Efficacy of posterior fixation and bone graft fusion for treatment of lumbar brucellosis spondylitis.

The purpose of this study is to verify whether early stage patients with single-segment lumbar Brucella spondylitis can still be cured through simple posterior fixation and bone grafting, even without debridement. A retrospective study was conducted on 63 patients diagnosed with single-segment lumbar brucellosis spondylitis, who underwent posterior-only debridement (or not), bone grafting, and instrumentation from June 2016 to June 2019. Group A comprised 34 patients who did not undergo debridement, while group B comprised 29 patients who underwent debridement. The clinical data and imaging results of the patients were compared between the 2 groups to evaluate the clinical effects of debridement or not. Both groups of patients completed at least 1 year of follow-up. The group A had significantly lower values for operation time, blood loss, and hospital stay compared to the group B (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, visual analogue scores, improvement of Japanese Orthopaedic Association Evaluation of treatment score, and Cobb angle. The bone fusion rate was 92% (31 patients) in group A and 96% (28 patients) in group B, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05). In summary, these findings suggest that posterior fixation and bone graft fusion are effective treatments for single-segment lumbar brucellosis spondylitis in early stages even without debridement. Importantly, these procedures offer several benefits, such as minimal trauma, short operation times, rapid postoperative recovery, and favorable bone graft fusion outcomes.

Pd-Catalyzed umpolung asymmetric allylic alkylation of hydrazones to vicinal tertiary and quaternary chiral carbon centers.

Diastereo- and enantioselective construction of vicinal tertiary and quaternary carbon centers is a great challenge in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report a facile and efficient protocol to construct vicinal tertiary and quaternary chiral carbon centers in high yields with high regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivities via Pd-catalyzed umpolung asymmetric allylic alkylation of hydrazones with monosubstituted allyl reagents by using Kündig-type chiral N-heterocyclic carbene as the ligand. The control experiments revealed that the reaction proceeds via the inner-sphere mechanism.

Posttranscriptional inhibition of γ-adducin promotes the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells.

OBJECTIVE: The expression of cytoskeleton-related protein γ-adducin (ADD3) was abnormally reduced in some tumors. Functional experiments demonstrated that it could inhibit the malignant progression of lung cancer and glioma, whereas the involvement of ADD3 in osteosarcoma was not clear. This study aimed to investigate the role of ADD3 in osteosarcoma and its upstream regulatory mechanisms. METHODS: ADD3 was knocked down by siRNA transfection and the expression level of ADD3 was determined using quantitative real-time PCR assay and Western blot. CCK-8 assay and colony formation were performed to detect the capacity of cell proliferation. Transwell assay and PI and Annexin V-FITC staining were used to determine cell migration and apoptosis, respectively. Luciferase reporter experiment was performed to investigate the interaction between ADD3 and miR-23b-3p. RESULTS: Based on gene silencing assays, we showed that knockdown of ADD3 suppressed apoptosis and promoted the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells, revealing inhibitory effects of ADD3 in osteosarcoma. Luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed that miR-23b-3p could bind to the 3'-UTR of ADD3. Upregulation of miR-23b-3p not only inhibited the expression of ADD3, but also released the tumor suppressive role of ADD3 on the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found that ADD3 functioned as a tumor suppressor gene during osteosarcoma development. The abnormal upregulation of miR-23b-3p targeted the expression of ADD3 and resulted in accelerated osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration. Thus, the miR-23b-3p/ADD3 axis contributes to the development of osteosarcoma and ADD3 is a key driver of malignancy.

The effect of preoperative degenerative spondylolisthesis on postoperative outcomes of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: A single-center cohort study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Most degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) patients primitively received the conservative treatment to control symptoms. In order to develop an optimal surgical treatment strategy, it is very significant to understand how the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DS) affects the effect of decompression in the DLSS. Thus, the aim of this current study was to explore whether the concomitant DS would affect the effect of decompression alone in the patients with DLSS. METHODS: The current study was carried out at our hospital and it was approved through our institutional review committee of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. During the period from January 2015 to December 2017, in our study, we identified consecutive patients who received the minimally invasive laminectomy to treat the DLSS. The inclusion criterion included radicular leg pain or neurogenic claudication with the neurological symptoms associated with DLSS syndrome, magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine reveals at least 1 level of serious stenosis, the conservative treatment failed for at least 3 months, and patients agreed to provide the postoperative details. The major outcomes of this present research was Oswestry Disability Index. Secondary outcomes of this current study involved visual analog score, short form-36, surgical revision rate as well as complications. RESULTS: We assumed that previous DS possessed a negative effect on the postoperative results of the DLSS patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: researchregistry5943.

Palladium/N-heterocyclic carbene catalysed regio and diastereoselective reaction of ketones with allyl reagents via inner-sphere mechanism.

The palladium-catalysed allylic substitution reaction is one of the most important reactions in transition-metal catalysis and has been well-studied in the past decades. Most of the reactions proceed through an outer-sphere mechanism, affording linear products when monosubstituted allyl reagents are used. Here, we report an efficient Palladium-catalysed protocol for reactions of ß-substituted ketones with monosubstituted allyl substrates, simply by using N-heterocyclic carbene as ligand, leading to branched products with up to three contiguous stereocentres in a (syn, anti)-mode with excellent regio and diastereoselectivities. The scope of the protocol in organic synthesis has been examined preliminarily. Mechanistic studies by both experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the reaction proceeds via an inner-sphere mechanism-nucleophilic attack of enolate oxygen on Palladium followed by C-C bond-forming [3,3']-reductive elimination.