Preoperative respiratory therapy in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: A preoperative respiratory therapy treatment was performed to analyze the effectiveness, with respect to postoperative air leak and pain, in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer. OBJECTIVES: To analyze air leakage and postoperative pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy one patients were studied, with a mean age of 62.58 years. Descriptive variables of gender, carcinogenic pathology, type of surgical incision and lung resection, use of glue and endostapler, and presence of adhesions were analyzed. Likewise, analysis of the quantitative variables of age, body mass index and forced expiratory volume in 1 s Two homogeneous groups resulted. Differentiated, experimental group (EG) that performed preoperative respiratory therapy and control group (CG). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in favor of the EG with respect to postoperative air leak on days 1-2 during the performance of physiotherapy techniques, the food and during the performance of the exercises autonomously. Furthermore, differences in air leakage were observed on days 2-4 during gait. The number of patients decreased to a greater extent in the EG. Regarding pain, there were statistically significant differences in the sample on days 1-4, with greater intensity of pain in the CG and after doing physiotherapy every day except the second. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative respiratory therapy in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer was effective in reducing the number of patients who presented postoperative air leak and reducing pain in the EG.

[EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF CLEANING THE AIR BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF MAKING IN PATIENTS WITH AEROSOL CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE]. / Evaluación de la eficacia en la limpieza de la vía aérea entre dos métodos de toma de aerosolterapia en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva croníca.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a condition which requires, among others, the administration of bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs to control the disease. They help to keep the airways clear and prevent the buildup of fluid and mucus. Inhalation is the most widely used form of administrating the medication because of its local and rapid action which normally is done by aerosol therapy. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two aerosol methods in clearing the airways of COPD patients, admitted with an exacerbation due to their disease. It also aims to evaluate its effects on the length of stay, oxygen saturation, dyspnea, autonomy and complications. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial. Traditional method (control group) and positive expiratory vibrating device (intervention group): two ways to deliver aerosol were compared. The following outcome variables were considered: length of stay, days of fever, oxygen saturation, need for NIV or VM, the basic activities of daily living index autonomy (Barthel), dyspnea (Borg scale) and peak-flow. RESULTS: 39 patients were included. Regarding hospital stay, patients in the intervention group spend an average of one day less in hospital. Also in this group there were fewer readmissions. No statistically significant differences were found in the remaining variables. CONCLUSIONS: The inhalation treatment with a vibrating device with positive exhalation, appears to reduce the length of stay and prevent readmissions. It is important to continue research on non-pharmacological interventions as to achieve the prevention of relapses.