Effect of nutrition education on dietary diversity among HIV Patients in Southeast, Nigeria.

Background: Integrating nutrition interventions which include nutrition education in HIV/AIDS care program may help people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) make better decisions regarding their nutrition to improve their immune system. Objective: To determine the effect of nutrition education on dietary diversity among HIV/AIDS patients in Southeast, Nigeria. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 370 HIV patients divided into two groups of 185 each for the study and control groups. The nutrition education program was delivered to the study group. In both groups, their practice of dietary diversity was ascertained pre- and post-intervention. The Chi-square test and McNemar were used in the analysis. Results: Practice of dietary diversity was low among 79(42.7) and 69(37.3) respondents in the study and control groups respectively (x2 =1.126, p=0.289). Three months after the intervention, the proportion of respondents with low dietary diversity significantly decreased from 42.7% to 22.7% in the study group while the control group had no appreciable reduction (x2=7.532, p=0.006). Conclusion: Nutrition education plays a positive role in the dietary diversity of PLWHA. This suggests that nutrition education should be a key component in the care of PLWHA for a better nutritional outcome.

Disability and its determinants among individuals with onchocerciasis in Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: although onchocerciasis is rarely a life-threatening disease, it causes chronic morbidity which ultimately leads to disability due to late detection and treatment of the infected people. Disability in Onchocerciasis results in activity limitation and social exclusion of the affected individuals through stigma. This study aimed at assessing the level of disability and its determinants among persons with onchocerciasis. Methods: multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 340 respondents from the randomly selected wards. Disability was assessed using WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) tool. Chi-square test and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression were used to determine factors associated with disability. The level of statistical significance was determined by a p-value of < 0.05. Results: the highest proportion (35.6%) of the respondents was 55 years and above with a mean age of 46.8±17.5. About three-quarters (76.2%) of them had some form of disability and the disability domains mainly affected were participation in community activities (61.8%) and getting along with other people (54.1%) while the least affected were self-care (26.2%) and life activities including domestic responsibilities (45.0%). The Predictor of disability included being ≥48 years old, (AOR=0.2; 95%CI: 0.1-0.4). Conclusion: most people with onchocerciasis experience some form of disability and the major determinant for disability is being in the older age group. Thus, there is a need for stakeholders in the onchocerciasis control program to formulate and implement disability screening programs in the communities for early detection of onchocerciasis-associated disability, especially among the older age group.