RESUMO
RESUMEN La tuberculosis es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el mundo, a pesar de los múltiples controles y estrategias del tratamiento. La forma diseminada corresponde al 5 % de las presentaciones. Reportamos el primer caso en la literatura de una paciente adolescente con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y tuberculosis diseminada quien presentó síntomas constitucionales asociados con un dolor lumbar, inicialmente interpretado como sacroileítis no infecciosa y una probable enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.
SUMMARY Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world despite multiple control and treatment strategies. Disseminated tuberculosis corresponds to 5% of cases. We report the first case in literature of an adolescent patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus and disseminated tuberculosis, who had constitutional symptoms associated with low back pain and was initially, interpreted initially as noninfectious sacroiliitis and a probable inflammatory bowel disease.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Tuberculose , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1RESUMO
El raquitismo es una enfermedad ósea infrecuente asociada a la disminución de niveles séricos de calcio o fosfato, la mayoría de los casos como consecuencia de déficit nutricional, aunque puede presentarse por mutaciones genéticas o defectos adquiridos del metabolismo. El cuadro clínico es heterogéneo y depende de la edad de presentación; manifestándose con ensanchamiento y retraso de la mineralización de la placa de crecimiento ósea. Se presenta el caso de un niño indígena de 11 meses de edad con historia de neumonía recurrente, al examen físico, presentaba hipotonía muscular generalizada, tórax con rosario costal y deformidad en extremidades, con paraclÃnicos: hipocalcemia e hipofosfatemia, fosfatasa alcalina y hormona paratiroidea elevadas, niveles de 25-hidroxi-vitamina normales-altos y con valor de 1,25-dihidroxi-vitamina D muy bajo, se sugirió el diagnóstico de raquitismo dependiente de vitamina D tipo 1A severo, una forma infrecuente de esta patologÃa.
Ricketts is a rare bone disease associated with low serum levels of calcium and phosphate. Most of the cases occur as a consequence of nutritional deficits, but genetic mutations or acquired metabolic defects may account for it. Clinical presentation is heterogenous depending on age at presentation, manifesting as widening and retardation of mineralization of the growing bone plate. We present the case of a 11 month of age child with a history of recurrent pneumonia presenting with generalized muscle hypotonia, deformed chest and bowed extremities with hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia, elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone, high levels of 25-hidroxy-vitamine D3 and very low levels of 1,25-dihidroxy-vitamine D3 suggesting the diagnosis of severe vitamin D type 1A rickets, a rare form of this disease.
RESUMO
Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis includes three clinical entities: tuberculous meningitis, intracranial tuberculoma, and spinal tuberculous arachnoiditis. All three categories are encountered frequently in regions of the world where the incidence of TB is high. Meningeal tuberculosis is a medical emergency: it is the most severe, lethal and disabling form of tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and treatment can be lifesaving. Even, in developed countries the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is difficult, frequently delayed or missed, and is often not microbiologically confirmed. Here I report a case of miliary tuberculosis, in a patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, but without HIV infection. Although the patient had regular contact with healthcare staff (hemodialysis), miliary tuberculosis diagnosis was considerably delayed. This patient, subsequently evolved into tuberculous meningitis. In spite of quadruple anti-tuberculosis treatment, corticosteroids, and general supportive care, this case resulted in death.