density based on the data from the donor area of Chinese androgenetic alopecia patients: a multicenter, retrospective study.

The rise in the incidence of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in China has increased the inclination toward hair transplantation. To calculate the optimum density of hair follicles needed covering both the hairless area and the safe donor area (SDA), 119 male patients with AGA were recruited into this multicenter investigation. We evaluated the mean diameter and the number of hair follicles (HFs) and follicular units (FUs) in the SDA of AGA. The mean density of HFs was 137.45 ± 30.11 hair/cm2 and the FUs was 76.82 ± 12.09 FUs/cm2. The mean diameter of the hair was 0.97 ± 0.01 mm in the SDA. We obtained the decisive factors in the restoration of the scalp by building a geometric model and summarizing it in a new formula. This study showed that the length and direction of the hair play a vital role in restoring the bald area with hair transplantation. The density of 55.00 ± 10.00 hair/cm2 (30.00 ± 5.00 FUs/cm2) for the transplanted area and no less than 106.88 hair/cm2 (60.00 FUs/cm2) for SDA is regarded as an optimum parameter for hair transplantation of AGA.

Equivalence of the Wei potential model and Tietz potential model for diatomic molecules.

By employing the dissociation energy and the equilibrium bond length for a diatomic molecule as explicit parameters, we generate improved expressions for the well-known Rosen-Morse, Manning-Rosen, Tietz, and Frost-Musulin potential energy functions. It is found that the well-known Tietz potential function that is conventionally defined in terms of five parameters [T. Tietz, J. Chem. Phys. 38, 3036 (1963)] actually only has four independent parameters. It is shown exactly that the Wei [Phys. Rev. A 42, 2524 (1990)] and the well-known Tietz potential functions are the same solvable empirical function. When the parameter h in the Tietz potential function has the values 0, +1, and -1, the Tietz potential becomes the standard Morse, Rosen-Morse, and Manning-Rosen potentials, respectively.