A novel C-type lectin protein (BjCTL5) interacts with apoptosis stimulating proteins of p53 (ASPP) to activate NF-κB signaling pathway in primitive chordate.

C-type lectin proteins (CTLs), a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play pivotal roles in immune responses. However, the signal transduction and regulation of CTLs in cephalochordates have yet to be explored. In this study, we examined the composition of CTLs in Branchiostoma japonicum, identifying a total of 272 CTLs. These CTLs underwent further analysis concerning domain arrangement, tandem and segmental duplication events. A multidomain C-type lectin gene, designated as BjCTL5, encompassing CLECT, KR, CUB, MAM, and SR domains, was the focal point of our investigation. BjCTL5 exhibits ubiquitous expression across all detected tissues and is responsive to stimulation by LPS, mannose, and poly (I:C). The recombinant protein of BjCTL5 can bind to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, inducing their agglutination and inhibiting the proliferation of S. aureus. Yeast two-hybrid, CoIP, and confocal immunofluorescence experiments revealed the interaction between BjCTL5 and apoptosis-stimulating proteins of p53, BjASPP. Intriguingly, BjCTL5 was observed to induce the luciferase activity of the NF-κB promoter in HEK293T cells. These results suggested a potential interaction between BjCTL5 and BjASPP, implicating that they involve in the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which provides an evolutionary viewpoint on NF-κB signaling pathway in primitive chordate.

The urban-rural disparities and factors associated with the utilization of public health services among diabetes patients in China.

BACKGROUND: Basic public health services for diabetes play an essential role in controlling glycemia in patients with diabetes. This study was conducted to understand the urban-rural disparities in the utilization of basic public health services for people with diabetes and the factors influencing them. METHODS: The data were obtained from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) with 2976 diabetes patients. Chi-square tests were used to examine the disparities in the utilization of diabetes physical examination and health education between urban and rural areas. Logistic regression was performed to explore the factors associated with the utilization of diabetes public health services. RESULTS: Among all participants, 8.4% used diabetes physical examination in the past year, and 28.4% used diabetes health education services. A significant association with age (OR = 0.64, 95% CI:0.49-0.85; P < 0.05) was found between patients' use of health education services. Compared with diabetes patients living in an urban area, diabetes patients living in a rural area used less diabetes health education. (χ2= 92.39, P < 0.05). Patients' self-reported health status (OR = 2.04, CI:1.24-3.35; P < 0.05) and the use of glucose control (OR = 9.33, CI:6.61-13.16; P < 0.05) were significantly positively associated with the utilization of diabetes physical examination. Patients with higher education levels were more likely to use various kinds of health education services than their peers with lower education levels (OR = 1.64, CI:1.21-2.22; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Overall, urban-rural disparities in the utilization of public health services existed. Vulnerable with diabetes, such as those in rural areas, are less available to use diabetes public health services. Providing convenient health service infrastructure facilitates the utilization of basic public health services for diabetes in older patients with diabetes, especially in rural areas.

The design of tourism product CAD three-dimensional modeling system using VR technology.

In view of the high homogeneity of tourism products all over the country, an attempt is made to design virtual visit tourism products with cultural experience background, which can reflect the characteristics of culture + tourism in different scenic spots, so that tourists can deeply experience the local culture. Combined with computer aided design (CAD), the virtual three-dimensional (3D) modeling system of scenic spots is designed, and VR real scene visit interactive tourism products suitable for different scenic spots are designed. 360° VR panoramic display technology is used for 360° VR panoramic video shooting and visiting system display production of Elephant Trunk Hill park scenery. A total of 157 images are collected and 720 cloud panoramic interactive H5 tool is selected to produce a display system suitable for 360° VR panoramic display of scenic spots. Meanwhile, based on single view RGB-D image, the latest convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm and point cloud processing algorithm are used to design the indoor 3D scene reconstruction algorithm based on semantic understanding. Experiments show that the pixel accuracy and mean intersection over union of the indoor scene layout segmentation network segmentation results are 89.5% and 60.9%, respectively, that is, it has high accuracy. The VR real scene visit interactive tourism product can make tourists have a more immersive sense of interaction and experience before, during and after the tour.

FRG3, a Target of slmiR482e-3p, Provides Resistance against the Fungal Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum in Tomato.

The vast majority of plant disease resistance (R) genes encode nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins, which specifically determine the plant immune response and have been demonstrated to be targets of several microRNA (miRNA) families. The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) causes vascular wilt disease in tomato worldwide. Here, we explored a possible role for FGR3 in tomato defense against FOL. FRG3 is a predicted NBS-LRR like gene that is targeted by slmiR482e-3p, a member of slmiR482 miRNA family. Northern blot data demonstrated that all seven members of the slmiR482 family were regulated in diverse ways after infection by FOL. The ability of FRG3 to be regulated by slmiR482e-3p was confirmed at the transcript level by co-expression studies in Nicotiana benthamiana. A virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach revealed that FRG3 confers resistance to the Motelle tomato cultivar. Taken together, our study has identified a novel R gene, FRG3, which is targeted by slmiR482e-3p at the transcript level, and is necessary for resistance to tomato wilt disease in planta.