Prevalence and factors associated with oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma: An institutional study.

INTRODUCTION: Incidence & prevalence of OPMDs & OSCC is increasing day by day, thereby escalating the burden of oral cancer in India. Oral cancer ranks in the top three of all cancers in India and is quickly becoming a health priority. This study aims to assess prevalence and associated factors of OPMDs and OSCC in patients attending dental OPD and its association with age, gender, habit (type & duration), clinical presentation and site of involvement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospectively 12 months study was conducted in the outpatient department. Patient's data whether suspected or proven cases of OPMDs & OSCC and fits in clinical criteria were reviewed and analysed for demographic data, oral adverse habit, clinical presentation and site of involvement. RESULTS: Overall 38,588 patient's data were analysed for 12 month time duration. Out of this 552 (1.43%) cases of OPMDs and 58 (0.15%) cases of OSCC were reported. Out of 552 maximum patients were reported with OSMF (34.4%), followed by other lesions and minimum with LP (7.9%). Age group most commonly affected was above 45 years (44.9%) of age. Males (81.1%) were affected more than females. OPMDs (92%) and OSCC (96.5%) were mostly associated with smokeless or smoking form of tobacco. CONCLUSION: Present study evaluated the prevalence rates and associated factors of OPMDs & OSCC, which is beneficial for general practitioner in early diagnosis, formulating better treatment plan and to educate general population about risk factors, early signs and symptoms of these lesions.

Bone invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Comparative analytic study in orthopantomogram and technetium 99 m bone scan.

Aims and Objective: To compare the bone invasion in orthopantomogram (OPG) and technetium 99 m bone scan in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: Clinically and histopathologically proven 30 cases of OSCC were randomly selected. OPG and Tech 99m bone scan was carried out in all selected patients. The results were analyzed according to age, sex, and site of involvement. OPG findings and bone scanning uptake were also compared according to site, grade, and difference of uptake. Results: Group of patients which showed definite bone invasion in OSCC were positive in radionuclide uptake imaging while another group of patients which showed no changes in OPG had some patients which were positive on radionuclide uptake imaging while few were negative on both OPG and bone scanning. Conclusion: Combination of OPG and Tech 99m bone scan was more accurate in detecting bone invasion in OSCC than OPG and bone scan alone.

Armoured brain of unknown etiology.

Armoured brain is a rare condition where dense calcification occurs over the brain. It can result in mass effect and raised intracranial pressure. Most often, it happens due to trauma, subdural effusion, infection, or after VP shunt. There is controversy in its treatment. Most published literature does not support removing the calcification. We describe a rare case of idiopathic chronic calcified subdural hematoma with relatively short history which was successfully treated by microsurgical removal of calcification over the brain. This resulted in complete expansion of the brain with relief in symptoms.