RESUMO
The host feeding patterns of three species of mosquitoes belonging to vishnui sub group, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex vishnui and Culex pseudovishnui, the most prevalent species in Dibrugarh district were determined by analysing their blood meals. All 3 species were found be essentially zoophilic. High percentage of pig feeding was observed in Culex tritaeniorhynchus (40 per cent) and Culex vishnui (35.3 per cent) in comparison to other prevalent species in this area. In contrast Culex pseudovishnui another member of this group was not attracted to pigs (0.4 per cent). Few human feeds were recorded for Culex tritaeniorhynchus (0.4 per cent), Culex vishnui (0.4 per cent) and Culex pseudovishnui (0.8 per cent), indicating their occasional contact with human hosts. Considering the importance of this group as proven vectors of Japanese encephalitis the relevance of these results to JE transmission in this area are discussed.
Assuntos
Bovinos/parasitologia , Culex/fisiologia , Encefalite Japonesa/transmissão , Suínos/parasitologia , Animais , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Humanos , ÍndiaAssuntos
Antimaláricos/farmacologia , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais/química , Plasmodium/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Índia , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Plasmodium berghei/efeitos dos fármacos , Plasmodium berghei/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Plasmodium falciparum/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
In a survey on the anopheline fauna in highly malaria endemic areas of the Tirap district of Arunachal Pradesh, 7476 anophelines belonging to 17 species were collected, including seven species of anophelines which are recognized malaria vectors in India. Anopheles tessellatus and A. jamesii were recorded for the first time in this area. The parasitological survey revealed that the area was endemic for malaria particularly P. falciparum, the slide positivity rate and slide falciparum rate being 25.63 and 19.21 per cent respectively. On dissection of 10 anopheles species, malarial infection was detected in two viz., A. minimus and A. dirus.
Assuntos
Anopheles , Malária/transmissão , Animais , Anopheles/parasitologia , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Insetos Vetores , Malária/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/transmissãoRESUMO
The genotoxic effect of an extract of smoke-dried meat was assayed by employing in vivo sperm head shape abnormality. A significant dose responsive mutagenic effect was observed using the sperm head shape abnormality test. The result indicates that higher doses i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg body wt. of smoke meat extract, significantly induced sperm head shape abnormality as compared to lower doses i.e., 20 mg/kg body wt. and control.
Assuntos
Carne/análise , Testes de Mutagenicidade , Cabeça do Espermatozoide/ultraestrutura , Animais , Índia , Masculino , Camundongos , Mutagênicos/isolamento & purificação , Mutagênicos/farmacologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/etiologia , Fumaça , Cabeça do Espermatozoide/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos de Tecidos/análiseRESUMO
A three year study carried out in 44 villages (pop. 17,938) reveals seasonal transmission of malaria i.e., from June to November. The incidence of malaria was high in the year 1988 in comparison to that of 1987 and 1989. P. falciparum was the predominant species. The population living in forest fringe areas were more prone to malaria than the rest. Anopheles nigerrimus, An. kochi, An. karwari and An. philippinensis were most abundant among the 16 anopheline species collected. Known vectors of malaria such as An. minimus, An. philippinensis, An. annularis and An. dirus were detected. An. dirus was incriminated as vector during this study.
Assuntos
Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Vivax/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Animais , Anopheles/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Insetos Vetores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estações do Ano , Tempo (Meteorologia)Assuntos
Malária/genética , Plasmodium falciparum , Plasmodium vivax , Polimorfismo Genético , Migrantes , Animais , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Índia , MasculinoRESUMO
Anopheles nigerrimus, A. vagus, A. dirus, A. karwari and A. kochi were the most abundant species among 12 anopheline species collected during the course of entomological studies carried out from July to September, 1988 in an area endemic for malaria under Tengakhat PHC of Dibrugarh district, Assam. Sporozoites were detected in the salivary glands of one specimen of A. dirus, Peyton & Harrison (A. balabacensis) which constituted about 18.11 per cent of the total anopheline collection.
Assuntos
Anopheles/parasitologia , Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Malária/transmissão , Plasmodium falciparum/isolamento & purificação , Plasmodium vivax/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Humanos , ÍndiaRESUMO
Anopheles dirus (A. balabacensis) is the most prevalent among twelve anopheline species collected during the course of entomological studies carried out in Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh during July and August, 1988. It is observed to be a forest species and is found to breed in small stagnant water pools completely or partially shaded by plants in the open jungle. Sporozoites have been detected in several specimens of A. dirus (A. balabacensis) supporting its role in transmission of malaria in forest areas.