[Chemical pattern recognition of Atractylodes chinensis from different producing areas and establishment of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method for four components].

This study established the fingerprint and combined it with chemical pattern recognition to evaluate the quality of Atractylodes chinensis samples from different producing areas and then employed the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) method to verify the feasibility and applicability of the established method in the quality evaluation of A. chinensis. The fingerprints of A. chinensis samples were constructed via high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) to evaluate the inter-batch consistency. With the quality control component atractylodin as the internal reference, the relative correction factors(RCFs) were established for atractylenolide Ⅰ, atractylenolide Ⅲ, and ß-eudesmol and the content of the four components was calculated. The external standard method was used to verify the accuracy of QAMS method. The quality of A. chinensis was further evaluated by similarity analysis, clustering analysis, and principal component analysis. The fingerprints of 13 batches of samples were calibrated with 21 common peaks, and 4 common peaks were identified with the similarities all above 0.9. The RCFs established with atractylodin as the internal reference represented good reproducibility under different experimental conditions. Specifically, the RCFs of atractylenolide Ⅰ, atractylenolide Ⅲ, and ß-eudesmol in A. chinensis were 2.091, 4.253, and 6.010, respectively. QAMS and ESM showed no significant difference in the results, indicating that the QAMS method established in this study was stable and reliable. Thus, HPLC fingerprint combined with QAMS can be used for the quality evaluation of A. chinensis, providing a basis for comprehensive and rapid quality evaluation of A. chinensis.

The cultivable endophytic fungal community of Scutellaria baicalensis: diversity and relevance to flavonoid production by the host.

Scutellaria baicalensis (SB), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, is widely used because of its important pharmacological activities. However, the endophytic fungi that promote flavonoid accumulation in SB remain unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the endophytic fungal community of SB and screened the endophytic fungi that might promote flavonoid synthesis in SB. ITS1/ITS4Blast was used to identify the endophytic fungi in SB. In total, 687 strains were identified in 57 genera. The dominant genus in the leaves and stems was Alternaria and that in the roots was Fusarium. Alternaria was the dominant genus in SB collected from all sites and in wild and cultivated SB. Alpha diversity indexes indicated more abundant endophytic fungi in samples from Chengde, the genuine producing area of SB, than in those from other sites. Beta diversity index analysis indicated that SB plants with closer geographical relationships showed more similar endophytic fungal community profiles. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that baicalin, wogonoside, wogonin, and oroxylin A contents were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of Alternaria. Overall, the results indicate the importance of geographical factors in influencing the endophytic fungal community of SB and suggest that the presence of Alternaria spp. might contribute to flavonoid synthesis in SB.

[Research progress on effect factors of secondary metabolites content in callus].

Secondary metabolites are the result of that plant interaction with biological and non-biological factors in the long-term evolution process, and play an important role in plant growth, development and physiology. The effective components of medicinal plant are usually the secondary metabolites in plant cells, and the synthesis of them are affected by a variety of factors, such as environmental impact. Acquirement of the secondary metabolites via callus culture has the advantage of low cost and less environmental impact. The synthesis and accumulation of medicinal plant secondary metabolites are not only controlled by light, temperature and pH, but also infected by germplasm, plant growth regulator and elicitor. This article presents a review of the influencing factors, and provides a basis for further study and development.

[Tissue culture of medicinal plant and abscisic acid].

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in many physiological processes of plants, and it was also applied to fields of medicinal plant biotechnology. The article presents a review of some recent application of ABA in enhancing the production of secondary metabolites of medicinal plants, improving the in vitro conservation in medicinal plant tissue culture system.