Assessment of the capacity of a pyrophosphate-based mouth rinse to inhibit the formation of supragingival dental calculus. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of an anti-calculus mouth rinse and its possible adverse effects on the mucosa and teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial included 40 patients with treated and managed periodontal disease, all with a history of rapid calculus formation. Patients used a pyrophosphate-based test mouth rinse (B) or a placebo (A). A range of parameters were measured for: saliva (saliva flow, pH and chemical composition); calculus (Volpe-Manhold [V-M] index, weight, and volume); adverse effects on mucosa and teeth; and the patients' subjective perceptive of mouth rinse efficacy. RESULTS: the test mouth rinse B produced reductions in urea, uric acid, and phosphorous, calcium, saliva flow, and increases in pH. V-M index and calculus weight decreased after using the test mouth rinse. Calculus volume decreased with both mouth rinses. No changes to the mucosa or teeth were observed. Patients perceived that the test mouth rinse was more effective. CONCLUSIONS: The test/B and placebo mouth rinses both modified certain parameters in saliva composition, particularly reductions in urea, uric acid, and phosphorous. Calcium tended to increase after using the test-B mouth rinse. The results did not demonstrate the anticalculus efficacy of the pyrophosphate-based mouth rinse or positive effects on saliva flow or composition. This field requires further research, as no product has been developed that prevents calculus formation completely.

Prospective Clinical Study of Zirconia Full-coverage Restorations on Teeth Prepared With Biologically Oriented Preparation Technique on Gingival Health: Results After Two-year Follow-up.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical behavior of one-piece complete-coverage crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) on teeth with vertical preparation without finish line biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: This prospective study included 52 patients requiring treatment with restorations in the esthetic region: 74 crowns and 27 FPDs. The sample included a total of 149 teeth that were prepared vertically without finish line. The sample was divided into two groups: one-piece crowns and FPDs, all with zirconia cores, feldspathic ceramic veneer, and a 0.5-mm prosthetic finish line of zirconia. All procedures were carried out at the University of Valencia from 2013 to 2014. The following parameters were evaluated over a two-year follow-up: oral hygiene, periodontal state, gingival thickening, gingival margin stability, the presence of complications, and restoration survival rate. Patient satisfaction with treatment was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: Two years after treatment, 80.5% of treated teeth remained free of gingival inflammation and bleeding. Mean gingival thickening was 0.41 ± 0.28 mm for one-piece crowns and 0.38 ± 0.36 mm for FPDs. Gingival margin stability was 100%, but 2% of the sample presented biological complications. The VAS patient satisfaction scores were eight out of a maximum score of 10. CONCLUSIONS: Two years after treatment, vertical preparation without finish line produces gingival thickening, margin stability, and optimal esthetics. Neither crowns nor FPDs presented any mechanical complications.

Response of three types of cast posts and cores to static loading.

OBJECTIVE: An analysis is made of the influence of continuous compression loading on different types of cast posts and cores and its effects on the crowns and teeth. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Thirty extracted maxillary canines were prepared and divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the type of cast posts and cores used for restoration: chrome-nickel alloy, acetalic resin, and IPS-Empress porcelain. Metallic cast crowns were luted onto the cores. The specimens were evaluated with an Instron testing machine at an angulation of 45 degrees and a forward speed of 0.5 mm/min. After testing, the specimens were sectioned along the axis and examined under x40 magnification. RESULTS: Mean load resistance of the restorations until fracture was 2,120 N, 1,491 N, and 2,139 N in the chrome-nickel, IPS-Empress ceramic, and acetalic resin groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in resistance were observed between metal and porcelain and between resin and porcelain. Microscopically, the apical portion was found to be most affected by fracture and compromised the teeth subjected to chrome-nickel restorations. The metal cast posts and cores exhibited different angulations, while the ceramic restorations showed cracks. The acetalic resin cast posts and cores presented no fractures.

[Current esthetic parameters in fixed prosthodontics: a literature review]. / Parametros actuales estéticos en prostodoncia fija: una revisión bibliografica.

We show in this study the need to realize a careful selection of the color to be based on to put a single pre-fabricate guide to be outstanding the advantage and difficulties regarding to another systems. I denote the significance from the anatomic morphology of the restoration as well as the necessity of a defects control from the vision in the clinical like ceramist.