Sexual Identity and Motivations for Prescription Drug Misuse Among U.S. Adults.

Purpose: Although we know that sexual minority populations, particularly bisexual individuals, tend to be at increased risk for substance use, less research has focused on prescription drug misuse (PDM). The current study is the first to assess differences in motivations for PDM by sexual identity and sex. This is important as research has established a link between certain motivations and adverse outcomes. Methods: This study used data from multiple years of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015-2018). Respondents who reported past-year PDM were asked follow-up questions to identify motivations for PDM. We ran several weighted cross-tabulations to estimate the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for motivations for PDM by sexual identity (i.e., heterosexual, lesbian or gay, and bisexual) for males and females separately. When chi-square tests were significant, post hoc comparisons using design-based multivariable regressions were conducted. Results: Prevalence rates for both PDM and substance use disorder associated with prescription drugs were higher among sexual minority adults than heterosexual adults. With regard to motives, bisexual females were more likely to endorse recreational motives (i.e., to get high) for prescription opioids, tranquilizers, and stimulants than heterosexual females. Gay males were more likely to endorse self-treatment motives (e.g., to relax, to lose weight) than both bisexual and heterosexual males. Conclusion: High prevalence rates and endorsement of recreational motives identify bisexual females as an important at-risk population. It is important for clinicians to consider how prevention, treatment, and intervention strategies focused on PDM may be improved to best target this unique population.

Tumor del estroma gastrointestinal de duodeno / Tumors of the duodenal gastrointestinal stroma

Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal localizados en el duodeno, constituyen la localización más compleja para el tratamiento de esta neoplasia, es relativamente infrecuente, con una prevalencia de 5% a 7% de todos los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal tratados quirúrgicamente. La mayoría de los reportes publicados sobre estos tumores son reportes de casos. Las manifestaciones clínicas, el diagnóstico radiológico, el tratamiento quirúrgico y los factores pronósticos constituyen materia de controversia. Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal malignos son generalmente de gran tamaño (>5 cm), con índice mitótico alto, y pueden dar metástasis a hígado y peritoneo. Se reporta el caso de un hombre de 41 años con dolor abdominal de comienzo súbito. El estudio ecográfico demostró lesión compleja que ocupaba el hemiabdomen superior derecho. La tomografía abdominal masa sólida, heterogénea, hipercaptante, en íntimo contacto con el duodeno. Se realizó laparotomía con tumor de 20 cm en íntimo contacto con la primera porción del duodeno, realizando exéresis del mismo. El estudio anatomopatológico reveló un tumor de bajo grado con células características del estroma intestinal. La inmunohistoquímica confirmó la estirpe estromal intestinal del tumor. Se completa resección quirúrgica.

The tumors of the gastrointestinal stroma located in the duodenum are the most complex location for this neoplasia treatment; they are relatively infrequent, with a prevalence of 5 - 7 % of all the stromal gastrointestinal tumors surgically treated. Most of the reports published on these tumors are case reports. The clinical manifestations, the radiological diagnosis, the surgical treatment and the predictive factors are controversial matters. The malignant stromal gastrointestinal tumors are, in general, of great size (>5 cm), with a high mitotic index, and could give metastasis to the liver and peritoneum. We report the case of a man aged 41 years with abdominal pain of sudden beginning. The echographic study showed complex lesion occupying the upper right hemi abdomen. The abdominal tomography showed an increased uptake, heterogeneous, solid mass, in intimate contact with the duodenum. A laparotomy was carried out with a 20-cm tumor in intimate contact with the first duodenal portion, excising it. The anatomopathological study revealed a low grade tumor with intestinal stroma characteristic cells. The surgical resection was completed.