RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation contributes to the regulation of growth factors that promote cellular adhesion, mobility, and survival, being a key factor in tumor development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression patterns of FAK and its phosphorylated forms, FAK Tyr-576 and FAK Tyr-925, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and non-neoplastic adjacent epithelial tissue (AE). METHODS: The percentage of immunohistochemistry stained cells and its correlation with clinicopathological variables and prognosis were determined using samples from 54 patients. RESULTS: FAK, FAK Tyr-576, and FAK Tyr-925 overexpression was observed in tumor zones and AE. FAK Tyr-576 immunostaining showed a relationship with tumor clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, positive immunostaining of FAK Tyr-576 in AEsue was associated with patients prognoses. CONCLUSIONS: Increased expression of FAK Tyr-576 could enable identification of tumors with a more aggressive behavior and epithelial alterations before the appearance of clinical or histological manifestations.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Proteína-Tirosina Quinases de Adesão Focal/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Epitélio/metabolismo , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/mortalidade , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PrognósticoRESUMO
Angina bullosa hemorrhagica (ABH) is a condition characterized by blood blisters in the oral or oropharyngeal mucosa. Typically, the first presentation of ABH is acute, and rupture of the blisters occurs after a few hours or days. Although its etiology is unclear, ABH is assumed to be associated with predisposing factors such as local trauma or chronic use of inhaled steroids. The diagnosis is defined clinically, based on the presentation and evolution of the lesions. The recommended treatment is symptomatic, but extensive lesions may present a risk of airway obstruction and may require surgical excision. This case series reports 7 cases of ABH and reviews 199 cases published in the English-language literature. The possible etiologic factors, predisposing factors, and differential diagnoses are discussed.