Interference between cold-adapted (ca) influenza A and B vaccine reassortants or between ca reassortants and wild-type strains in eggs and mice.

Interference between pairs of cold-adapted (ca) influenza A and B vaccine reassortant viruses and between ca influenza B reassortant viruses and wild-type influenza strain A/PR/8/34 was studied in embryonated eggs and/or in the respiratory tract of three strains of mice. Interference in eggs between ca A and B reassortants occurred after 2 days but was masked by later cycles of growth. When doses of 10(6) EID50 of the reassortant viruses B/60/32/R and A/47/6/R were administered to outbred mice, interference with the growth of A/47/6/R occurred in the turbinates; interference with the growth of B/60/32/R did not occur. However, interference with the growth of B/60/32/R was noted in the lungs of Balb/c mice after co-infection with 10(6) EID50 of both A/PR/8/34 and B/60/32/R. Interference did not occur when the dose of B/60/32/R was increased to 10(7) EID50 per mouse. When CBA mice were co-infected with 10(6) EID50 of both B/60/32/R and the influenza A ca reassortant R/34, or 10(6) EID50 of B/60/32/R,R/34 and A/Leningrad/134/57, interference did not occur. Interference could not be detected in mice following dual infection from serum responses to individual viruses.

[Antibody functional activity in immunization with influenza vaccines]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' antitel pri immunizatsii grippoznymi vaktsinami.

The functional activity of serum antibody had been shown previously to reflect the state of resistance to influenza more accurately than antibody concentration. The functional activity of antibodies in the vaccination process was studied. The immune response to influenza antigens was found to be accompanied by an increase in the functional activity of antibodies, the intensity of this increase was the highest in natural influenza infection, moderate after administration of live vaccines and the least after immunization with inactivated preparations. The vaccine strains may differ significantly in their capacity to stimulate antibody with high functional activity. The quantitative parameters of the functional activity of antibody are directly related to the antigen dose and frequency of antigenic stimulation.

[The isolation of a reassortant strain of the A/Kiev/59/79, R (H1N1) influenza virus and its genomic characteristics]. / Poluchenie reassortantnogo shtamma virusa grippa A/Kiev/59/79, R (H1N1) i kharakteristika ego genoma.

As a result of two successive recombinations of influenza A viruses: A/Leningrad/0139/76 (H3N2) with A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) strain and the resulting reassortant A/Leningrad/0139/76, R (H3N2) with a field isolate A/Kiev/59/79 (H1N1), a virus. A/Kiev/59/79, R (H1N1) was obtained. It was established by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and sequencing of kDNA fragments of its genome that the genes PB2, PB1 and NP of this virus belonged to serosubtype H3N2, while genes PA, M, and NS to serosubtype H1N1 (like A/PR/8/34). The surface glycoproteins HA and NA belonged to serosubtype H1N1/like A/USSR/90/77.

[The inoculation properties of live recombinant influenza vaccine types A and B used separately and jointly in children 3 to 14]. / Privivochnye svoistva zhivoi grippoznoi rekombinantnoi vaktsiny tipov A i B pri razdel'nom i sovmestnom primenenii detiam 3--14 let.

The reactogenicity and immunizing activity of vaccine influenza virus A (H1N1) and B strains used as mono- and bi-preparations in children of 3 to 14 years was studied. No increased reactogenicity after the use of bivaccine was observed in the children. Febrile reactions as well as 9 other clinical symptoms which could indicate the reactogenicity of the vaccines were identical for mono- and bivaccine and corresponded to the requirements of the technical documents for the vaccine. The optimal conditions for the evaluation of the immunogenicity of the B component by HI test were developed, and the necessity of using additionally the enzyme immunoassay for this purpose is substantiated. The above method demonstrated that the immunogenicity of the live influenza type A and B vaccine was high in children. No significant inhibition of immunological parameters was observed when the two viruses were combined in the bivaccine.

[The formation of an immune response in volunteers inoculated with a live recombinant influenza vaccine]. / Formirovanie immunnogo otveta u dobrovol'tsev, privitykh zhivoi grippoznoi rekombinantnoi vaktsinoi.

The capacity of a live influenza vaccine (LIV) to stimulate cytotoxic cells (ADCMC and NK) was studied in 49 volunteers and 56 patients with influenza. Experimental batches of LIV from influenza A and B viruses prepared by genetic recombination on the basis of cold-adapted attenuation donors were used. Type A and B LIV were shown to stimulate the cytotoxic cell-mediated and humoral immunity; the intensity of immune response, however, depended on the molecular genetic characteristics of the vaccine (genome structure, properties of the donor of attenuation), its biological activity and capacity of reproduction in tissues.