Benefits of camrelizumab plus carboplatin and albumin paclitaxel as induction therapy for locally advanced borderline resectable or unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of camrelizumab plus albumin paclitaxel and carboplatin in the neoadjuvant treatment of borderline resectable or unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 patients with borderline resectable or unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer who received neoadjuvant treatment with camrelizumab plus albumin paclitaxel and carboplatin at Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022. Of these, 20 patients underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy after neoadjuvant treatment. RESULTS: Overall, 88.9% (24/27) of patients completed neoadjuvant treatment. The objective response rate was 79.2% (19/24) according to the RECIST criteria. Of the 20 patients who underwent surgery, the R0 resection rate was 95%, and 35% (7/20) achieved pathological complete response (pCR). During neoadjuvant treatment, 30% (6/20) of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and 20% (4/20) had grade ≥3 postoperative complications. There were no cases of reoperation or perioperative mortality. CONCLUSION: Camrelizumab plus albumin paclitaxel and carboplatin were found to be safe and effective in the neoadjuvant treatment of borderline resectable or unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer. It was observed to improve the rate of curative resection without increasing perioperative complications.

Visual and bibliometric analysis of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by persistent sinonasal inflammation and sinus microbiome dysbiosis. Nasal polyps (NPs) are one of the main manifestations that cause diverse clinical symptoms of CRS. Objective: We sought to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of articles on CRS and NPs published between 2003 and 2022 to provide researchers with the current state of research and potential directions. Methods: We searched relevant articles from 2003 to 2022 in the Web of Science database. VOSviewer and the Bibliometrix R package were used to perform the bibliometric analysis. Results: A total of 3907 publications were retrieved. The United States made the highest contributions to global research, followed by China. Northwestern University had the most publications. The most published author was C. Bachert, followed by R. P. Schleimer and R. J. Schlosser. The authors with the most co-citations were C. Bachert, W. J. Fokkens, and P. Gevaert. Moreover, the journal with the most publications was the International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, and the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology was the most cited. "Covid-19," "biologics," and "type 2 inflammation" were the top current research hotspots. Conclusions: The United States and Northwestern University were the leading country and institution in researching CRS and NPs. C. Bachert was the most influential expert. The International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology and the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology were leading journals. "Covid-19," "biologics," and "type 2 inflammation" were the trending topics.

Assessment of serum soluble CD40 ligand levels in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a disease highly associated with abnormal regulation of T and B cells. The underlying pathophysiology of inflammatory pathways has critical implications for the diagnosis and management of CRS. Soluble CD40-ligand (sCD40L) is a cleaved form of CD40L present in plasma which functions the same way as CD40L, which has been observed as an inflammatory biomarker in many diseases. CD40L-positive cells control B-cell maturation, proliferation, apoptosis, and antibody production by binding to its receptor CD40 on B-cells. And our results show for the first time that patients with CRS have lower serum sCD40L levels compared to healthy subjects and that decreased sCD40L levels in patients correlate with increased CD40L-positive cell counts in the sinonasal mucosa. In addition, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) patients tend to exhibit more CD40L-positive cells in the sinonasal mucosa compared to non-eCRS patients. This supports the notion that local blockade of CD40/CD40L may suppress pathogenic T/B cell responses and reduce tissue inflammation. Significantly, sCD40L and CD40L may be involved in the development and progression of CRS by impairing peripheral blood B-cell function and enhancing the local inflammatory response in the sinonasal mucosa.