Modulation of long noncoding RNAs by polyphenols as a novel potential therapeutic approach in lung cancer: A comprehensive review.

Lung cancer stands as a formidable global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Polyphenols, bioactive compounds synthesized by plants, have garnered attention for their diverse health benefits, particularly in combating various cancers, including lung cancer. The advent of whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing technologies has illuminated the pivotal roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), operating at epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional levels, in cancer progression. This review comprehensively explores the impact of polyphenols on both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive lncRNAs in lung cancer, elucidating on their intricate regulatory mechanisms. The comprehensive examination extends to the potential synergies when combining polyphenols with conventional treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. Recognizing the heterogeneity of lung cancer subtypes, the review emphasizes the need for the integration of nanotechnology for optimized polyphenol delivery and personalized therapeutic approaches. In conclusion, we collect the latest research, offering a holistic overview of the evolving landscape of polyphenol-mediated modulation of lncRNAs in lung cancer therapy. The integration of polyphenols and lncRNAs into multidimensional treatment strategies holds promise for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and navigating the challenges associated with lung cancer treatment.

HOXA5-induced lncRNA DNM3OS promotes human embryo lung fibroblast fibrosis via recruiting EZH2 to epigenetically suppress TSC2 expression.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an unrepairable disease that results in lung dysfunction and decreased quality of life. Prevention of pulmonary fibrosis is challenging, while its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the effect and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DNM3OS/Antisense RNA in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) and wound healing assays were employed to evaluate the role of DNM3OS on cell proliferation and migration. Western blot detected the proteins expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin, and fibronectin. The interactions among genes were evaluated by RNA pull-down, luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and chromatin Isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) assays. Results: DNM3OS was upregulated by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. DNM3OS knockdown repressed the growth and migration of lung fibroblast, and fibrotic gene expression (CoL1α1, CoL3α1, α-SMA, vimentin, and fibronectin), while suppression of TSC2 accelerated the above process. DNM3OS recruited EZH2 to the promoter region of TSC2, increased the occupancy of EZH2 and H3K27me3, and thereby suppressed the expression of TSC2. HOXA5 promoted the transcription of DNM3OS. Conclusions: HOXA5-induced DNM3OS promoted the proliferation, migration, and expression of fibrosis-related genes in human embryo lung fibroblast via recruiting EZH2 to epigenetically suppress the expression of TSC2.

Synthesis of Ottonia anisum Extract Mediated ZnO NPs and Their Local Anesthetic, Analgesic and HCl­induced Acute Lung Injury Activities.

In this study, we outlined the green synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the plant-mediated method. Employing the nitrate derivative of Zinc and the extract from the native medicinal plant, Ottonia anisum, the nanoparticles were effectively produced. After obtaining a yellow-colored paste, it was meticulously dried, gathered, and set aside for subsequent examination. The UV-visible spectrometry analysis indicated an absorption peak at 320 nm, which is indicative of ZnO NPs. Characterization techniques, such as XRD and HR-TEM, confirmed the existence of agglomerated ZnO NPs with an average diameter of 40 nm. Through EDS analysis, distinct energy signals for both Zinc and Oxygen were observed, confirming their composition. Furthermore, FT-IR spectroscopy highlighted an absorption peak for Zn-O bonding in the range of 400 to 600 cm -1 . Further, we employed three distinct pain models in mice to evaluate the influence of ZnO NPs on the nociceptive threshold. Our findings revealed that, when orally administered, ZnO NPs at concentrations ranging from 5-20 mg/kg exerted a dose-dependent analgesic effect in both the hot-plate and the acetic acid-induced writhing tests. Moreover, when ZnO NPs were administered at doses between 2.5-10 mg/kg, there was a notable reduction in pain responses during both the initial and subsequent phases of the formalin test, but no change in PGE 2 production within the mice's hind paw was found. On the other hand, acute lung injury studies revealed that the administration of ZnO NPs orally 90 minutes prior to HCl instillation decreased the neutrophil infiltration into the lungs in a doseresponsive manner. This reduction in pulmonary inflammation was paralleled by a significant decrease in lung edema, as evidenced by the reduced total protein content in the BALF. Additionally, the ZnO NPs appeared to recalibrate the lung's redox equilibrium following HCl exposure, which was determined through measurements of ROS, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and catalase activity. All these results further indicated the potential of biofabricated ZnO NPs for future applications in analgesics and acute lung injury treatments.