[Analysis of a severe septic transfusion reaction with standard platelet concentrate]. / Analyse d'un incident bactérien grave transmis par transfusion d'un concentré plaquettaire.

We recently observed a near fatal case of transfusion-transmitted infection with standard platelet concentrate. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis was isolated both from donor, residual component container and cultures of the patient's blood. This should question the usefulness of systematic bacterial detection in platelet concentrates, however a lethal accident has occurred recently which escaped bacterial detection. This observation calls for implementation of pathogen inactivation procedures for platelets concentrates.

Reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin of oral streptococci following amoxicillin exposure.

As antibiotic pressure often triggers bacterial resistance, the use of short-duration therapies is increasingly recommended. The objective of the present study was to evaluate both the clinical efficiency and the impact on oral streptococci of a 3 day versus a 7 day amoxicillin therapy for odontogenic infection requiring tooth extraction. On day 0, patients were randomly assigned to a 3 day or 7 day amoxicillin treatment. The tooth was extracted on day 2 and the post-operative follow-up was carried out on day 9. Oral flora was collected on days 0, 9 and 30, and the susceptibility of the streptococci to amoxicillin was determined. The results showed that treatment with amoxicillin for 3 or 7 days had a similar clinical efficiency, and also induced similar selection of oral streptococci with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin, suggesting that the selection of strains with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin is a rapid phenomenon, appearing even with short-duration therapies.