RESUMO
Lymphomas of the eye and ocular adnexa are rare lymphoproliferative diseases of the ocular and ocular adnexal tissue. The incidence of these diseases has been rapidly increasing over the past few decades. The exact pathogenesis remains unknown, but it is postulated to be multifactorial and includes genetic aberrations, epigenetic and environmental factors, infectious agents, and chronic antigenic stimulation. The majority of ocular and ocular adnexal lymphomas are of B-cell origin, except for eyelid lymphomas, which are more often of T-cell type. Lymphoproliferative diseases of ocular and ocular adnexal structures are either primary, when they arise in the eye, orbit, lacrimal gland, eyelid, and/or conjunctiva, or secondary extranodal manifestation of systemic lymphoma. Diagnosis is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach involving ophthalmologists, dermatologists, oncologists, and radiation oncologists.
RESUMO
Collagen vascular disease is a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases that affect multiple organ systems. Sjögren syndrome, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and sarcoidosis are collagen vascular diseases that often present with characteristic cutaneous manifestations. Although less known, various ocular manifestations that affect both external and internal structures of the eye can be seen in these conditions. Multidisciplinary management between dermatologists and ophthalmologists is essential in the early diagnosis and management of collagen vascular diseases affecting both the skin and eye. Part I of our series will discuss the ocular manifestations, their diagnosis, and therapeutic options in Sjögren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Síndrome de Sjogren , Doenças Vasculares , Humanos , Síndrome de Sjogren/complicações , Síndrome de Sjogren/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Pálpebras , ColágenoRESUMO
Collagen vascular disease is a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases that affect multiple organ systems. Sjögren syndrome, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and sarcoidosis are collagen vascular diseases that often present with characteristic cutaneous manifestations. Although less known, various ocular manifestations that affect both external and internal structures of the eye can also be seen in these conditions. Multidisciplinary management between dermatologists and ophthalmologists is essential in the early diagnosis and management of collagen vascular diseases affecting both the skin and eye. In part II of our series, we discuss the ocular manifestations, diagnosis, and therapeutic options of dermatomyositis, scleroderma, and sarcoidosis.
Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo , Dermatomiosite , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Sarcoidose , Esclerodermia Localizada , Escleroderma Sistêmico , Doenças Vasculares , Humanos , Dermatomiosite/complicações , Dermatomiosite/diagnóstico , Esclerodermia Localizada/complicações , Esclerodermia Localizada/diagnóstico , Esclerodermia Localizada/terapia , Sarcoidose/complicações , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Pálpebras , Colágeno , Escleroderma Sistêmico/complicações , Escleroderma Sistêmico/diagnósticoRESUMO
Emerging evidence highlights the gut-skin microbiota as a potential therapeutic target for the management of inflammatory-driven cutaneous diseases as well as the interconnection of the gut-skin microbiota in disease pathogenesis and progression. Although not fully understood, recent research has indicated that commensal microbiota and the interaction of the gut-skin axis play an important role in maintaining skin homeostasis. Dysbiosis and disruption of the skin-gut microbiome may lead to impaired skin barrier function, thus triggering downstream inflammatory responses involved in the development of inflammatory skin disorders, especially in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa. The skin microbiome may also serve as adjunctive therapeutic modalities for treatment. Herein, we review the latest reports on the interrelationship between microbial dysbiosis and inflammatory cutaneous diseases as well as emerging microbiome-directed therapeutics in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa.