[Antioxidant status evaluation in sportsmen using in their ration natural concentrated food products made by cryogenic technology].

The authors evaluated the level of products of lipid peroxidation and enzymatic component of antioxidant defense in 30 sportsmen (19-22 years) going in for boat racing at pre-competition period, after competition and during one month of subsequent planned training. At the same time, the authors assessed some indices of vitamin (А, Е, В1, В2) and mineral status of human organism (zinc, copper, iron). As the criteria of antioxidant defense status, catalase activity and ceruloplasmin level were detected in blood serum, content of products of lipid peroxidation was evaluated according to levels of malon dialdehyde and nitric oxide metabolites. To assess influence of food ration upon antioxidant defense in sportsmen, natural concentrated food products made by cryogenic technology were administrated to persons of the main group (n=15). The food products were administrated as powder in second course during organized diner. The food products were not given to persons in control group (n=15). First food product consisted of vegetable components and animal protein: cryopowders of rabbit meat, celery, onion, pumpkin, hips. Second food product consisted of cryopowders of red grape, topinambour, beet root and verdure of parsley. Both food products were given 10 grams during 15 days. Results showed before study 40% of sportsmen had high level of products of lipid peroxidation. It probably provided evidence about inadequacy of physical loads. These changes were detected against the background decreased content of vitamins А (10.0% persons), Е (40.0% persons), В2 (43.3% persons), В1 (100.0% persons), copper (30.0% persons) and iron (53.3 % persons). The preparation for sportive competitions led to augmentation of products of lipid peroxidation in control group. In persons of main group using the food products during pre-competition period, the increase of micronutrient saturation was noted; it probably positively influenced upon metabolic processes in human organism and prevented the augmentation of production of malon dialdehyde and nitric metabolites. The enzymatic component activity in control group did not change and was in the range of standard. Since the level of lipid peroxidation metabolites in blood serum in main group significantly decreased at the end of observation, but enzymatic component activity remained high (it provided evidence of higher antioxidant defense), the authors supposed aftereffect due to using in ration food products with elevated content of biologically active substances. Probably, sportsmen of main group more sufficiently endured planned physical loads. Obtained results provided evidence about availability of using food products made by cryogenic technology in ration of sportsmen of different kind of sport.

[Mechanisms underlying changes in functional properties of red cells in acute action of carbon monoxide].

It has been experimentally established that a single impact of carbon mono-oxide in concentration 4000 mg/m3 during 75 minutes (CL50) in rats is accompanied with disturbance of functional activities of blood red cells in the form of a decrease of deformability and an increase of aggregative capacity of erythrocytes which are most evident to the end of the first day after carbon mono-oxide administration. These changes are combined with structural modification and changes in metabolism of erythrocytic membrane. The signs of structural modification of erythrocytic membrane in rats exposed to acute effect of carbon mono-oxide in a mean lethal concentration stay long remaining during elimination of carboxyhemoglobinemia (up to 14-21 days).

Mechanisms of hemolytic anemia during experimental methemoglobinemias.

A complex study of the peripheral erythron component was performed during methemoglobinemias induced by single administration of sodium nitrate and phenylhydrazine in LD50. Administration of methemoglobin-forming agents to rats induced the development of hemolytic anemia. The pathogenesis of this disorder included significant long-term modifications of the erythrocyte membrane. The severity and duration of anemia syndrome depended on chemical structure of xenobiotics, blood methemoglobin level, and the duration of the acute period of methemoglobinemia.