Predictive values of systemic inflammation biomarkers in proliferative vitreoretinopathy associated with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still the leading cause of surgical failure after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. The factors that can predict the development of PVR remain to be elucidated. BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the predictive values of the systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with primary RRD with and without PVR. METHODS: A total of 150 patients with RRD and 51 age- and sex-matched healthy participants were included in the study. Patients who developed PVR within three months after surgery were enrolled as PVR cases (n = 75, Group 1), and those who did not develop PVR were enrolled in RRD without the PVR group (n = 75, Group 2). Ocular examination findings and medical records of all participants were analysed retrospectively. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were calculated. The systemic immune-inflammation index calculation formula is: (Neutrophil/lymphocyte) × Platelet. RESULTS: The median neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index levels were significantly higher in Group 1 patients compared to Group 2 and the control groups (p = 0.01, for both). However, the groups were similar regarding median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.917). The optimal cut-off values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index were calculated as 1.72 (with 72% sensitivity and 48% specificity) and 407.9 (with 72% sensitivity and 49.3% specificity), respectively, for predicting PVR development in patients with RRD. CONCLUSION: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index may be useful biomarkers for predicting the risk of PVR development in RRD patients.

PARACENTRAL ACUTE MIDDLE MACULOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION DUE TO POLYCYTHEMIA IN A PATIENT WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT.

PURPOSE: To describe the occurrence of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) associated with branch retinal artery occlusion secondary to polycythemia in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 30-year-old man presented with acute vision loss and superior visual deficit in his left eye for two days. His medical record had a tetralogy of Fallot. Complete blood count showed an erythrocyte count of 9.88 million/µL (4.4-5.6), hemoglobin of 17.7 g/dL (13.5-16.9), and hematocrit of 65.4% (40-49). The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the left eye, and a diagnosis of left inferotemporal branch retinal artery occlusion was made. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed a characteristic hyperreflective band-like lesion on the inner nuclear layer consistent with PAMM. CONLUSION: Polycythemia may be a trigger for branch retinal artery occlusion-associated PAMM. We suggest a new precursor cause of PAMM that is previously undescribed.