[Sexuality and risk for sexual transmission of HIV among serodiscordant couples in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. / Sexualité et risque de transmission du VIH chez les couples sérodiscordants suivis à l'hôpital de jour du CHU de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).

This article is a contribution to improve the management of serodiscordant couples in Ouagadougou. The aim of the study was to explore sexuality and the risk for sexual transmission of HIV among serodiscordant couples followed-up in CHU-YO. The study consisted of a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over 6 months, from 1 January 2010 to 30 June 2010. A total of 80 heterosexual serodiscordant couples participated. Women were infected with HIV in most cases (75%). The mean age was 37.5 years for HIV partners and 40 years for seronegatives. Men were significantly older than women (p = 0.01). The couples weremarried (83.7%) or cohabiting (16.3%). The average of serodiscordance duration was 4 years. Seventy-four couples (92.5%) engaged in sexual intercourses, mostly vaginal intercourses. Both partners were satisfied only in 9 couples (12.2%). Although most couples (97.5%) knew the use of condoms for HIV prevention, 59.5% did not use it consistently, particularly when women were the seropositive partners (p = 0.01). The lack of privacy (37.5%) and desire of childbearing (26.25%) were the main reasons for not consistently using condoms among couples. Sexual dysfunction was a concern with 97.5% of the couples. The decrease in libido was most common (37.2%). Sexual intercourses with an outside partner were reported in 20 couples (25%), mostly regarding men (p = 0.03). Specific management could improve the quality of sexual life for couples in the light of the difficulties they face and reduce the risk for HIV transmission to negative partners.

[Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among hospital staff in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)]. / Prévalence et facteurs de risque associés à la lombalgie chez le personnel hospitalier à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors, associated with low back pain among hospital staff in a developing country. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This transversal study was conducted from March 2007 to February 2008 at Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou (CHU-YO), Burkina Faso. RESULTS: There were 256 men and 180 women with an average age of 38 +/- 8.25 years (range, 22 to 58). Mean BMI was 25.11 +/- 4.03 Kg/m2. The prevalence of chronic low back pain was 56.4% overall, 47.3% in men and 69.4% in women. Individual risk factors included female sex (p=0.000004), age (p=0.026), and high BMI (p=0.0002). Sports activity appeared to be a protective factor (p=0,035). Professional risk factors were the number of working hours per week (p=0,005) and numbers of guards per month (p=0.014) and posture during work (p=0.01). Analysis of socioprofessional consequences revealed significant impact in 43 (17,5%) patients. The loss work hours in 2007 were estimated to 1020. Three patients had to change working stations due to disability and 82 (19%) reported restricted working capacity. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of low back pain is high among hospital staff of CHU-YO. Preventive measures are needed to reduce socioprofessional consequences.

[Rheumatologic diseases and haemoglobinopathies in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)]. / Pathologies rhumatologiques et hémoglobinopathies à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).

The purpose of this study is the prevalence of the rheumatologic complications in the sickle cell disease and the associations between haemoglobinopathies and rheumatologic affections. It is a retrospective study from 29 February 2006 to 28 March 2008 conducted in the Internal Department of the University Hospital Yalgado-Ouédraogo. All patients received in the period of study and having an electrophoresis of haemoglobin realized in alkaline pH were included. These patients came from hematologic consultation. Two hundred and seventy-seven patients out of 1451 were included: 142 patients (51.30%) had haemoglobinopathies, including 21 (7.60%) with composite sickle cell disease SC and 17 patients (6.13%) had aseptic necrosis of the femoral head including 7 with haemoglobin SC. The other rheumatologic affections did not have a semiological particularity related to the type of haemoglobin. The prevalence of patients who have haemoglobinopathies is important in rheumatologic practice. The sickle cell disease is strongly associated to osteonecrosis.

[Rheumatic disorders observed in HIV infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART): a 366 case prospective study in Burkina Faso]. / Manifestations rhumatologiques des personnes vivant avec le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, traitées par antirétroviraux: etude prospective de 366 malades au Burkina Faso.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this report is to describe epidemiological aspects of rheumatic disorders observed in HIV-infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Patients and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to June 30, 2008 in the HIV unit of an internal medicine department in Burkina Faso. All patients who had been undergoing HAART for at least one year were included. Interviewing and thorough physical examination were performed in all cases. Radiography of the pelvis and hip was performed in some patients. Bone densitometry was never performed. RESULTS: A total of 366 patients including 265 women and 101 men (sex ratio of 0.38) were included. Mean patient age was 39.61 +/- 8.54 years. Three hundred and thirty-five patients (91.53%) were positive for HIV1, 17 (4.64%) for HIV2 and 14 (3.83%) for both HIV1 and HIV2. Mean duration of infection was 3.58 +/- 1.88 years. Mean CD4 cell count was 394.20 cell/microL. A recent HIV viral load determination was available for 285 patients including 262 who had no detectable virus. Mean duration of HAART was 35.80 +/- 15.17 months. Only 61 patients (16.66%) were treated with protease inhibitor (PI). The prevalence of rheumatic disorders was 5.73% (21 cases). A variety of disorders were observed, i.e., lower back pain in 8 patients (38.1%), arthralgia in 4 patients including 2 treated with PI, osteoarthritis of the knee in 2 patients, Pott disease in 2 patients, De Quervain disease in 2 patients including one treated with PI, tendinitis of the shoulder in one patient treated with PI, gout in one patient treated with PI and unclassifiable inflammatory rheumatism in one patient. No case of symptomatic osteonecrosis or osteoporosis was observed. CONCLUSION: Rheumatic disorders are uncommon in the HIV-infected patients undergoing HAART in Burkina Faso. The most likely explanation is that PI is not widely used.

[Arthropathic and degenerative pathology in rheumatology patients in Burkina Faso]. / Pathologie mécanique et dégénérative en consultation de rhumatologie au Burkina Faso.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this report is to describe epidemiologic features of arthrosic and degenerative disorders observed during the first two years of rheumatologic practice in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The files of all patients examined between March 2006 to February 2008 were reviewed. All patients presenting arthrosic or degenerative disorders were included. RESULTS: Out of 1,439 patients examined during the study period, 1,078 (74.91%) were included. Spine pain accounted for 33.7% of cases, i.e., 485 patients including 306 with lumbago. The mean age in this group was 47.8 +/- 15.19 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0,75. Osteoarthritis represented 20.43% of cases including osteoarthritis of the knee in 18%. The mean age in this group was 54.66 +/- 12.29 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.23. Aseptic osteonecrosis (AON) of the femoral head was observed in 1.11% of cases, i.e. 16 patients including 8 with sickle cell disease (SC) The mean age in this group was 40.75 years. Abarticular rheumatism accounted for 15.98% of cases, i.e. 230 patients including 118 cases with tendinitis of the shoulder. The mean age in this group was 48.48 years. CONCLUSION: Arthrosic and degenerative disorders observed in this series from Ouagadougou presented the same semiological features as in other African series. Primary osteoarthritis of the hip was uncommon.

[Chronic osteomyelitis at the Ouagadougou teaching hospital (Burkina Faso). A retrospective study of 102 cases (1996-2000)]. / Ostéomyélites chroniques au CHU de Ouagadou- gou (Burkina Faso). Etude rétrospective de 102 cas (1996-2000).

This is a retrospective study carried out in the orthopaedic and trauma department of the Yalgado-Ouédraogo teaching hospital. All the patients hospitalized in the service with a chronic osteomyelitis (COM) from March 1, 1996 to March 28, 2000 were included. The frequency of COM was 5.3%. The patients' average age was 17.7 with extremes of 2 and 60 years old. 63.9% were male; 80.7% had fistulized COM. A pathological fracture was observed in 16.9% of the patients. Lower limbs were affected most frequently (65%). Thirty patients (36.1%) had haemoglobin S, among them 22 had a major sickle cell disease. Staphylococcus aureus was present in the majority of the cases (more than 50%). Salmonella were observed among patients carrying haemoglobin S. One case of ceftriaxone-resistance salmonella osteomyelitis was reported. The medico-surgical and orthopaedic treatment was statistically more favourable than a medical or medico-surgical treatment without immobilization.