[Severe systemic vasculitis induced by ibrutinib]. / Vascularite systémique sévère induite par l'ibrutinib.

INTRODUCTION: The specific cutaneous toxicity of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors is poorly described. We report a case of severe systemic vasculitis induced by ibrutinib. OBSERVATION: A 73-year-old woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia was treated with ibrutinib. Eighteen months after treatment onset, ulceronecrotic lesions on toes and tongue occurred. Skin biopsy found vasculitis of small and medium vessels. Biologic tests were negative. This vasculitis was refractory to systemic corticosteroid therapy and azathioprine. Ibrutinib was stopped on the hypothesis of drug-induced vasculitis. Skin lesions improved after discontinuation of ibrutinib. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of action of ibrutinib does not explain the occurrence of vasculitis and an immunoallergic mechanism is suspected.

[Port-wine stains treated by pulsed-dye laser with sedation: A retrospective observational efficacy and safety in 18 children]. / Étude observationnelle rétrospective du traitement des angiomes plans par laser colorant pulsé sous sédation : efficacité et tolérance chez 18 enfants.

BACKGROUND: Pulsed-dye laser (PDL) is the gold standard treatment for port-wine stains but it is painful. To limit pain in small children, sedation may be given. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the efficacy of this approach and the risks of sedation, as well as the level of satisfaction of parents. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in our dermatology department in children treated with PDL while under sedation. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by comparing pictures of lesions before and after treatment and using a questionnaire sent to the parents. RESULTS: 18 children were included between 2003 and 2011. In all, 111 laser sessions were performed with sedation. Comparison of photographs showed an improvement rate of 6.2/10 (in terms of colour and area). The mean parent satisfaction score was 6.6/10. Adverse events were reported in 27.8 % of children and for 4.5 % of PDL sessions, with one case of severe hypoxemia that resolved without sequelae. DISCUSSION: In our study, PDL for port-wine stains was effective, with good improvement of lesions. Pain was controlled thanks to sedation with one serious adverse event. The parents indicated a positive impression. This study suggests that the procedure may be proposed for small children in order to reduce pain, with a good risk-benefit ratio for sedation. More studies are needed to better qualify pain management for children under PDL treatment.

[Syringotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma mimicking dermatomycosis]. / Lymphome cutané T syringotrope simulant une dermatomycose.

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous syringotropic T-cell lymphoma is a rare form of lymphoma. We report a case involving a misleading cutaneous presentation on the sole of the foot. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 55-year-old woman presented discrete coalescent papules on her left foot, having an anhidrotic appearance, for which a number of antifungal treatments had been given without success. The skin biopsy revealed CD4+ T lymphocytic dermal infiltrate, mainly near the sweat glands, with syringotropism. The diagnosis of syringotropic T-cell lymphoma was reinforced by the presence of dominant cutaneous T-lymphocyte clone in the skin biopsy. Staging tests were negative. Treatment was initiated with an extremely potent (class IV) dermal corticosteroid. DISCUSSION: Syringotropic T-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare form of cutaneous lymphoma similar in presentation to mycosis fungoides, characterised by the mainly perisudoral and syringotropic nature of the lymphocytic infiltrate. The value of this case report lies in the extremely mild nature of the misleading skin lesions, which could only be diagnosed through biopsy. Treatment for this condition is not as yet codified due to the extremely low number of cases reported in the literature.

[Multiple cutaneous osteomas of the face in a setting of chronic acne]. / Ostéomes cutanés multiples de la face dans un contexte d'acné chronique.

BACKGROUND: Multiple cutaneous osteomas are a rare complication of chronic inflammatory acne that often goes unrecognized. We report a case concerning a 35-year-old woman. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 35-year-old woman had been treated for acne since the age of 22 years, as part of which she received two courses of oral isotretinoin. We noted the secondary appearance of several microcysts on the face for which the excision was very difficult. Curiously, these small formations did not contain keratin but were very callous. Histological examination revealed foci of osseous metaplasia, probably of postinflammatory origin. Treatment consisted solely of excision of the lesions. DISCUSSION: Osteoma cutis comprises two distinct groups (primary and secondary). In our case, there were multiple cutaneous osteomas of the face resulting from chronic acne. The differential diagnosis was idiopathic miliary osteomatosis of the face, but this was ruled out by the young age of the patient, the improvement of the acneiform lesions under isotretinoin (confirming the initial diagnosis of acne) and the subsequent appearance of microcysts. Although there are as yet no codified treatments, excision appears to yield good results.

[Therapeutic value of moderate-dose oxybutynin in extensive hyperhidrosis]. / Intérêt de l'oxybutynine à dose modérée dans l'hyperhidrose étendue.

BACKGROUND: Hyperhidrosis is a functional disorder characterized by increased sweating that can greatly impair quality of life due to psychosocial factors. It is most often localized (underarms, hands, feet) but can also be generalized. In this case, after eliminating an underlying cause, systemic treatment may be proposed. In this retrospective study, we report the benefits and adverse effects of the anticholinergic drug oxybutynin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients treated with oxybutynin between February 2008 and October 2010 for troublesome generalized hyperhidrosis were recruited after ruling out underlying disease. Oxybutynin (Ditropan(®)) was started at a dose of 1.25mg then increased in increments of 1.25mg every 4 days up to the lowest effective dose, which did not exceed 2.5mg three times per day in order to avoid serious adverse effects. After 2 months of treatment, patients were asked to rate their satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, as well as degree of efficacy, time to efficacy, type of adverse effects and whether or not treatment was continued. RESULTS: Thirty patients were included in this study: 24 women and 6 men aged 19 to 64 years (mean=33 years). The treatment was rated by 24 patients (80%) as very effective and by three patients (10%) as moderately effective. Three patients (10%) stopped the treatment due to adverse effects such as faintness and ocular accommodation disorders, and for these patients, the degree of satisfaction ranged from 1 to 3/10. For the other 27 patients, satisfaction was 6 to 10 with a median of 8.5. The onset of action was between 10 and 21 days with an average of 15.4 days. Adverse effects were present in 10 of 27 patients (37%) comprising dry mouth, which was well tolerated (grade 1). Mean follow-up was 14.9 months (2 months to 32 months), with two patients being lost to follow-up. DISCUSSION: The treatment of primary extended or generalized hyperhidrosis is not currently codified. Our study shows the efficacy of oxybutynin in this indication at a moderate dose, with good safety. The satisfaction index was high, with 80% of patients considering the drug very effective and for 10% considering it moderately effective. To our knowledge, this is the first retrospective study in a large population. A placebo-controlled study could provide the grounds for a therapeutic consensus concerning a drug widely known for many years in the treatment of extensive hyperhidrosis.