Fabrication of Polyaniline@ß-cyclodextrin Nanocomposite for Adsorption of Carcinogenic Phenol from Wastewater.

We synthesized a stable, eco-friendly, and low-cost polyaniline@ß-cyclodextrin (PANI@ß-CD) nanocomposite via oxidative polymerization for phenol adsorption from water waste since phenol pollution is a global danger to human and animal health and the environment. The production of the composite and synergistic alteration of PANI with ß-CD resulted in 66% reduction in particle size from 59 nm (PANI) to 20 nm (PANI@ß-CD) as well as better phenol adsorption. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyze the produced PANI@ß-CD nanocomposite. Our results show the optimum conditions for phenol adsorption: time (50 min), pH (8.0), nanosorbent dose (0.5 g), and the sorption isotherm fitted with Langmuir model; the monolayer adsorption capacity of the prepared PANI@ß-CD for phenol was determined to be 8.56 mg g-1. The average pore size, total pore volume, and surface area of PANI/ßCD nanocomposite are 15.62 nm, 0.1586 cm3/g, and 90.901 m2/g, respectively, for the pseudo second order model. Finally, modifying PANI nanoparticles with ßCD allowed reusability up to four cycles with superior adsorption performance of ∼95% using (0.01 N) HNO3.

Rhizofiltration system consists of chitosan and natural Arundo donax L. for removal of basic red dye.

Arundo donax L. (A. donax) plant, which are naturally grown, is capable of removing heavy metals, toxins and dyes from the environment. In addition the cell structure A. donax enable the whole to make phytoremdation for the most of environmental pollutions. For that reasons, the A. donax cells were obtained and dispersed in polymer compost to form what is called bio-chemical/dye removing system. In details; Polymeric beads were fabricated from natural low cost materials of chitosan (Cs), A. donax (cells), gelatin (GP) and poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to be applied as a powerful sorbent for CI Basic Red 14 dye. The morphological structure of the fabricated beads was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the results revealed that most immobilized A. donax cells into beads and micro-clusters are formed inside the beads. The effect of experimental variables such as sorbent dose, initial dye concentration, pH, and contact time were investigated. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to describe sorbent-dye sorption system. Equilibrium isotherms of CI Basic Red 14 dye on the fabricated beads were obtained, where the first-order rate model is more appropriate.