Preoperative Classification System Used to Determine Release Performed during Endoscopic Brow Lift.

The techniques presented in article will allow the facial plastic specialist to use the anatomy of each individual patient as a guide for the surgical release of the brow performed during endoscopic brow lift. The author presents his 15 years of experience in which he developed this approach. Five different surgical releases of the brow will be demonstrated and discussed in terms of which patients would best benefit from which release. Adopting this approach has made the predictability of the authors brow lift results much better and therefore improved patient satisfaction. This concept has not been described in the literature and the author firmly believes using a preoperative anatomical approach is a better way to approach endoscopic brow lift surgery.

Rejuvenation of the Midface.

In this article, the interested reader will learn when and how to apply different techniques on their patients, with the goal of safe, effective, natural looking, and long-lasting midface rejuvenation.

Endoscopic techniques for rejuvenation of the midface.

Esthetic facial rejuvenation has gained widespread acceptance among the general public. As more and younger patients seek facial rejuvenation, surgeons have been searching for improved techniques, providing longer-lasting, natural-appearing results while decreasing peri- and postoperative sequelae. Toward this end, the endoscope was adapted to esthetic facial surgery. The intent of this article is to provide (1) the author's bias to rejuvenation of the midface and (2) an in-depth review in how the endoscope can be useful for selective rejuvenation of the midface.

Rejuvenation of the midface.

Mid-face rejuvenation has long been a difficult area for aesthetic facial surgeons. In this article the author reviews the techniques currently available and examines in-depth two techniques that he feels are noteworthy for their efficacy in improving mid-face aging. One of these techniques is the "SMAS division mid-face lift" which targets aging of the mid-face associated with a deep nasolabial fold. The other technique is known as a "SOOF lift blepharoplasty" and helps to improve aging of the lower lid associated with a tear trough deformity. Facial aesthetic surgeons should gain a better appreciation of the approaches available for improving this challenging area after digesting the contents of this review article.