Fostering Resilience in Nursing Students in the Academic Setting: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Nursing students experience similar stress-related health issues as RNs and have been identified as a group of health professionals who may be unable to cope effectively with stress. Studies have emphasized the need to incorporate resilience programs at higher education institutions for nursing students. However, it is important to identify strategies that increase resilience to ensure future programs are effective and follow an evidence-based approach. METHOD: This mixed-methods systematic review was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists for assessment and quality appraisal. Data were extracted and synthesized thematically. RESULTS: Category intervention strategies were identified and used to cluster three intervention strategy themes. Three outcome themes also were synthesized to examine strategy effectiveness. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate multicomponent interventions that include information sharing, skill application, and reflective learning are effective in helping nursing students manage stress and increase resilience. [J Nurs Educ. 2022;61(5):229-235.].

Peripheral thermometry: Agreement between non-touch infrared versus traditional modes in an adult population.

AIM: To test whether infrared non-touch forehead thermometry (FNTT) obtains comparable temperature readings in adults compared with common, non-invasive thermometry methods such as axillary (DAT), oral (DOT) and infrared tympanic (ITT). DESIGN: A prospective, repeated-measures comparative diagnostic test study design was used for this study. METHODS: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 169 nursing students over 3 months (March 2019 to May 2019). Participants had their temperature measured once with each of the four thermometers. Agreement between thermometers was assessed using repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc testing. RESULTS/FINDINGS: One hundred and sixty-one participants were included in the final analysis. A repeated-measures ANOVA showed statistically significant differences between the four thermometer temperature readings. Post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment revealed infrared non-touch forehead thermometry demonstrated statistically significant higher mean temperatures compared with digital oral thermometry MD = 0.466℃ (95% CI, 0.357-0.576, p < .001) and digital axillary thermometry MD = 0.897℃ (95% CI, 0.752-1.043, p < .001), but not with infrared tympanic MD = 0.069℃ (95% CI, -0.025-0.162, p = .307). CONCLUSIONS: This study found that infrared non-touch forehead thermometry consistently produced higher temperature readings in adults compared with other common forms of peripheral thermometry. Caution should be taken when using forehead non-touch thermometer readings interchangeably with digital oral and digital axillary readings unless corrections for bias are made. More research is needed into whether infrared non-touch forehead thermometry and infrared tympanic could be used interchangeably. IMPACT STATEMENT: This study aimed to address whether non-touch forehead could be used interchangeably with other common forms of non-invasive thermometry. Our result revealed inconsistencies in temperature readings between the different thermometers. Consequently, healthcare professionals should exercise caution when monitoring temperature trends where readings have been taken by different types of peripheral thermometers. This study could impact healthcare clinicians responsible for the monitoring and recording of peripheral temperatures.

An investigation of factors that impact patients' subjective experience of nurse-led clinics: a qualitative systematic review.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the qualitative evidence on factors that affect the experience of patients attending nurse-led clinics and compare with key elements of person-centred care. BACKGROUND: As the number of nurse-led clinics increases in response to health system needs, evaluation has focused on clinical outcomes and cost. Patient experiences are less researched and yet, they are an important influence on clinical outcomes and an indicator of person-centred care. A detailed review of existing research in this area is needed. DESIGN: A systematic review of primary, qualitative literature was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology of meta-aggregation. METHODS: Published research from 1990-2012 was located using CINAHL, PubMed, Medline and PsycINFO. Reference lists were searched and analysed. Two reviewers assessed the papers for methodological quality using instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute to critically appraise, extract data and meta-aggregate findings. RESULTS: Eleven studies met all inclusion criteria. Three meta-synthesis statements were derived from 46 findings aggregated to nine categories. The key themes relating to establishment of a therapeutic relationship, effective communication, and clinical skills and collaboration mapped closely to the person-centred care framework. CONCLUSION: Concepts central to person-centred care proved to be factors impacting patients' subjective experience. Further research is warranted to meet the challenge to transform the key concepts of the person-centred care model into everyday nursing practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Knowledge of patients' feelings and the importance of person-centred, individualised care may contribute to development of future training and re-training programs in basic nursing skills. This is significant in that it contributes to future positive patient experience.

Development and psychometric testing of the Nursing Workplace Relational Environment Scale (NWRES).

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Nursing Workplace Relational Environment Scale (NWRES). BACKGROUND: A positive relational environment in the workplace is characterised by a sense of connectedness and belonging, support and cooperation among colleagues, open communication and effectively managed conflict. A poor relational environment in the workplace may contribute to job dissatisfaction and early turnover of staff. DESIGN: Quantitative survey. METHOD: A three-stage process was used to design and test the NWRES. In Stage 1, an extensive literature review was conducted on professional working relationships and the nursing work environment. Three key concepts; collegiality, workplace conflict and job satisfaction were identified and defined. In Stage 2, a pool of items was developed from the dimensions of each concept and formulated into a 35-item scale which was piloted on a convenience sample of 31 nurses. In Stage 3, the newly refined 28-item scale was administered randomly to a convenience sample of 150 nurses. Psychometric testing was conducted to establish the construct validity and reliability of the scale. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 22-item scale. The factor analysis indicated a four-factor structure: collegial behaviours, relational atmosphere, outcomes of conflict and job satisfaction which explained 68.12% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the NWRES was 0.872 and the subscales ranged from 0.781-0.927. CONCLUSION: The results of the study confirm the reliability and validity of the NWRES. Replication of this study with a larger sample is indicated to determine relationships among the subscales. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results of this study have implications for health managers in terms of understanding the impact of the relational environment of the workplace on job satisfaction and retention.

Intraprofessional relations in nursing.

AIM: This paper is a report of a study to explore the way in which Registered Nurses relate to and interact with each other in the workplace, and to identify factors that influence nurses' interactions with each other. BACKGROUND: Intraprofessional relations are an important topic both for nurses and nursing as we face the ongoing challenges of nurse shortages. Poor colleague relationships, together with workplace conflict, cause job dissatisfaction. As a consequence, some nurses leave the profession while others continue working but remain chronically unhappy. METHOD: An explanatory multiple case study design was adopted. Data were collected from multiple sources on three different wards within one hospital in Australia between July 2005 and January 2006. FINDINGS: The workplace can be a difficult place for both very experienced and less experienced nurses, regardless of the clinical environment. Nurses navigate their way in the workplace through a series of complex negotiations with each other and develop skills to assess the potential success of an interaction before approaching another nurse. Some also develop a resilience to conflict in their workplace, accepting it as part of working life. CONCLUSION: Creation of a more positive work environment requires increased understanding of the way nurses relate to each other and appreciation of the factors in the environment that contribute to conflict and a negative atmosphere. This appreciation is a necessary prerequisite to developing a more satisfying and productive workplace enhancing the recruitment of new nurses and the retention of experienced nurses.