RESUMO
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), more commonly known as 'ecstasy' or XTC, is frequently used by young adults in the major cities. Therefore, it is likely that dentists might be confronted with individuals who use ecstasy. This review describes systemic and oral effects of ecstasy. Life-threatening complications include hyperthermia, hyponatraemia and liver failure. In addition, psychotic episodes, depression, panic disorders and impulsive behaviour have been reported. Oral effects include xerostomia, bruxism, and an increased risk of developing dental erosion. Mucosal changes have also been reported. Recent use of ecstasy may interfere with dental treatment. Finally, the potential use of saliva for non-invasive detection of ecstasy is discussed.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Doentes Crônicos , Alucinógenos/efeitos adversos , N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/efeitos adversos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/etiologia , Adulto , Animais , Bruxismo/induzido quimicamente , Bruxismo/complicações , Alucinógenos/química , Humanos , N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/química , Úlceras Orais/induzido quimicamente , Saliva/química , Abrasão Dentária/etiologia , Erosão Dentária/induzido quimicamente , Xerostomia/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
Ecstacy is a frequently used drug, especially by young adults in the big cities.Therefore, it is likely that dentists might be confronted with individuals that use XTC. This review of the literature describes the systemic and oral effects of XTC. Life-threatening complications include hyperthermia, hyponatreaemia and liver failure. In addition, psychotic episodes, depression, panic disorders and impulsive behaviour have been reported. Oral effects include mucosal changes, xerostomia and an increased risk of developing dental erosion and bruxism. Finally, the potential use of saliva for detection of XTC is discussed.