RESUMO
BACKGROUND: iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cells) banks of iPSC lines with homozygous HLA (human leukocyte antigen) haplotypes (haplobanks) are proposed as an affordable and off-the-shelf approach to allogeneic transplantation of iPSC derived cell therapies. Cord blood banks offer an extensive source of HLA-typed cells suitable for reprogramming to iPSC. Several initiatives worldwide have been undertaken to create national and international iPSC haplobanks that match a significant part of a population. METHODS: To create an iPSC haplobank that serves the Spanish population (IPS-PANIA), we have searched the Spanish Bone Marrow Donor Registry (REDMO) to identify the most frequently estimated haplotypes. From the top ten donors identified, we estimated the population coverage using the criteria of zero mismatches in HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 with different stringencies: high resolution, low resolution, and beneficial mismatch. RESULTS: We have calculated that ten cord blood units from homozygous donors stored at the Spanish cord blood banks can provide HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 matching for 28.23% of the population. CONCLUSION: We confirm the feasibility of using banked cord blood units to create an iPSC haplobank that will cover a significant percentage of the Spanish and international population for future advanced therapy replacement strategies.
Assuntos
Células-Tronco Pluripotentes Induzidas , Bancos de Sangue , Antígenos HLA/genética , Haplótipos , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Doadores de TecidosRESUMO
Routine screening of patients at risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has become a priority given recent improvements in therapeutic options and the asymptomatic nature of most chronic infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Elecsys® Anti-HCV II assay, a new qualitative antibody immunoassay, compared with currently available assays, and assess its suitability for routine diagnostic testing. The sensitivity of the Elecsys® Anti-HCV II, ARCHITECT® Anti-HCV, AxSYM® HCV 3.0, PRISM® HCV, Vitros® ECi Anti-HCV, Elecsys® Anti-HCV, and ADVIA Centaur® HCV assays was compared using commercially available seroconversion panels and samples from patients known to be HCV positive and infected with HCV genotypes 1-6. Specificity was investigated using samples from blood donors, unselected hospitalized patients, and patients with potential cross-reacting factors or from high-risk groups. The Elecsys® Anti-HCV II assay detected more positive bleeds than the comparator assays, was more sensitive in recognizing early HCV infection, and correctly identified all 765 samples known to be HCV positive, regardless of genotype. The overall specificity of the Elecsys(®) Anti-HCV II assay was 99.84% (n=6,850) using blood donor samples, 99.66% (n=3,922) using samples from unselected hospitalized patients, and 99.66% (n=2,397) using samples from patients with potentially cross-reacting factors or from high-risk groups. The specificity of the Elecsys® Anti-HCV II assay was superior or equal to the comparator assays. In conclusion, the Elecsys® Anti-HCV II assay is a sensitive and specific assay suitable for routine use in the reliable detection of anti-HCV antibodies.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico/métodos , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoensaio/métodos , Masculino , Gravidez , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Mutations in SLC16A2, the gene encoding the thyroid hormone (TH)-specific transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8), result in a thyroid phenotype and severe mental retardation caused by neuronal TH deficiency. These mutational effects raise the question of whether polymorphic variation in SLC16A2 may also be associated with differences in serum levels of TH and/or TSH. DESIGN: This is the first major study of the frequency of the SLC16A2 rs6647476 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (amino acid change Ser107Pro). We also studied the relationships of SLC16A2 genetic variants with serum levels of TSH, T4 and T3, with their mRNA expression and with expression of the TH-responsive genes ZAKI-4 and BTEB in white blood cells. Experiments in cultured fibroblasts were carried out to ascertain the dynamics of the T3 response. METHODS: A total of 276 men were studied. Genotyping of the S107P SNP was carried out using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP); serum hormone levels were determined by chemiluminescence; expression of mRNA was quantified by real-time PCR. RESULTS: The SLC16A2 S107P SNP was found in 36% of Galician males. With the present sample size we did not find any association of this polymorphism with variability in serum levels of TSH, free T4 (fT4) or fT3, or with basal expression of mRNA for SLC16A2 or the two TH-responsive genes ZAKI-4 and BTEB, either in white blood cells or in cultured human fibroblasts from either Ser107 or Pro107 genotypes under T3 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: The S107P change in MCT8 is frequent in the male population in Galicia. In the population studied in this report an association with a thyroid phenotype was not demonstrated, even though the S107P SNP causes an important amino acid change.
Assuntos
Frequência do Gene/genética , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , População Branca/etnologia , População Branca/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Sequência de Bases , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Genótipo , Humanos , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Espanha , Simportadores , Tireotropina/sangue , Tiroxina/sangue , Tri-Iodotironina/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a commercial HCV RNA RT-PCR screening method and provide data on the prevalence and incidence rates of hepatitis C in Spain. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Five transfusion centers participated in the study, covering 34.1 percent of the country's total number of donations. All the centers evaluated the sensitivity and characteristics of a commercial RT-PCR reagent kit designed for pool testing (Cobas AmpliScreen HCV v2.0), for which serial dilutions of HCV WHO International Standard 96/790 and preseroconversion samples were used. The data obtained from this technique, employed routinely from May 1999 to June 2001 in 22- to 48-unit mini-pools, are presented in this study. RESULTS: An overall 95-percent detection limit was obtained either at 69 IU per mL when 0.2 mL volume of plasma was extracted (used to analyze individual units), or at 20 IU per mL, when viral particles were pelleted from 1 mL plasma (as used for screening in mini-pool) Three HCV-RNA-positive anti-HCV-negative donations were identified out of 1,015,482 screened donations. One of these had an initially undisclosed risk of HCV sexual transmission and carried a low viral load of 104.2 IU per mL HCV RNA. The analysis of first-time (FT) donations during the period of study (21.3% of the total) indicated an average prevalence rate of 2.05 per 103 FT donors (of which 1.55/103 FT donors were RNA positive); the residual risk calculated on repeat (RPT) donors was 3.91 per 106 donations (serology) or 0.59 per 106 donations (serology + NAT), and the predicted NAT yield estimate was 4.2 per 106 FT + RPT donations. CONCLUSIONS: The commercial RT-PCR reagent kit complies with the current European and FDA recommendations on sensitivity and can be easily implemented on a routine basis. The results obtained by the five transfusion centers on the predicted NAT yield (1/302,000 RPT donations or 1/237,000 FT + RPT donations) are very close to the published estimates corresponding to a larger area of our country (1/237,000 RPT donations) and are somewhat higher than, though in line with, the observed NAT yield (1/338,000 FT + RPT donations).
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , RNA Viral/sangue , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Hepatite C/transmissão , Humanos , Incidência , Prevalência , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Reação TransfusionalRESUMO
Fourth-generation assays for the simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen and antibody that were available on the international market until now have antigen detection modules with relatively poor sensitivity and produce a higher rate of false-positive results than third-generation enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). The new Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA with an improved sensitivity for HIV p24 antigen was compared to alternative fourth- and third-generation assays, the p24 antigen test, and HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). A total of 94 seroconversion panels (n = 709 sera), samples from the acute phase of infection after seroconversion (n = 32), anti-HIV-1-positive specimens (n = 730) from patients in different stages of the disease, 462 subtyped samples from different geographical locations, anti-HIV-2-positive sera (n = 302), dilutions of cell culture supernatants (n = 62) from cells infected with different HIV-1 subtypes, selected performance panels from Boston Biomedica Inc., 7,579 unselected samples from blood donors, 303 unselected daily routine samples, 997 specimens from hospitalized patients, and potentially interfering samples (n = 1,222) were tested with Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA. The new assay showed a sensitivity comparable to that of the Abbott HIV-1 AG Monoclonal A for early detection of HIV infection in seroconversion panels. The mean time delay of Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA (last negative sample plus 1 day) in comparison to that for HIV-1 RT-PCR for 87 panels tested with both methods was 2.75 days. The diagnostic window was reduced with Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA by between 3.6 and 5.7 days from that for third-generation assays. The specificities of Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA in blood donors were 99.84 and 99.85% (after repeated testing). Overall, 30 repeatedly reactive false-positive results out of 10,031 HIV-negative samples were obtained with Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA. Our results show that a fourth-generation assay with improved specificity such as Cobas Core HIV Combi EIA is suitable for blood donor screening because of its low number of false positives and because it detects HIV p24 antigen with a sensitivity comparable to that of single-antigen assays.
Assuntos
Sorodiagnóstico da AIDS , Antígenos HIV/sangue , Proteína do Núcleo p24 do HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Doadores de Sangue , Anticorpos Anti-HIV/sangue , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , HIV-2/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , RNA Viral/sangue , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Se presenta una casuística sobre 176 bloqueos anestésicos en niños de 3 a 14 años de edad. De ellos, se consideran 150 en los cuales el bloqueo fue completo; se dividieron en dos grupos al azar, el primero recibió Lorazepam como premedicación, el segundo no recibió ninguna droga. Las indicaciones de los bloqueos fueron circunscriptos a procedimientos quirúrgicos de miembro superior y parte distal de miembro inferior. En la discusión se hace una síntesis de los factores a tener en consideración para la indicación del bloqueo, tomando en cuenta factores inherentes al paciente, a la localización de la lesión y al medio asistencial donde se desarrolla el procedimiento. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron: Anestesia regional endovenosa y bloqueos supraclavicular, interescalênico, axilar y troncular en el codo. Las drogas utilizadas fueron: Lidocaína y Bupivacaína, las complicaciones encontradas incluyeron al 7,7% de los pacientes, sin que arrojaran consecuencias para los pequeños. Se concluye que los bloqueos anestésicos son posibles de realizar con éxito en los niños. El bloqueo de elección en las partes distales tanto de miembro superior como inferior, es la anestesia regional endovenosa con Bupivacaína al 0,25% y el bloqueo supraclavicular es el prioritario, para lesiones de todo el miembro superior en niños mayores de 10 años de edad
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Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Anestesia por Condução , Bupivacaína , Lidocaína , Lorazepam , PediatriaRESUMO
En 32 pacientes con atresia esofágica y fístula traqueoesofágica distal se puso en práctica una metodología de trabajo, con el objeto de mejorar los índices de sobrevida. Se desarrolló una clasificación analizando el problema médico y el problema sociocultural. Se separaron factores controlables y factores no controlables. Los primeros fueron la metodología operativa de nuestro equipo de trabajo (Anestesiólogo, Cirujano, Neonatólogo) y los segundos se dividieron en inherentes al medio (calidad de la derivación y tiempo de diagnóstico) e inherentes al paciente (BPEG, RNPT, neumonía, antecedentes maternos y malformaciones agregadas). En factores controlables se separon cuidados específicos, generales y anestesiológico. En este último, los cuidados intraoperatorios se volcaron en una ficha anestesiológica, que contribuyó a la detección temprana de las alteraciones hemodinámicas, metabólicas, y ácido base, y de equilibrio térmico. Los factores no controlables, se analizaron separadamente en su frecuencia de presentación y su influencia en los índices de sobrevida. Se separaron en tres grupos de acuerdo a la clasificación de Waterston (presencia de neumonía, malformaciones agregadas y bajo peso), A, B y C y se evaluó la influencia de los factores antes citados. Resultados: "A": 8 pacientes: 100% de sobrevida; Grupo "B": 7 pacientes: 71.42% de sobrevida; Grupo "C": 17 pacientes: 35.29% de sobrevida. Sobrevida global: 59.38%. Conclusión: Los factores no controlables inherentes al medio, como los factores RNPT y BPEG, influyen como determinantes de los resultados encontrados en forma altamente significativa. Mientras no se mejore la calidad de la derivación y no disminuya el tiempo de diagnóstico los índices de sobrevida no se podrán mejorar en nuestro medio
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Recém-Nascido , Anestesia , Atresia Esofágica/cirurgia , Fístula Traqueoesofágica/cirurgia , PrognósticoRESUMO
El presente trabajo recopila las normas y fundamentos del Servicio de Anestesiología del Hospital Interzonal de agudos especializado en pediatría "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata, con respecto al niño quemado. La gran incidencia de defunciones que se producen anualmente es debida a las diversas alteraciones a distintos niveles tisulares. Resulta de suma importancia para nuestra conducta anestésica el estado del aparato respiratorio, hígado, riñones y equilibrio hidroelectrolítico. Se exponen los fundamentos para elección de la táctica y técnica anestésica
Assuntos
Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Anestesia , Queimaduras/cirurgia , HidrataçãoRESUMO
Se presenta una paciente de 12 anos de edad con sintomatologia de hipertension arterial paroxistica. Se diagnostica feocromocitoma. Durante la internacion le fueron practicadas dos anestesias generales, la primera para su estudio arteriografico y la segunda para la reseccion del tumor. El diagnostico y tratamiento de este caso promovio una extensa revision bibliografica sobre feocromocitoma, con especial referencia a la aplicacion de anestesia en esta patologia. Se describe la tecnica anestesica empleada por los autores consistente primordialmente en la asociacion droperidol-fentanil-metoxifluorano y bloqueantes adrenergicos en el preoperatorio.Se describe el metodo de preparacion pre-operatorio, las posibles acciones e interacciones medicamentosas, las complicaciones intra y post-quirurgicas. Asimismo se destaca la importancia del empleo de drogas bloqueantes adrenergicas en los pacientes portadores de esta patologia