Prevalence of dental, oral, and maxillofacial traumatic injuries among domestic violence victims: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Domestic violence (DV) encompasses a series of abusive behaviors, perpetrated in a family environment, against individuals of all ages and genders. Injuries to the head, neck, and face are frequent findings among victims of abuse, negatively impacting their quality of life. Although oral and maxillofacial injuries (OMFI) and traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are commonly diagnosed among DV victims, their prevalence is still unknown. This systematic review was aimed to assess the prevalence of OMFI and TDI among victims of DV. METHODS: The protocol of the review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023424235). Literature searches were performed in eight electronic databases, up to August 7th, 2023. Observational studies published in the Latin-roman alphabet and reporting the prevalence of OMFI and/or TDI were included. The Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool, checklist for prevalence studies, was used for quality assessment. Results were presented as qualitative and quantitative syntheses. RESULTS: Seventeen studies, totaling 12,375 victims of domestic violence, were included. Meta-analyses showed an overall prevalence of 29% (95% CI: 15%-48%, I2 = 99%) and 4% (95% CI: 1%-10%, I2 = 98%) for OMFI and TDI, respectively. Higher pooled prevalence for OMFI (41%, 95% CI: 13%-46%, I2 = 99%) was demonstrated in samples with only women. OMFI was less prevalent (20%) among DV victims under 18, while TDI was lower among adults (1%). Hospital samples presented higher pooled prevalence of OMFI (32%), and forensic data from fatal victims presented higher prevalence of TDI (8%). CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of OMFI and TDI in DV victims was 29% and 4%, respectively. Women victims of DV presented higher rates of OFMI (41%) and TDI (6%).

Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Premolars Using Nanohybrid Composite, Fiber-Reinforced Composite, Horizontal Glass Fiber Posts, and Ceramic Inlays: An In Vitro Study.

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the resistance to fracture of endodontically treated premolars (ETPs) with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities filled with nanohybrid composite (NHC), fiber-reinforced composite (FRC), horizontal glass fiber posts (HFP), and ceramic inlays (CI). METHODS: Eighty-four intact maxillary premolars were taken, and endodontic treatment was performed followed by MOD cavity preparations (except in the control group). They were distributed into 7 groups based on type of restoration: intact teeth (control group), ETP + MOD (not restored), NHC, FRC + NHC, HFP + NHC, FRC + HFP + NHC, and CI groups. Samples were subjected to universal testing machine until the fracture occurred and failure mode was visually inspected. RESULTS: Mean and standard deviation of fracture resistance of the 7 groups ranged from 265.6 ± 68.0 N to 1023.7 ± 76.5 N. The highest reading was noted for intact teeth followed by FRC + HFP + NHC group and then the CI group, with no significant difference among the 3 groups. The lowest reading was noted for the ETP + MOD group. Maximum unrepairable fractures were seen in the ETP + MOD and CI groups. CONCLUSION: FRC + HFP + NHC combination and CIs increased the resistance to fracture of ETPs significantly.

Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in emergency dental services: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in emergency dental services. METHODS: Seven electronic and two grey literature databases were searched, up to December 2021, for studies that reported the TDI prevalence among dental emergencies. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies, and The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach were used to assess the risk of bias and quality of evidence respectively. The R software was used to perform a proportion meta-analysis on a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence and respective 95% CI. RESULTS: From a total of 1476 studies identified after excluding duplicates, 38 met the inclusion criteria, and another five were identified through hand searching, summing 43 included observational studies with a total sample of 209099 individuals searching for emergency dental care. The overall pooled prevalence of TDI was 15.4% (95% CI: 11%-21%, I² = 100%). Paediatric dental emergency services and age group from 0 to 21 years presented the highest prevalence, 29% (95% CI: 22%-38%, I² = 99.5%) and 24% (95% CI: 15%-35%, I² = 98%) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The overall pooled prevalence of TDI in emergency dental services was 15.4%, and 24% in the age group under 21 years. Considering the impact of prompt and correct emergency care in the long-term prognosis of TDI, such knowledge is relevant to organize emergency healthcare and support public policies in this area.

A cone-beam computed tomographic analysis of total dentin removed, canal transportation, and canal-centering ability following instrumentation with three different file systems: An in vitro study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability following instrumentation with XP-endo Shaper (XPS), TruNatomy (TRN), and HyFlex CM (HCM) file system. Subjects and Methods: Fifty-four mesiobuccal canals of mandibular molars were selected and allocated into three groups randomly: XPS, TRN system, and HCM file system. Pre- and postinstrumentation scans were taken using a cone-beam computed tomography scanner to determine the amount of root dentin removed, mesiodistal and buccolingual transportation, and canal-centering ratio at 2, 5, and 8 mm from the root end. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and the significance level was set at P = 0.05. Results: TRN file system removed the least amount of root dentin. XPS showed statistically higher M-D canal transportation at 5 mm level from the apex. Conclusions: TRN file system showed better dentin preservation as compared to XPS and HCM. XPS showed the highest canal transportation at 5 mm. All three file systems performed similarly in terms of canal-centering ability.

Análise comparativa de novos compósitos a base de polímero associado a diferentes vidros bioativos: estudo in vitro e in vivo / Comparative analysis of novel polymer-based composites associated with different bioactive glasses: in vitro and in vivo study

O avanço no campo da engenharia tecidual e biomateriais conduz ao aprimoramento dos tratamentos e tecnologias já existentes, visando otimizar a resolução de injúrias e permitir tratamentos cada vez mais eficientes para a população. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste estudo foi produzir e caracterizar scaffolds de policaprolactona (PCL) incorporadas com três formulações diferentes de vidro bioativo, bem como avaliar a influência destas na osteogênese in vitro e na neoformação óssea in vivo. Para isso, foram obtidos quatro grupos experimentais: PCL (P), PCL incorporado com o vidro bioativo 45S5 (P45), PCL incorporado com o vidro bioativo S53P4 (P53) e PCL incorporado com o vidro bioativo 58S (P58). A síntese de todos os vidros foi realizada pela rota Sol-Gel, os quais foram incorporados à solução de PCL previamente à produção dos scaffolds por meio do processo de eletrofiação. Posteriormente à caracterização morfológica e físico-química, os scaffolds foram submetidas aos testes biológicos in vitro e in vivo. Na etapa in vitro, células da medula óssea obtidas de fêmures de ratos foram isoladas e plaqueadas com os scaffolds, visando avaliar a influência destas na atividade e diferenciação celular na osteogênese. Para o ensaio in vivo, 30 ratos Wistar foram submetidos ao procedimento cirúrgico para confecção de um defeito crítico de 3,0 mm nas tíbias direita e esquerda para avaliação dos scaffolds. A eutanásia dos animais foi realizada após 4 semanas do procedimento cirúrgico, e as peças foram submetidas à análise histológica, imuno-histoquímica (IHC), histomorfométrica e ao teste biomecânico de flexão de três pontos. Os dados obtidos foram estatisticamente analisados pelo teste ANOVA um fator, com nível de significância adotado de 5%. A caracterização morfológica e físico-química evidenciou o sucesso da referida metodologia em confeccionar o novo biomaterial. Na análise in vitro, observou-se que os scaffolds não foram citotóxicos, e permitiram atividade e diferenciação celular, sendo que o grupo P exibiu maior conteúdo de proteína total (p<0,05) em ambos os períodos analisados, e os grupos P53 e P58 exibiram maior atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP), não diferindo entre si (p>0,0001) enquanto P exibiu menor atividade, diferindo estatisticamente (p<0,05). Todos os grupos permitiram a formação de nódulos de mineralização, e foi observado maior quantificação de Alizarina nos grupos P45, P53 e P58 quando comparados ao grupo P (p<0,05). Na análise histológica foi observada a presença de neoformação óssea na região do defeito crítico em todos os grupos. A IHC evidenciou a imunomarcação por osteocalcina (OC) e TRAP. Na análise histomorfométrica foi observada maior formação nos grupos P45 e P53, os quais não diferiram entre si (p>0,0001). O teste biomecânico evidenciou que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (p>0,05) ao avaliar a força de ruptura das tíbias. Os resultados evidenciaram o sucesso na produção do novo compósito, sendo que os grupos contendo vidro bioativo, em especial o grupo P53, se mostraram mais osteoativos e osteocondutores quando comparado ao grupo P, e evidenciam o potencial uso na engenharia tecidual.(AU)

Advancements in the field of tissue engineering and biomaterials lead to the enhancement of existing treatments and technologies, aiming to optimize injury resolution and enable increasingly efficient treatments for the population. Thus, the objective of this study was to produce and characterize polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds incorporated with three different formulations of bioactive glass, as well as to evaluate their influence on in vitro osteogenesis and in vivo bone neoformation. To achieve this, four experimental groups were established: PCL (P), PCL incorporated with 45S5 bioactive glass (P45), PCL incorporated with S53P4 bioactive glass (P53), and PCL incorporated with 58S bioactive glass (P58). The synthesis of all glasses was carried out via the Sol-Gel route, and they were subsequently integrated into the PCL solution prior to scaffold production through the electrospinning process. Following morphological and physicochemical characterization, the scaffolds underwent in vitro and in vivo biological testing. In the in vitro phase, bone marrow cells obtained from rat femurs were isolated and plated with the scaffolds to assess their influence on cellular activity and differentiation in osteogenesis. For the in vivo assay, 30 Wistar rats underwent a surgical procedure to create a 3.0 mm critical defect in the right and left tibias for the evaluation of the scaffolds. Euthanasia of the animals was performed after 4 weeks of the surgical procedure, and the specimens were subjected to histological analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC), histomorphometric analysis, and a three-point bending biomechanical test. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with a significance level set at 5%. Morphological and physicochemical characterization confirmed the success of the aforementioned methodology in fabricating the new biomaterial. In the in vitro analysis, it was observed that the scaffolds were not cytotoxic and allowed for cellular activity and differentiation. Group P exhibited a higher total protein content (p<0.05) in both analyzed periods, and groups P53 and P58 displayed greater alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, with no significant difference between them (p>0.0001), while P exhibited lower activity, differing statistically (p<0.05). All groups supported the formation of mineralization nodules, with a higher quantification of Alizarin observed in the P45, P53, and P58 groups compared to the P group (p<0.05). Histological analysis revealed the presence of bone neoformation in the critical defect region in all groups. IHC showed immunolabeling for osteocalcin (OC) and TRAP. Histomorphometric analysis revealed greater formation in the P45 and P53 groups, which did not differ from each other (p>0.0001). The biomechanical test indicated no statistically significant difference between the groups (p>0.05) when evaluating tibial rupture strength. The results demonstrated the success in producing the new composite, with the bioactive glass-containing groups, especially the P53 group, showing greater osteoactivity and osteoconductivity compared to the P group, highlighting their potential for use in tissue engineering (AU)

Three-dimensional Printer Molds for Vaginal Agenesis: An Individualized Approach as Conservative Treatment / Moldes de impressão tridimensionais para agenesia vaginal: Uma abordagem individualizada como tratamento conservador

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of vaginal molds, made with three-dimensional (3D) printing, for conservative treatment through vaginal dilation in patients with vaginal agenesis (VA). Methods A total of 16 patients with a diagnosis of VA (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, total androgen insensitivity syndrome, and cervicovaginal agenesis) from the Federal University of São Paulo were selected. Device production was performed in a 3D printer, and the polymeric filament of the lactic polyacid (PLA) was used as raw material. A personalized treatment was proposed and developed for each patient. Results There were 14 patients who reached a final vaginal length of 6 cm or more. The initial total vaginal length (TVL) mean (SD) was 1.81(1.05) and the final TVL mean (SD) was 6.37 (0.94); the difference, analyzed as 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 4.56 (5.27-3.84) and the effect size (95% CI) was 4.58 (2.88-6.28). Conclusion The 3D printing molds for vaginal dilation were successful in 87.5% of the patients. They did not present any major adverse effects and offered an economical, accessible, and reproducible strategy for the treatment of VA.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de moldes dilatadores vaginais, confeccionados com impressão tridimensional (3D), para tratamento conservador através da dilatação vaginal em pacientes com agenesia vaginal (AV). Métodos Foram selecionadas 16 pacientes com diagnóstico de AV (síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser, síndrome de insensibilidade androgênica total e agenesia cervicovaginal), da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. A produção dos dispositivos foi realizada em uma impressora 3D e, como matéria-prima, foi utilizado o filamento polimérico do poliácido lático (PLA). Um tratamento personalizado foi proposto e desenvolvido para cada paciente. Resultados Quatorze pacientes atingiram um comprimento vaginal final (CVF) de 6 cm ou mais. A média inicial do CVF (DP) foi de 1,81 (1,05) e a média final do CVF (DP) 6,37 (0,94); a diferença (IC 95%) foi de 4,56 (5,27-3,84) e o tamanho do efeito (IC 95%) foi de 4,58 (2,88-6,28). Conclusão Os moldes de impressão 3D para dilatação vaginal obtiveram sucesso em 87,5% das pacientes. Como impacto secundário, não apresentaram efeitos adversos importantes e ofereceram uma estratégia econômica, acessível e reprodutível para o tratamento da AV.

Influence of two remineralizing agents on bleached enamel surface morphology and mineral composition - An In Vitro study.

Aim: To investigate the effects of bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide on the structure of tooth enamel and the role of two remineralizing agents for their potential to remineralize any damaged regions of enamel. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted 32 mature permanent central incisors were selected and sectioned at the level of the cemento-enamel junction. The teeth were divided into four groups consisting of eight teeth each: No bleaching (control) [Group 1], bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide [Group 2], bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide followed by application of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste [Group 3], and bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide followed by application of xylitol-coated calcium phosphate fluoride varnish [Group 4]. The enamel surfaces were analyzed under the scanning electron microscope and quantitative energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Results: Results were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's posthoc test. Group 2 revealed changes in enamel surface morphology and a statistically significant decrease in mineral content. Groups 3 and 4 showed statistically significant remineralization potential. Intergroup comparison showed that samples in Group 4 had a higher mineral content compared to Group 3. Conclusions: The application of the tested remineralizing agents following bleaching was effective in repairing the enamel surface morphology with higher efficacy for the fluoride varnish product. Since bleaching regimes with high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide adversely affect the enamel surface, these findings can translate to clinical practice to reduce the long-term damaging effects of tooth bleaching.

Three-dimensional Printer Molds for Vaginal Agenesis: An Individualized Approach as Conservative Treatment.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of vaginal molds, made with three-dimensional (3D) printing, for conservative treatment through vaginal dilation in patients with vaginal agenesis (VA). METHODS: A total of 16 patients with a diagnosis of VA (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, total androgen insensitivity syndrome, and cervicovaginal agenesis) from the Federal University of São Paulo were selected. Device production was performed in a 3D printer, and the polymeric filament of the lactic polyacid (PLA) was used as raw material. A personalized treatment was proposed and developed for each patient. RESULTS: There were 14 patients who reached a final vaginal length of 6 cm or more. The initial total vaginal length (TVL) mean (SD) was 1.81(1.05) and the final TVL mean (SD) was 6.37 (0.94); the difference, analyzed as 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 4.56 (5.27-3.84) and the effect size (95% CI) was 4.58 (2.88-6.28). CONCLUSION: The 3D printing molds for vaginal dilation were successful in 87.5% of the patients. They did not present any major adverse effects and offered an economical, accessible, and reproducible strategy for the treatment of VA.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de moldes dilatadores vaginais, confeccionados com impressão tridimensional (3D), para tratamento conservador através da dilatação vaginal em pacientes com agenesia vaginal (AV). MéTODOS: Foram selecionadas 16 pacientes com diagnóstico de AV (síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser, síndrome de insensibilidade androgênica total e agenesia cervicovaginal), da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. A produção dos dispositivos foi realizada em uma impressora 3D e, como matéria-prima, foi utilizado o filamento polimérico do poliácido lático (PLA). Um tratamento personalizado foi proposto e desenvolvido para cada paciente. RESULTADOS: Quatorze pacientes atingiram um comprimento vaginal final (CVF) de 6 cm ou mais. A média inicial do CVF (DP) foi de 1,81 (1,05) e a média final do CVF (DP) 6,37 (0,94); a diferença (IC 95%) foi de 4,56 (5,27­3,84) e o tamanho do efeito (IC 95%) foi de 4,58 (2,88­6,28). CONCLUSãO: Os moldes de impressão 3D para dilatação vaginal obtiveram sucesso em 87,5% das pacientes. Como impacto secundário, não apresentaram efeitos adversos importantes e ofereceram uma estratégia econômica, acessível e reprodutível para o tratamento da AV.

Apexification and dentinal wall reinforcement using Biodentine and glass fiber post.

A 21-year-old male patient reported with chief complaint of pain in the upper front teeth. Clinical examination revealed tooth fracture in teeth # 11, 21, and prior attempted endodontic treatment. The radiographic examination revealed periapical radiolucency in relation to upper central incisors with thinning of dentinal walls. The upper left central incisor had grossly diminished root canal dentin walls with immature apex, whereas the upper right central incisor had moderate loss of dentin from the root canal wall with an open apex. Hence, it was decided to extract the upper left central incisor, whereas apexification and root canal dentin wall reinforcement with Biodentine were carried out for the upper right central incisor. The patient was asymptomatic at 1-, 4-, and 6-month follow-up visits.

Avaliação de desfecho de pacientes com dislipidemia em uso de terapia tripla combinada: sinvastatina, ezetimiba e ômega 3 / Outcome evaluation of patients with dyslipidemia using combined triple therapy: simvastatin, ezetimibe and omega 3

Introdução: As doenças crônicas configuram importante problema de saúde coletiva no Brasil, principalmente hipertensão arterial, doenças cardiovasculares, acidentes vasculares cerebrais e diabetes, sendo um dos principais fatores de risco, as dislipidemias. Numerosos estudos clínicos mundiais estabeleceram a associação entre dislipidemia e aumento da mortalidade. O Brasil acompanha este fenômeno internacional. Observa-se uma pobre cultura sanitária sobre o problema, bem como hábitos de vida da população e pouca informação sobre o tema. Considerando este cenário, o presente estudo avaliou a melhoria do perfil lipídico dos pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório de Clínica Médica do Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal em uso de terapia tripla combinada (sinvastatina, ezetimiba e ômega 3). Resultados: apresentou-se uma grande redução do perfil lipídico dos pacientes analisados. A síndrome metabólica foi a comorbidade a qual apresentou a queda mais expressiva do perfil lipídico, chegando ao valor de redução do LDL em 43,99%, colesterol total 33,06% e triglicerídeos 38,77%. Discussão: foi visto uma redução no perfil lipídico de forma significativa, levantando a possibilidade que a terapia tripla pode ter efeitos sinérgicos na redução do colesterol e triglicerídeos. Conclusão: administração da terapia tripla combinada com sinvastatina 40mg, ezetimiba 10mg e ômega 3 (EPA e DHA 900mg ­ 1000mg), não induziu algum efeito tóxico ou evento cardiovascular, assim como efeito adverso novo. Além disso, demonstrou uma redução significante do perfil lipídico. Palavras-chave: Dislipidemia. Estatinas. Doenças crônicas. Promoção da saúde.

Spectrophotometric Analysis of Coronal Discolouration Induced by ProRoot MTA, Biodentine and MTA Repair HP Used for Pulpotomy Procedures.

OBJECTIVE: To assess and quantify coronal tooth discolouration by ProRoot MTA, Biodentine and MTA repair HP as pulpotomy agents and to identify colour stability of these materials in presence of blood contamination. METHODS: 120 human premolar teeth were used in the study. The teeth were sectioned horizontally 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. A retrograde cavity extending within 2 mm of the incisal edge was prepared. The specimens were randomly distributed as; Control: Group 1, ProRoot MTA: Group 2, Biodentine: Group 3 and MTA repair HP: Group 4. The groups werefurther subdivided on basis of exposure to saline (subgroup A) or blood (subgroup B). The access was sealed with light cured Glass ionomer cemet and the specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37°C. The Colour change was evaluated with a spectrophotometer at: day 0 (T0), day 1 (T1), day 7 (T7), 1 month (T30), 2 months (T60), and 6 months (T180). The colour measurements were recorded using the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*a*b* value. RESULTS: For all groups, there was a sharp increase in L* parameter at T1. At 6 months, Group 1B (Control + blood) showed maximum decrease in luminosity followed by Group 2A (ProRoot + saline) > Group 4B (MTA repair HP + blood) > Group 2B (ProRoot + blood). Group 3A (Biodentine + saline) showed the least amount of decrease in luminosity followed by Group 4A (MTA repair HP + saline) and Group 3B (Biodentine + blood). No significant difference was found in ∆E change between any of the groups from baseline to 180 days (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Relative to L* parameter, it was possible to observe a statistically significant decrease in luminosity in the Group1B (Control + blood) followed by ProRoot MTA (Group 2A and 2B) and MTA repair HP (Group 4A and 4B). Biodentine (Group 3A and 3B) showed least tooth discolouration in terms of L* parameter.

Materiais e medicamentos com validade expirada, gerenciamento e desafios / Materials and medicines with expired validity, management and challenges

Objetivo: conhecer o gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde oriundos de materiais hospitalares e medicamentos descartados devido à data de validade expirada, em um hospital universitário. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, a ser realizado em um hospital universitário. Coletar-se-ão os dados por meio de consulta ao banco de dados e formulários restritos do cenário de estudo. Investigar-se-ão as seguintes variáveis: descrição do resíduo; período de destinação final; custo do produto e da destinação final; quantidade e local de geração. Organizar-se-ão os dados em planilhas de Excel, analisando-os pelo software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 19. Realizar-se-á o estudo após a aprovação dos Comitês de Ética responsáveis. Resultados esperados: pretendem-se obter informações que subsidiem a intervenção por meio de planejamento, monitoramento e avaliação logística de todos os processos da gestão de resíduos de serviços de saúde.(AU)

Comparative evaluation of sealing ability of two self-adhesive flowable composites following various restorative techniques in Class V lesions: An in vitro study.

Background: Self- adhesive flowable composite (SAFC) has been introduced to eliminate etching and bonding procedures. However, they have shown increased microleakage and poor bonding ability when used as per the manufacturer's instructions. It is unclear if prerestorative techniques can improve the same. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acid etching, bevel placement and air abrasion on the marginal sealing ability of SAFCs when used in Class V restorations. Materials and Methods: 56 human mandibular premolars were taken and standard Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal aspect. They were divided into 4 groups comprising of control and three restorative techniques. Group A: SAFC used alone formed the control group, Group B: Acid-etched using 37.5% phosphoric acid gel, Group C: 1 mm bevel placed on the occlusal margin, Group D: Subjected to air abrasion. Each group was further subdivided into two, with one half being restored with Dyad flow (Kerr) while the remaining with Constic (DMG). The samples were thermocycled and the dye extraction method was used to assess microleakage using ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Statistical Analysis: Microleakage values were subjected to analysis of variance and post hoc analysis. Results: Statistically significant differences in the absorbance values were seen between the two SAFCs. Results with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. For Dyad flow, there was a statistically significant difference between Groups B and D (P = 0.028), while for Constic, it was between Groups A and B (P = 0.031) and Groups B and D (P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Among restorative techniques, air abrasion showed the least microleakage, while acid etching showed the highest values. Among the two SAFCs, Constic presented lower microleakage than Dyad Flow.

Shear bond strength evaluation of an alkasite restorative material to three different liners with and without using adhesive system: An in vitro study.

AIMS: The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the bonding ability of alkasite restorative material to TheraCal LC™ (TLC), Biodentine™ (BD), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) using an universal adhesive and characterizing their failure modes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ninety extracted intact human molars were divided into three groups of (n = 30) as Group I (TLC), Group II (RMGIC), and Group III (BD). Each group was subdivided into two based on application of universal adhesive. Cention N was bonded to each sample. Shear bond strength analysis was performed. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between Group I and Group II (P < 0.05) while Group III showed the least bond strength (P < 0.05). The modes of failure were predominantly cohesive in Groups I and III (TLC and BD) while RMGIC showed mixed and adhesive failures. CONCLUSIONS: The bond strength of Cention N to TLC and RMGIC was similar and significantly higher than that of BD following application of universal adhesive.

Use of thermography in skin grafts after the application of therapeutic ultrasound in Wistar rats.

Purpose To analyze changes in the thermal pattern in the skin graft receptor bed, after the use of therapeutic ultrasound through the thermographic images. Methods Eighteen Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar, separated into two groups: GST groups (without tumor and without treatment with ultrasound) and GT (with tumor and treatment with ultrasound). In the GT group, induction of carcinogenesis was performed by single intradermal application of 0.05 ml DMBA at 0.5%, diluted in acetone. Subsequently, a technique of reconstructive grafting surgery of the mesh type was performed in both groups and treatment with therapeutic ultrasound was performed in the GT group the alternate day protocol at 3, 6, 10 and 15 days after the procedure. The thermographic evaluation occurred on days 3, 6, 10 and 15 after the grafting. Results There was a significant difference between the statistical evaluation of the temperature of the control group when compared to the treated group, on the different evaluation days (p <0.0001). Conclusion The thermographic analysis of the images was effective in evaluating the healing process, being the use of thermography feasible to evaluate changes in the thermal standard in the surgical bed, besides the beneficial effects of the US.