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1.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba ; 77(4): 301-306, 2020 12 09.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33351372

RESUMO

Introduction: Acromegaly prevalence is 35-70 / million. Transsphenoidal surgery is the first-line treatment, with a remission rate of 80% for microadenomas and 50% for macroadenomas. Our aim was to evaluate the surgical results in Córdoba and determine predictive remission factors due to the lack of records. Methods: Retrospective-descriptive study of patients with surgery as the first therapeutic line. Remission criteria: IGF1 normalization for age/sex, with GH ≤1.0 g/L. Test X2 and Fisher's exact test with p<0.05. Results: 38 patients were included: 61% women and 39% men; Average age 45 years. Most frequent chief complaint: headache and acral growth (26%), visual disturbances (20%). Macroadenomas were the 84% of the tumors. Of 37 patients, 54% underwent microscopic surgery, 38% endoscopic and 8% transcranial. The 29% of patients showed post-operative complications and diabetes insipidus was the most frequent (10%). The percentage of them was: 33% transcranial surgery, 29% endoscopic and 25% microscopic (p = 0.557). The biochemical remission at 6 months was 34% and at 12 months 55% (p= 0.0001). No significant differences between the endoscopic and microscopic approach (p = 0.071). Of 36 patients, 31% showed complete tumor resection. The subjective clinical improvement was 88%. There weren´t predictive remission factors with significant differences. Conclusion: The surgical biochemical remission was similar to the bibliography. We didn´t find predictive remission factors but a larger number of patients could modify these results.


Introducción: La acromegalia tiene una prevalencia de 35-70/millón. La cirugía transesfenoidal es el tratamiento de elección, siendo la tasa de remisión del 80% en microadenomas y 50% en macroadenomas. Debido a la falta de registros, nos propusimos evaluar los resultados quirúrgicos en Córdoba y determinar factores predictivos de remisión. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo-descriptivo de pacientes con cirugía como primera línea terapéutica. Criterios de remisión: normalización de IGF1 para edad/sexo, con GH ≤1,0 g/L.Test X2 y test exacto de Fisher y p<0,05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 38 pacientes: 61% mujeres y 39% hombres; edad promedio 45 años. Motivos de consulta más frecuentes: cefalea y crecimiento acral (26%), alteraciones visuales (20%). El 84% de los tumores fueron macroadenomas. De 37 pacientes, 54% se sometieron a cirugía microscópica, 38% endoscópica y 8% transcraneal. El 29% evidenció complicaciones postquirúrgicas, siendo la diabetes insípida la más frecuente (10%). El porcentaje de las mismas fue: cirugía transcraneal el 33%, endoscópica 29% y microscópica 25% (p= 0,557). La remisión bioquímica a los 6 meses fue de 34% y a los 12 meses 55% (p=0,0001). Sin diferencias significativas entre la vía endoscópica y microscópica (p=0,071). De 36 pacientes el 31% evidenció resección tumoral completa. La mejoría clínica subjetiva fue del 88%. No hubo factores predictivos de remisión bioquímica estadísticamente significativos. Conclusión: La remisión bioquímica con la cirugía fue similar a la bibliografía. No encontramos factores predictivos de remisión pero un número mayor de casos podría modificar estos resultados.


Assuntos
Acromegalia , Acromegalia/cirurgia , Adenoma/cirurgia , Feminino , Adenoma Hipofisário Secretor de Hormônio do Crescimento , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Osso Esfenoide , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Endocr Relat Cancer ; 25(10): 837-852, 2018 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29875136

RESUMO

In pituitary adenomas, early recurrences and resistance to conventional pharmacotherapies are common, but the mechanisms involved are still not understood. The high expression of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signal observed in human pituitary adenomas, together with the low levels of the antimitogenic transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TBR2), encouraged us to evaluate the effect of the specific HER2 inhibition with trastuzumab on experimental pituitary tumor cell growth and its effect on the antiproliferative response to TGFB1. Trastuzumab decreased the pituitary tumor growth as well as the expression of ERK1/2 and the cell cycle regulators CCND1 and CDK4. The HER2/ERK1/2 pathway is an attractive therapeutic target, but its intricate relations with other signaling modulators still need to be unraveled. Thus, we investigated possible cross-talk with TGFB signaling, which has not yet been studied in pituitary tumors. In tumoral GH3 cells, co-incubation with trastuzumab and TGFB1 significantly decreased cell proliferation, an effect accompanied by a reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, an increase of SMAD2/3 activation. In addition, through immunoprecipitation assays, a diminution of SMAD2/3-ERK1/2 and an increase SMAD2/3-TGFBR1 interactions were observed when cells were co-incubated with trastuzumab and TGFB1. These findings indicate that blocking HER2 by trastuzumab inhibited pituitary tumor growth and modulated HER2/ERK1/2 signaling and consequently the anti-mitogenic TGFB1/TBRs/SMADs cascade. The imbalance between HER2 and TGFBRs expression observed in human adenomas and the response to trastuzumab on experimental tumor growth may make the HER2/ERK1/2 pathway an attractive target for future pituitary adenoma therapy.


Assuntos
Adenoma/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Smad/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Trastuzumab/farmacologia , Adenoma/patologia , Adulto , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fosforilação , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Adulto Jovem
3.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26273946

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pituitary tumors comprise a quarter of the intracranial neoplasms and the adenomas represent the highest percentage of them. They are benign, but they can be invasive and they have an impact in morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features of pituitary adenomas tumors, and create a computerized registry to improve strategies for diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive analysis of 102 medical records of a total of 191 patients who attended the endocrinology service from 2003 to 2014 .The variables were analyzed by the corresponding descriptive statistics. The SPSS 11.5 was used. RESULTS: 63% were women, and (74.4%) had age from 25-60 years. 54% were nonfunctioning adenomas, 28% to prolactinomas, 11.8% and 6.2% somatotropinomas corticotropinomas. In all types the female group was predominant, except nonfunctioning. Of the nonfunctioning adenomas 79% were macroadenomas, prolactinomas 52% were microadenomas and surgery was performed in 37% of them. The somatotropinomas, 80% were macroadenomas, 80% of patients and 40% radiotherapy was operated. In corticotropinomas, both micro and macroadenomas were submitted by the same percentage (50%) and all of them underwent surgery. CONCLUSION: The findings are consistent with the literature in terms of frequency and age of onset of adenomas. We suggest the development of a registry to optimize the monitoring and treatment of patients, research and scientific publication.


Introducción: Los tumores hipofisarios comprenden la cuarta parte de las neoplasias intracraneales y los adenomas son el mayor porcentaje de ellos. Son de naturaleza benigna, pero pueden ser invasivos y producir impacto en la morbi-mortalidad. Objetivo: analizar las características clínicas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de adenomas hipofisarios y crear un registro computarizado para mejorar las estrategias de diagnóstico y seguimiento de estos pacientes. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo, descriptivo, de 102 historias clínicas sobre un total de 191 pacientes que concurrieron al servicio de endocrinología desde el año 2003 al 2014 . Las variables fueron analizadas mediante las correspondientes estadísticas descriptivas. Se utilizó el programa SPSS 11.5. Resultados: El 63% fueron mujeres, y el mayor porcentaje etario entre 25-60 años (74.4%). El 54% correspondió a adenomas no funcionantes, el 28% a prolactinomas, el 11.8% somatotropinomas y el 6.2% corticotropinomas. En todos los tipos el grupo femenino fue mayoritario, excepto en los no funcionantes. De los adenomas no funcionantes el 79% fueron macroadenomas, los prolactinomas el 52% fueron microadenomas y se realizó cirugía en el 37% de ellos. Los somatotropinomas, en el 80% fueron macroadenomas, se operó el 80% de los pacientes y radioterapia al 40%. En los corticotropinomas, tanto micro como macroadenomas se presentaron en igual porcentaje (50%) y todos ellos recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico. Conclusión: Los hallazgos coinciden con la literatura en cuanto a frecuencia y edad de presentación de los adenomas. Consideramos valioso la elaboración de un registro que nos permita optimizar el seguimiento y tratamiento de los pacientes, la investigación y divulgación científica.


Assuntos
Adenoma/classificação , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/classificação , Adenoma/patologia , Adenoma/terapia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26913801

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: The prolactinomas are the most common functioning pituitary tumors. The hyperprolactinemia is associated with anovulation and infertility. OBJECTIVES: a) describe the relationship between hyperprolactinemia and fertility, b) review the results of the use of dopamine agonists during pregnancy and embryo-fetal development and c) review the therapeutic management in micro and macroprolactinomas during pregnancy. CONTENT: Medical therapy with dopamine agonists is the best treatment for prolactinomas of any size or invasiveness and restores ovulatory cycles in 80-90 % of patients. Cabergoline currently suggested rather than bromocriptine due to their excellent tolerability and long half-life. In general, it is recommended that fetal exposure to all drugs be limited to as short a period as possible. In the absence of menstrual period, the drug should be discontinued and confirm pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Both, bromocriptine and cabergoline, showed no evidence of obstetric and neonatal complications; however, experience with bromocriptine is higher. The patients with macroprolactinomas should be monitored clinically and evaluate the symptoms related to increased tumor size. If growth in the adenoma is suspected, nuclear magnetic resonance and neuro-ophthalmologic examination should be performed. In microprolactinomas the ophthalmologic examination is no formal indication. There is evidence that breastfeeding no increased risk for tumor growth.


Los prolactinomas son los tumores hipofisarios funcionantes más comunes. La hiperprolactinemia que generan se asocia con anovulación e infertilidad. OBJETIVOS: a) describir la relación entre hiperprolactinemia y fertilidad, b) revisar los resultados del uso de agonistas dopaminérgicos durante el embarazo y el desarrollo embriofetal y c) actualizar el manejo terapéutiterapéutico en micro y macroprolactinomas durante la gestación. CONTENIDO: Los agonistas dopaminérgicos son el tratamiento de primera línea para prolactinomas de cualquier tamaño o grado de invasión y restauran los ciclos ovulatorios en el 80 a 90 % de las pacientes. La cabergolina se sugiere actualmente en lugar de bromocriptina, debido a su excelente tolerabilidad y prolongada vida media. Se aconseja que la exposición fetal a todos los medicamentos sea lo más limitada posible. Ante la ausencia del período menstrual debe suspenderse el fármaco y confirmar el embarazo. CONCLUSION: Tanto bromocriptina como cabergolina no mostraron evidencia de complicaciones obstétricas ni neonatales, sin embargo, la experiencia con bromocriptina es mayor. Las pacientes con macroprolactinomas deben ser controladas clínicamente y evaluar sintomatología relacionada con el aumento del tamaño tumoral. Si se sospecha crecimiento del adenoma, debe solicitarse resonancia magnética nuclear y examen neuro-oftalmológico. En microprolactinomas la campimetría no es una indicación formal. Hay evidencia de que la lactancia materna no presenta mayor riesgo para el crecimiento tumoral.


Assuntos
Agonistas de Dopamina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações Neoplásicas na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Prolactinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez
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