Ocorrência de parasitos gastrointestinais de gatos domésticos (Felis catus domesticus) em amostras fecais recebidas no hospital veterinário da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz no período de 2018-2019 / Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites of domestic cats (Felis catus domesticus) in fecal samples received at the veterinary hospital at the State University of Santa Cruz in the 2018-2019 period / Incidencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en gatos domésticos (Felis catus domesticus) muestras fecales recibidas en el hospital veterinario de la Universidad Estatal de Santa Cruz en el período 2018-2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a ocorrência de parasitos gastrointestinais em 20 amostras fecais de gatos domésticos recebidas no Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz. As amostras foram recebidas no período de 19 de abril de 2018 a 09 de agosto de 2019, sendo de animais de diferentes raças e ambos os sexos. Dessas amostras (15/20) foram negativas e (5/20) foram positivas, onde o foram encontrados com maior frequência ovos de Ancylostoma spp. (4/20) além de uma amostra positiva para oocistos de Cystisospora spp (1/20). Os animais com amostras positivas eram animais com idade inferior a um ano e nunca tinham passado por acompanhamento veterinário. Enquanto o alto número de amostras negativas pode ser justificado por serem animais cuidados por membros da comunidade acadêmica e que já tinham passado por atendimento no Hospital Veterinário, realizando de tratamentos antiparasitários.(AU)

The objective of this work is to evaluate the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in 20 fecal samples from domestic cats received in the Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology at the State University of Santa Cruz. The samples were received from April 19, 2018 to August 9, 2019 and were from animals of different breeds and both genders. From these samples, (15/20) were negative and (5/20) were positive. Eggs of Ancylostoma spp. were found more frequently, in 4 of the samples, and one (1) sample tested positive for oocysts of Cystisospora spp (1/20). The animals with positive samples were animals aged less than one year old and had never been through veterinary follow-up. The high number of negative samples can be justified because they were animals cared for by members of the academic community and that had already been seen by the staff at the Veterinary Hospital, performing antiparasitic treatments.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la presencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en 20 muestras fecales de gatos domésticos recibidas en el Laboratorio de Parasitología Veterinaria de la Universidad Estatal de Santa Cruz. Las muestras se recibieron desde el 19 de abril de 2018 hasta el 9 de agosto de 2019, y procedían de animales de diferentes razas y ambos sexos. De esas muestras (15/20) fueron negativas y (5/20) fueron positivas, donde los óvulos de Ancylostoma spp. se encontraron con más frecuencia. (4/20) y una muestra positiva para ooquistes de Cystisospora spp (1/20). Los animales con muestras positivas eran animales de menos de un año de edad y nunca habían sido acompañados por un veterinario. Si bien el elevado número de muestras negativas puede justificarse por tratarse de animales cuidados por miembros de la comunidad académica y que ya habían pasado por la asistencia en el Hospital Veterinario, realizando tratamientos antiparasitarios.(AU)

Essential oils of Citrus aurantifolia, Anthemis nobile and Lavandula officinalis: in vitro anthelmintic activities against Haemonchus contortus.

BACKGROUND: Infections of sheep with gastrointestinal parasites, especially Haemonchus contortus, have caused serious losses in livestock production, particularly after the emergence of resistance to conventional anthelmintics. The search for new anthelmintic agents, especially those of botanical origin, has grown substantially due to the perspective of less contamination of meat and milk, as well as other advantages related to their cost and accessibility in less developed countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic activity of essential oils of the plant species Citrus aurantifolia, Anthemis nobile and Lavandula officinalis against the main developmental stages of the parasite H. contortus. RESULTS: Plant species were selected based on substantial ethnopharmacological information. Analysis of the composition of each oil by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated the presence of limonene (56.37%), isobutyl angelate (29.26%) and linalool acetate (35.97%) as the major constituents in C. aurantifolia, A. nobile and L. officinalis, respectively. Different concentrations of each oil were tested in vitro for their capacity to inhibit egg hatching (EHT), larval development (LDT) and adult worm motility (AWMT) using a multidrug-resistant strain of H. contortus (Embrapa 2010). The IC50 values obtained for the oils of C. aurantifolia, A. nobile and L. officinalis were 0.694, 0.842 and 0.316 mg/ml in the EHT and 0.044, 0.117 and 0.280 mg/ml in the LDT, respectively. The three oils were able to inhibit adult worm motility completely within the first 8-12 h of observation in the AWMT. CONCLUSIONS: The present results demonstrate significant anthelmintic activity of the three oils against the different developmental stages of H. contortus. Furthermore, this study is of ethnopharmacological importance by validating the anthelmintic activity of the oils studied. Although new experiments are necessary, these data contribute to the development of pharmaceutical-veterinary products for sheep farming by opening up new therapeutic possibilities against gastrointestinal infections caused by H. contortus.

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of coronaridine from Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC in a human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma cell line (Hep-2).

Cancer has become a major public health problem worldwide and the number of deaths due to this disease is increasing almost exponentially. In the constant search for new treatments, natural products of plant origin have provided a variety of new compounds to be explored as antitumor agents. Tabernaemontana catharinensis is a medicinal plant that produces alkaloids with expressive antitumor activity, such as heyneanine, coronaridine and voacangine. The aim of present study was firstly to screen the cytotoxic activity of the indole alkaloids heyneanine, coronaridine and voacangine against HeLa (human cervix tumor), 3T3 (normal mouse embryo fibroblasts), Hep-2 (human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma) and B-16 (murine skin) cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide); and secondly to analyze the apoptotic activity, cell membrane damage and genotoxicity of the compound that showed the best cytotoxic activity against the tumor cell lines tested. Coronaridine was the one that exhibited greater cytotoxic activity in the laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 (IC50 = 54.47 µg/mL) than the other alkaloids tested (voacangine IC50 = 159.33 g/mL, and heyneanine IC50 = 689.45 µg/mL). Coronaridine induced apoptosis in cell lines 3T3 and Hep-2, even at high concentrations. The evaluation of genotoxicity by comet assay showed further that coronaridine caused minimal DNA damage in the Hep-2 tumor cell line, and the LDH test showed that it did not affect the plasma membrane. These results suggest that further investigation of coronaridine as an antitumor agent has merit.